Risk factors and risk prediction model for recurrence in medulloblastoma.

Background: At present, there is a lack of established treatment protocols for recurrent medulloblastoma. The assessment of recurrence risk prior to treatment is of utmost importance in determining the most suitable treatment modality and intensity for medulloblastoma. Consequently, the creation of a predictive model for medulloblastoma recurrence is imperative in aiding clinical decision-making.

Furmonertinib and intrathecal pemetrexed chemotherapy rechallenges osimertinib-refractory leptomeningeal metastasis in a non-small cell lung cancer patient harboring EGFR20 R776S, C797S, and EGFR21 L858R compound EGFR mutations: a case report.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are considered the first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring EGFR mutations. However, due to the rarity of cases, the response of EGFR-TKIs in patients harboring uncommon compound EGFR mutations still needs to be determined. Here, we demonstrated the case of a 47-year-old smoker diagnosed with leptomeningeal metastasis from NSCLC and had EGFR20 R776S, C797S, and EGFR21 L858R compound mutations.

PD-1-induced encephalopathy: a report of 2 cases on neurological toxicities with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) often occur during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. In the nervous system, the incidence of irAEs ranges from 0.1-12%, with 80% occurring within the first 4 months of ICI application.

Atypical primary central nervous system lymphoma and glioblastoma: multiparametric differentiation based on non-enhancing volume, apparent diffusion coefficient, and arterial spin labeling.

Objectives: To evaluate the multiparametric diagnostic performance with non-enhancing tumor volume, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and arterial spin labeling (ASL) to differentiate between atypical primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and glioblastoma (GBM).

Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight patients with pathologically confirmed typical PCNSL (n = 59), atypical PCNSL (hemorrhage, necrosis, or heterogeneous contrast enhancement, n = 29), and GBM (n = 70) were selected. Relative minimum ADC (rADC), mean (rADC), maximum (rADC), and rADC (rADC) were obtained by standardization of the contralateral white matter.

Efficacy and safety of combined immunotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery in NSCLCBM patients and a novel prognostic nomogram: A real-world study.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of combined immunotherapy (IT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and address the gap between evidence-based clinical practice and academic knowledge of optimal timing of IT relative to SRS. In addition, to meet the unmet need for an up-to-date prognostic assessment model in the era of IT.

Methods: The data of 86 non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis (NSCLCBM) patients treated with SRS to 268 brain metastases (BMs) were retrospectively extracted from our hospital database.

Case Report: Identification of a Novel Mutation and 1p/22q Co-Deletion in a Patient With Multiple Recurrent Meningiomas Sensitive to Sunitinib.

Background: Although surgical resection can cure the majority of meningiomas, there are still approximately 20% of patients suffering from an aggressive course with recurrence or progression. In this study, we reported a novel mutation and 1p/22q co-deletion responding to sunitinib in a patient with multiple recurrent meningiomas.

Case Presentation: A 53-year-old woman with meningioma was hospitalized due to postoperative tumor progression for 3 weeks.

Bevacizumab as a treatment for radiation necrosis following stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases: clinical and radiation dosimetric impacts.

Background: Brain necrosis (RN) is a common radiotherapy sequela for brain metastases. Bevacizumab is identified as a therapeutic strategy for RN. This study aimed to study the clinical and radiobiological impacts on the efficacy of Bevacizumab in treating RN following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for treatment of large cerebellum metastases from lung cancer.

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an important treatment option. This report evaluated the efficacy and safety of SRS in patients with large cerebellum metastases from lung cancer.

Methods: Between September 2016 and January 2020, a total of 44 patients with large cerebellum metastases >2 cm from lung cancer were evaluated.

Long non-coding RNA HOTTIP promotes BCL-2 expression and induces chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer by sponging miR-216a.

Despite progress in treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), its multidrug chemoresistance and poor prognosis still remain. Recently, we globally assessed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) for contributions to SCLC chemoresistance using microarray data, in vitro and in vivo assays. Here we reported that HOTTIP, encoding a lncRNA that is frequently amplified in SCLC, was associated with SCLC cell chemosensitivity, proliferation, and poor prognosis of SCLC patients.

TSPAN12 promotes chemoresistance and proliferation of SCLC under the regulation of miR-495.

Studies have shown that TSPAN12 serves as an oncogenic gene or tumor suppressor depending on the types of cancer. However, its role in the drug resistance of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is still unknown. In this study, we investigated whether TSPAN12 regulates chemoresistance, proliferation and tumor growth of SCLC under the regulation of miR-495 using two drug resistant cell lines.

The Effects of Anti-inflammatory Drug Treatment in Gastric Cancer Prevention: an Update of a Meta-analysis.

Gastric cancer has high incidence and fatality rates, making chemoprevention agents necessary. There is an ongoing debate about aspirin/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use can significant reduce the risk of GC. We conducted a meta-analysis of existing studies evaluating the association of anti-inflammatory drug and GC.

EPHA3 regulates the multidrug resistance of small cell lung cancer via the PI3K/BMX/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). EPHA3 has been revealed to be the most frequently mutated Eph receptor gene in lung cancer with abnormal expression. Growing evidence indicates that the signaling proteins of EPHA3 downstream, including PI3K, BMX and STAT3, play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.

Prognostic Impact of the Signet Ring Cell Type in Node-Negative Gastric Cancer.

Little is known regarding the prognostic impact of the signet ring cell (SRC) histotype on negative lymph nodes (LNs) in gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences between SRC and non-SRC GC patients without LN metastasis. The medical records of patients with GC who underwent gastrectomy at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre from 1996 to 2012 were reviewed to analyse the clinicopathologic characteristics associated with survival.