Local lymph node assay: 5-bromo-d-deoxyuridine-ELISA method for comparative study in assessing chemical potencies and skin sensitization in BALB/c and CBA/J strains.

Local lymph node assay (LLNA) is a predictive method to provide estimates of relative potency and to contribute to risk assessment/risk management regarding skin sensitizing potency of chemicals and formulations as a stand-alone alternative test. In addition, LLNA is relatively rapid and cost-effective compared to the Buehler method (Guinea pig test), and confers important animal welfare benefits. CBA/J and BALB/c strains are widely commercially available and have been evaluated by formal LLNA validation studies.

Impact of diagnostic ureteroscopy before radical nephroureterectomy on intravesical recurrence in patients with upper tract urothelial cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of diagnostic ureteroscopy performed before radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) on intravesical recurrence (IVR) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

Materials And Methods: From May 2003 to December 2018, patients who underwent RNU for UTUC were enrolled and divided into two groups according to whether they underwent preoperative ureteroscopy (Pre-U vs. Non-U).

Genotoxicity and acute toxicity evaluation of the three amino acid additives with biomass.

l-threonine, l-tryptophan and l-valine play a fundamental role in animal and human nutrition as essential amino acids required for normal growth. In addition, each amino acid is codified as a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) amino acid for the use in animal feed additives and presents no exposure risk from animal to humans consuming tissues or products from the target animal. Taking into account the important role of mutagenicity and genotoxicity in the risk of the three amino acid additives (l-threonine, l-tryptophan, and l-valine) fermentation products and other unknown impurities and derivatives from (), the safety evaluation of these amino acid additives is not performed.

Elevated Ki-67 (MIB-1) expression as an independent predictor for unfavorable pathologic outcomes and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in patients with localized prostate cancer: A propensity score matched study.

Background: Ki-67 is known to be useful in estimating the fraction of proliferation tumor cells in various malignancies. We tried to investigate clinical association of Ki-67 (MIB-1) expression with the oncological outcomes in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) after the radical prostatectomy (RP).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1,561 patients who underwent RP for localized PCa.

CRTC2 as a novel prognostic biomarker for worse pathologic outcomes and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer.

Purpose: To identify the association between tumor metabolism and prostate cancer (PCa), we investigated the relationship between expression of metabolism-related genes and clinicopathologic outcomes in patients with localized PCa.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively collected periprostatic adipose tissue from 40 PCa patients and extracted the RNA of each sample. After cDNA was synthesized from the extracted RNA, we analyzed the expression of 18 metabolism-related genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Evaluation of Prostate Cancer Stage Groups Updated in the 8th Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor-Node-Metastasis Staging Manual.

Introduction: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor, node, metastasis classification system (TNM) staging manual has been updated and provides more specified stage grouping for prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to validate the updated AJCC stage groups for PCa using a radical prostatectomy (RP) cohort.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed the data of 3032 patients previously treated with RP for localized PCa.

Outcomes of pathologic stage T3a renal cell carcinoma up-staged from small renal tumor: emphasis on partial nephrectomy.

Background: The prognosis of patients with pathologic stage T3a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that is up-staged from a small renal tumor remains controversial. We evaluated the prognosis of patients with RCC who were up-staged from clinical stage T1 to pathologic stage T3a.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 3431 patients who were surgically treated for clinical stage T1 RCC.

Impact of Variations in Prostatic Apex Shape on Apical Margin Positive Rate After Radical Prostatectomy: Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy vs Open Radical Prostatectomy.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of prostatic apex shape variations on positive apical margin (PAM) rate after radical prostatectomy (RP) by undertaking a comparative study of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) vs open radical prostatectomy (ORP).

Patients And Methods: A total of 3324 cases of RP (1004 ORP and 2320 RALP) from January 2004 to March 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent preoperative MRI and the cohorts were stratified into four categories according to prostatic apical shape at the midsagittal plane.

Phenyl 2-pyridyl ketoxime induces cellular senescence-like alterations via nitric oxide production in human diploid fibroblasts.

Phenyl-2-pyridyl ketoxime (PPKO) was found to be one of the small molecules enriched in the extracellular matrix of near-senescent human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs). Treatment of young HDFs with PPKO reduced the viability of young HDFs in a dose- and time-dependent manner and resulted in senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and G2/M cell cycle arrest. In addition, the levels of some senescence-associated proteins, such as phosphorylated ERK1/2, caveolin-1, p53, p16(ink4a), and p21(waf1), were elevated in PPKO-treated cells.