PM Exposure as a Risk Factor for Optic Nerve Health in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

(1) Objective: This study investigated the relationship between long-term particulate matter (PM) exposure and optic disc parameters-vertical cup-to-disc ratio (vCDR), vertical optic disc diameter (vDD), and vertical optic cup diameter (vCD)-in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (2) Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 65,750 T2DM patients in the 2017-2018 Shanghai Cohort Study of Diabetic Eye Disease (SCODE). Optic disc parameters were extracted from fundus images, and PM exposure was estimated using a random forest model incorporating satellite and meteorological data.

The control rate of hypertension across months of year and hours of day in a large real-world database.

We investigated the control rate of hypertension across months of year and hours of day in a real-world database. The study participants were hypertensive patients from 142 community health centers across 16 districts in Shanghai, China, who measured their blood pressure with an automatic office blood pressure measurement platform between 2018 and 2023. The 343,400 hypertensive patients included 53.

The interaction effect between BMI, diabetes and age at diabetes onset on the risk of thyroid cancer: A population-based cohort study in Shanghai, China.

Aim: To determine the association of the presence of diabetes and, among persons with diabetes, the age at type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset, BMI and the interactive effect with the subsequent thyroid cancer risk.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a population register-based longitudinal cohort study in Shanghai, including 428 568 persons with new-onset T2DM matched with the general population. The risk of thyroid cancer among subgroups was calculated based on standardized incidence ratio (SIR), hazard ratio (HR) and Cox proportional hazards models.

Telephone follow-up based on artificial intelligence technology among hypertension patients: Reliability study.

Artificial intelligence (AI) telephone is reliable for the follow-up and management of hypertensives. It takes less time and is equivalent to manual follow-up to a high degree. We conducted a reliability study to evaluate the efficiency of AI telephone follow-up in the management of hypertension.

Intelligent Assist Office Blood Pressures (IOBP) versus awake ambulatory monitoring and conventional auscultatory office readings in Chinese primary medical institutions.

To practice standardized office blood pressure (OBP) measurement guidelines pragmatically, we developed an intelligent assisted OBP (IOBP) measurement system in the Chinese community, which can automatically obtain two or three BP values after a 5-min rest before the patients visit the doctor and transfer values to the community medical network in real time. We conducted a comparative study to investigate the agreement among IOBP, awake ambulatory BP (ABP), and conventional auscultatory OBP at different BP levels. Participants were divided into three groups according to BP, with 120/80 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg as the cut-off points.

Association Between Age at Diabetes Diagnosis and Subsequent Incidence of Cancer: A Longitudinal Population-Based Cohort.

Objective: Diabetes presenting at a younger age has a more aggressive nature. We aimed to explore the association of age at type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosis with subsequent cancer incidence in a large Chinese population.

Research Design And Methods: The prospective population-based longitudinal cohort included 428,568 newly diagnosed T2DM patients from 2011 to 2018.

The digitized chronic disease management model: scalable strategies for implementing standardized healthcare and big data analytics in Shanghai.

Background: Chronic disease management (CDM) falls under production relations, and digital technology belongs to the realm of productivity. Production relations must adapt to the development of productivity. Simultaneously, the prevalence and burden of chronic diseases are becoming increasingly severe, leveraging digital technology to innovate chronic disease management model is essential.

Prevalence trends and disease burden of diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese adults of Shanghai.

Background: To estimate secular trends and disease burden of diabetes and prediabetes among Chinese adults.

Methods: Three population-based surveys were performed among Chinese adults in Shanghai in 2002-2003 (n = 12 302), 2009 (n = 7414), and 2017 (n = 18 960). Diabetes and prediabetes were defined using the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.

Anxiety prevalence and its association with physical activity in patients with non-communicable diseases during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China.

Background: Quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have created great psychological stress among vulnerable populations. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and explore the association between physical activities (PA) and anxiety risk in people with non-communicable diseases during the period of COVID-19 lockdown.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey from February 25 to April 20, 2020, the period of COVID-19 lockdown in Shanghai.

Association between age at diabetes onset or diabetes duration and subsequent risk of pancreatic cancer: Results from a longitudinal cohort and mendelian randomization study.

Background: The aim of the study is to estimate the incidence of pancreatic cancer among individuals with new-onset type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and evaluate the relationship of pancreatic cancer risk with age at diabetes onset and diabetes duration.

Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included 428,362 new-onset T2DM patients in Shanghai and Mendelian randomization (MR) in the east-Asian population were used to investigate the association. Incidence rates of pancreatic cancer in all patients and by subgroups were calculated and compared to the general population.

Prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and its major determinants among hypertensive patients over 35 years of age.

Objective: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and hypertension are associated with cardiovascular events. However, effects of Hcy-lowing interventions on cardiovascular outcome were conflicting. Serum folate level was proposed to be a possible determinant of efficacy of extra folate supplementation on cardiovascular outcome.

Predictive value of attended automated office blood pressure and resting pulse rate for mortality in community-dwelling octogenarians: Minhang study.

Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and resting pulse rate (RPR) have been linked to mortality and cardiovascular events in younger population. Till now, no studies simultaneously investigate the non-linear association of SBP and RPR with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among population aged 80 and older. Data of 2828 eligible participants were selected from electronic health records linked attended automated office blood pressure measurement system.

Dynamic changes in metabolic health status in Chinese adults: Multiple population-based surveys in Shanghai, China.

Aims/introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) has been increasing worldwide. The secular change in MS components, however, remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the dynamic change in metabolic health status in Chinese adults.

How COVID-19 lockdown and reopening affected daily steps: evidence based on 164,630 person-days of prospectively collected data from Shanghai, China.

Background: COVID-19 lockdowns may lead to physical inactivity, a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine: 1) the trajectory in daily step counts before, during and after the lockdown in China, and 2) the characteristics associated with the trajectories.

Methods: From December 2019 to July 2020, smartphone-based step counts were continuously collected in 815 Chinese adults residing in Shanghai over 202 days across three phases: before, during, and after the lockdown.

Performance and costs of multiple screening strategies for type 2 diabetes: two population-based studies in Shanghai, China.

Introduction: To compare the performance and the costs of various assumed screening strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Chinese adults, and identify an optimal one for the population.

Research Design And Methods: Two multistage-sampling surveys were conducted in Shanghai, China, in 2009 and 2017. All participants were interviewed, had anthropometry, measured fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (A1c) and/or postprandial glucose.

Impact of a group-based intervention program on physical activity and health-related outcomes in worksite settings.

Background: The benefits of physical activity (PA) have been well documented, and the worksite is a promising setting for PA promotion. The aims of this study were as follows: 1. To evaluate the effect of a group-based worksite intervention on PA and health-related outcomes by using pedometers.

Incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study in Shanghai.

To estimate the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Chinese diabetes patients and to evaluate the effect of blood glucose on PTB risk, a retrospective cohort study was built based on the diabetes management system in Shanghai and included 240,692 adults aged 35 or above. Incidences of PTB in all diabetes patients and by subgroups were calculated and compared. Multivariable Cox regression models with restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with the risk of PTB.

Vaccination coverage with the pneumococcal and influenza vaccine among persons with chronic diseases in Shanghai, China, 2017.

Background: Adults with chronic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, or lung disease are more likely to develop complications from a number of vaccine-preventable diseases, including influenza and pneumonia. In this study, we use the data from a chronic disease management information system in Shanghai to estimate vaccination coverage and characterize predictors of seasonal influenza and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) vaccination among people with chronic disease in Shanghai.

Methods: The Shanghai Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have information systems related to chronic disease management, hospital records, and immunizations.

Prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among public hospital employees in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study.

This study aims to explore the prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among hospital employees in Shanghai, China. A cross-sectional study of 4612 employees aged 19 to 68 years was conducted through stratified cluster sampling from different classes of Shanghai hospitals in 2011. The total physical activity was evaluated using the metabolic equivalent according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire.