Identification and functional study of a novel variant of PAX9 causing tooth agenesis.

Objectives: To search for pathogenic gene of a family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, and explore the possible pathogenesis.

Materials And Methods: A Chinese family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis was recruited and screened for the pathogenic variants by whole exome sequencing technology and co-segregation analysis. The subcellular localization of wild-type and mutant protein was detected by immunofluorescence assay.

Cystine deprivation triggers CD36-mediated ferroptosis and dysfunction of tumor infiltrating CD8 T cells.

Cancer cells develop multiple strategies to evade T cell-mediated killing. On one hand, cancer cells may preferentially rely on certain amino acids for rapid growth and metastasis. On the other hand, sufficient nutrient availability and uptake are necessary for mounting an effective T cell anti-tumor response in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Fueling T-cell Antitumor Immunity: Amino Acid Metabolism Revisited.

T cells are the key players in eliminating malignant tumors. Adoptive transfer of tumor antigen-specific T cells and immune checkpoint blockade has yielded durable antitumor responses in the clinic, but not all patients respond initially and some that do respond eventually have tumor progression. Thus, new approaches to enhance the utility of immunotherapy are needed.

The intrinsic role and mechanism of tumor expressed-CD38 on lung adenocarcinoma progression.

It has been recently reported that CD38 expressed on tumor cells of multiple murine and human origins could be upregulated in response to PD-L1 antibody therapy, which led to dysfunction of tumor-infiltrating CD8 T immune cells due to increasing the production of adenosine. However, the role of tumor expressed-CD38 on neoplastic formation and progression remains elusive. In the present study, we aimed to delineate the molecular and biochemical function of the tumor-associated CD38 in lung adenocarcinoma progression.

Quantification of crustacean tropomyosin in foods using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method.

Background: Allergic reactions to crustacean products have been increasing owing to the rising consumption. Tropomyosin (TM) is the main crustacean allergen; it has a coiled-coil structure, which shows stability to various food processing methods. Crustacean processed products have been used in several food products, thereby causing greater difficulties in detecting TM in these products.

PCC0208018 exerts antitumor effects by activating effector T cells.

Poor prognosis is associated with melanoma due to immunosuppression profiles, suggesting that immune alterations have an important role in the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of melanoma. Here, we found that PCC0208018, a small-molecule compound, enhanced T cell proliferation and activation to release interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) without blocking the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) binding and did not directly affect tumor cell viability in vitro. Furthermore, PCC0208018 increased the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) as well as extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro.

Development of a method for the quantification of fish major allergen parvalbumin in food matrix via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring.

The availability of analytical methods for quantification of allergens is crucial for the correct assessment and labeling of products in order to protect allergic consumers. For this purpose, a simple, sensitive and accurate technique was developed based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-MRM-MS/MS). The proposed method uses a simple purification with heat and a completely optimized tryptic digestion.

PCC0208009 enhances the anti-tumor effects of temozolomide through direct inhibition and transcriptional regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in glioma models.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which is highly expressed in human glioblastoma and involved in tumor immune escape and resistance to chemotherapy, is clinically correlated with tumor progression and poor clinical outcomes, and is a promising therapeutic target for glioblastoma. IDO inhibitors are marginally efficacious as single-agents; therefore, combination with other therapies holds promise for cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of the IDO inhibitor PCC0208009 in combination with temozolomide.