Longitudinal association of depressive symptoms with cognition and neuroimaging biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired older adults, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.

We aimed to longitudinally examine the relationship between depression and cognitive function and investigate the mediating effects of imaging indicators in this relationship. 2,251 subjects with longitudinal assessment of geriatric depression scale, Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDRSB), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale11, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale13 and imaging of 3DT1, diffusion tensor imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, arterial spin labeling, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, 18F-AV45-PET, and 18F-AV1451-PET were included from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. The multivariate mixed-effects models were employed to analyze the correlation between geriatric depression scale scores, cognitive function, and imaging indicators.

Relationships between serotonin 1A receptor DNA methylation, self-reported history of childhood abuse and gray matter volume in major depression.

Background: Early life adversity is a risk factor for psychopathology and is associated with epigenetic alterations in the 5-HT receptor gene promoter. The 5-HT receptor mediates neurotrophic effects, which could affect brain structure and function. We examined relationships between self-reported early childhood abuse, 5-HT receptor promoter DNA methylation, and gray matter volume (GMV) in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).

Transcriptomic decoding of regional cortical vulnerability to major depressive disorder.

Previous studies in small samples have identified inconsistent cortical abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite genetic influences on MDD and the brain, it is unclear how genetic risk for MDD is translated into spatially patterned cortical vulnerability. Here, we initially examined voxel-wise differences in cortical function and structure using the largest multi-modal MRI data from 1660 MDD patients and 1341 controls.

Psychosocial Factors Associated With Long-Term Cognitive Impairment Among COVID-19 Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study.

COVID-19 survivors complained of the experience of cognitive impairments, which also called "brain fog" even recovered. The study aimed to describe long-term cognitive change and determine psychosocial factors in COVID-19 survivors. A cross-sectional study was recruited 285 participants from February 2020 to April 2020 in 17 hospitals in Sichuan Province.

Long-term follow-up of brain regional changes and the association with cognitive impairment in quarantined COVID-19 survivors.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the neuropsychiatric symptoms of quarantined COVID-19 survivors 15 months after discharge and explore its potential association with structural and functional brain changes and inflammation.

Methods: A total of 51 quarantined COVID-19 survivors and 74 healthy controls were included in this study. Cognitive function was assessed using the THINC-integrated tool.

Oxidative Stress Promotes Liver Cancer Metastasis via RNF25-Mediated E-Cadherin Protein Degradation.

Loss of E-cadherin (ECAD) is required in tumor metastasis. Protein degradation of ECAD in response to oxidative stress is found in metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is independent of transcriptional repression as usually known. Mechanistically, protein kinase A (PKA) senses oxidative stress by redox modification in its β catalytic subunit (PRKACB) at Cys200 and Cys344.

Kiwifruit Peel Extract Improves the Alterations in Lipid Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Model Rats.

Previous studies have demonstrated that the kiwifruit peel, which is usually discarded by consumers and factories, has the highest polyphenol content among all parts of the kiwifruit. To maximize the utilization of these waste resources, the aim of this study was to examine the regulatory effects of polyphenols extracted from kiwifruit peel (KPE) on lipid metabolism and investigate their underlying mechanisms. Thirty-two male Sprague‒Dawley rats were divided into four groups: those fed a normal diet, those fed a high-fat (HF) diet, and those fed a HF diet with a low dose of KPE solution (50 mg/kg) or a high dose of KPE (100 mg/kg) by gavage.

Dissecting clinical and biological heterogeneity in clinical states of bipolar disorder: a 10-year retrospective study from China.

Objectives: To dissect clinical and biological heterogeneity in clinical states of bipolar disorder (BD), and investigate if neuropsychological symptomatology, comorbidity, vital signs, and blood laboratory indicators are predictors of distinct BD states.

Methods: A retrospective BD cohort was established with data extracted from a Chinese hospital's electronic medical records (EMR) between 2009 and 2018. Subjects were inpatients with a main discharge diagnosis of BD and were assessed for clinical state at hospitalization.

Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, generally episodic and debilitating disease that affects an estimated 300 million people worldwide, but its pathogenesis is poorly understood. The heritability estimate of MDD is 30-40%, suggesting that genetics alone do not account for most of the risk of major depression. Another factor known to associate with MDD involves environmental stressors such as childhood adversity and recent life stress.

Explainable machine-learning algorithms to differentiate bipolar disorder from major depressive disorder using self-reported symptoms, vital signs, and blood-based markers.

Background And Objective: Caused by shared genetic risk factors and similar neuropsychological symptoms, bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are at high risk of misdiagnosis, which is associated with ineffective treatment and worsening of outcomes. We aimed to develop a machine learning (ML)-based diagnostic system, based on electronic medical records (EMR) data, to mimic the clinical reasoning of human physicians to differentiate MDD and BD (especially BD depressive episodes) patients about to be admitted to a hospital and, hence, reduce the misdiagnosis of BD as MDD on admission. In addition, we examined to what extent our ML model could be made interpretable by quantifying and visualizing the features that drive the predictions.

Transarterial chemoembolization liver resection as initial treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma occurring exclusively in caudate lobe: A retrospective propensity matching analysis.

Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the caudate lobe is technically challenging. This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the clinical outcome of both superselective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and liver resection (LR) for HCC occurring exclusively in the caudate lobe. From January 2008 to September 2021, a total of 129 patients were diagnosed with HCC of the caudate lobe.

Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Expanding the Therapeutic Approaches by Plant-Derived Natural Products.

Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in neurons, supporting the high energy consumption of the nervous system. Inefficient and dysfunctional mitochondria in the central nervous system have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria offers a new therapeutic opportunity for neurodegenerative diseases.

Dysfunction of default mode network characterizes generalized anxiety disorder relative to social anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Background: The perseverative cognition of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is distinctive compared to other anxiety disorders. However, the disease-specific and shared neuropathophysiological mechanisms of GAD remain unclear.

Methods: We recruited medication-free patients of GAD (N = 33), social anxiety disorder (SAD; N = 36), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; N = 59), and healthy controls (HC; N = 50).

Identifying novel proteins underlying loneliness by integrating GWAS summary data with human brain proteomes.

Enduring loneliness is associated with mental disorders and physical diseases. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified risk loci associated with loneliness, how these loci confer the risk remains largely unknown. In the current study, we aimed to investigate key proteins underlying loneliness in the brain by integrating human brain proteomes and transcriptomes with loneliness GWAS to perform a discovery proteome-wide association study (PWAS), followed by a confirmatory PWAS, transcriptome-wide association analysis (TWAS), Mendelian randomization (MR), Steigering filtering analysis and Bayesian colocalization analysis.

Long term neuropsychiatric consequences in COVID-19 survivors: Cognitive impairment and inflammatory underpinnings fifteen months after discharge.

Background: Emerging evidence shows that cognitive dysfunction may occur following coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection which is one of the most common symptoms reported in researches of "Long COVID". Several inflammatory markers are known to be elevated in COVID-19 survivors and the relationship between long-term inflammation changes and cognitive function remains unknown.

Methods: We assessed cognitive function and neuropsychiatric symptoms of 66 COVID-19 survivors and 79 healthy controls (HCs) matched with sex, age, and education level using a digital, gamified cognitive function evaluation tool and questionnaires at 15 months after discharge.

[Changes and Prediction of Social Functional Disability and Quality of Life in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder over the Course of 1-Year Medication].

Objective: To investigate the changes in social function impairment and quality of life and their predictive factors in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) over the course of 1-year drug treatment.

Methods: A total of 54 MDD patients were enrolled for the study. The 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17, hereafter referred to simply as HAMD), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) were used to evaluate depressive symptoms, social functioning, and quality of life, respectively, at baseline (0), as well as 1 month (1 m), 2 months (2 m), 3 months (3 m), 6 months (6 m), 9 months (9 m), and 12 months (12 m) after medication started.

Gray Matter Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Primary Pain: A Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis.

Background: Many structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to identify gray matter abnormalities in patients with chronic primary pain (CPP), but the findings have been inconsistent.

Objectives: To identify (a) gray matter differences between CPP patients or female patients and healthy individuals and (b) the effects of symptom duration and pain scores on gray matter.

Study Design: We conducted a meta-analysis.

Dysfunction of Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Amygdala Subregions in Drug-Naïve Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Although previous studies have reported on disrupted amygdala subregional functional connectivity in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), most of these studies were conducted in GAD patients with comorbidities or with drug treatment. Besides, whether/how the amygdala subregional functional networks were associated with state and trait anxiety is still largely unknown. Resting-state functional connectivity of amygdala subregions, including basolateral amygdala (BLA) and centromedial amygdala (CMA) as seed, were mapped and compared between 37 drug-naïve, non-comorbidity GAD patients and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs).

Supplementation of Kiwifruit Polyphenol Extract Attenuates High Fat Diet Induced Intestinal Barrier Damage and Inflammation via Reshaping Gut Microbiome.

Impaired intestinal integrity and barrier function is associated with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease and metabolic syndrome. In recent years, plant-derived polyphenols have attracted much attention on regulating intestinal barrier function. Kiwifruit was recorded as a traditional Chinese medicine which can treat gastrointestinal diseases, but the mechanism was still unclear.