Social world knowledge: Modeling and applications.

Social world knowledge is a key ingredient in effective communication and information processing by humans and machines alike. As of today, there exist many knowledge bases that represent factual world knowledge. Yet, there is no resource that is designed to capture social aspects of world knowledge.

Quantifying the web browser ecosystem.

Contrary to the assumption that web browsers are designed to support the user, an examination of a 900,000 distinct PCs shows that web browsers comprise a complex ecosystem with millions of addons collaborating and competing with each other. It is possible for addons to "sneak in" through third party installations or to get "kicked out" by their competitors without user involvement. This study examines that ecosystem quantitatively by constructing a large-scale graph with nodes corresponding to users, addons, and words (terms) that describe addon functionality.

A graph-search framework for associating gene identifiers with documents.

Background: One step in the model organism database curation process is to find, for each article, the identifier of every gene discussed in the article. We consider a relaxation of this problem suitable for semi-automated systems, in which each article is associated with a ranked list of possible gene identifiers, and experimentally compare methods for solving this geneId ranking problem. In addition to baseline approaches based on combining named entity recognition (NER) systems with a "soft dictionary" of gene synonyms, we evaluate a graph-based method which combines the outputs of multiple NER systems, as well as other sources of information, and a learning method for reranking the output of the graph-based method.

Comparison of the clinical efficacy of standard and mucoadhesive-based nasal decongestants.

Aims: To compare two xylometazoline 0.1% preparations: reference commercial solution (RS) and test mucoadhesive solution (TS).

Methods: Twenty subjects with perennial allergic rhinitis (age range 18-69 years, 5 atopic, 7 men) applied randomly in turn TS and RS for 5 days in a double-blind crossover clinical trial.

Influence of hydrogel structure on the processes of water penetration and drug release from mixed hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose/thermally pregelatinized waxy maize starch hydrophilic matrices.

The kinetics of water penetration and molsidomine release from both hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) and mixed HPMC/thermally pregelatinized waxy maize starch (SDWMT) hydrophilic matrices has been examined in 0.1 mol x dm(-3) HCl (pH 1.0) and 0.

Development of model aqueous ophthalmic solution of indomethacin.

A new model aqueous solution of indomethacin was developed on the basis of Pluronic F68 (15%) and F127 (10%). They showed some practical advantages over the models prepared with polyols and polysorbate 80, which were used for comparison. It was found that both Pluronics acted very similarly and were more effective as solubilizers, created an appropriate viscosity, and formed reversible gels at higher temperatures, ensured the indomethacin chemical stability and prolonged in vitro drug diffusion, and showed high physiological tolerance on rabbit eyes.

Water uptake and relaxation processes in mixed unlimited swelling hydrogels.

The rheological oscillatory test parameters have been observed for highly concentrated hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), carboxymethylcellulose-sodium (NaCMC) and mixed HPMC/NaCMC hydrogels obtained by swelling of matrix tablets in 0.1 mol cm(-3) HCl and pH 6.8 phosphate buffer.

[An evaluation of the cardioprotective action of the preparation ICRF-187 (Cardioxane) during the treatment of breast cancer with large doses of adriamycin].

Twenty females with disseminated breast cancer received courses of polychemotherapy with 21-day intervals. The regimen comprised adriamycin (ADM), cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil in the dose 50, 500 mg/m2, respectively. 30 minutes prior to the treatment the patients were given the cardioprotector cardioxan (1000 mg/m2).

Regulation of the tetracycline hydrochloride release from polyacrylate microspheres. Part 1.

Due to the precipitation of free bases sparingly soluble in water, it is not possible to achieve a uniform release in the gastrointestinal tract of delayed action drugs containing salts of weak bases, e.g. tetracycline hydrochloride, at pH-values surpassing their pKa values.

Biopharmaceutical studies of oral formulations containing propyphenazone.

Studies were performed with oral dosage formulations of propyphenazon, i.e. aqueous suspension (1%), instant suspension (1%) and tablets (100 mg) for pediatric use.

Biopharmaceutical investigation of rectal suppositories. Part 2(1): Pharmaceutical and biological availability of phenobarbital and phenobarbital-sodium.

The influence of the suppository base and drug solubility on the release an absorption of phenobarbital and phenobarbital-sodium from model suppositories was investigated. It was established that the pharmaceutical and biological availability of phenobarbital is higher from a hydrophilic base because of its improved solubility. The rate and the degree of release of phenobarbital-sodium are more significant from lipophilic bases.

Biopharmaceutical investigations of rectal suppositories. Part 1: Pharmaceutical and biological availability of theophylline.

The influence of suppository base and some tensides on the release and resorption of theophylline from model rectal suppositories was investigated in a preliminary way. It was established that the original Bulgarian suppository base Novosup ensures higher pharmaceutical and biological availability of theophylline in comparison with other investigated lipophilic bases. The preliminary inclusion of Tween 80 in Witepsol H 15 increased the pharmaceutical and biological availability of the drug.

[Toxicity, tolerance and blood concentrations of iron and tylosin with the use of preparation FV-82].

A pharmacologic evaluation was made of a technologic model of a liquid drug form (code name phi B-82), having the following composition: tylosine tartrate 3500000 UI, cyanocobalamine 0.008 g, pyridoxin hydrochloride 0.500 g, tartaric acid 0.

Compatibility of a new suppository base with certain pharmaceuticals.

The compatibility of the macromolecular product Novosup-78 (mixture of polyethylene glycol esters with the free acids of sunflower oil and lard) with certain drugs relatively widely used in the suppository formulations was studied. By means of the solubility procedure and the UV spectral technique, significant interactions only with definite amounts from both components can take place. A predominant micellar solubilization in Novosup-78 solutions up to 0.

[On a possible mechanism of the gastrointestinal absorption of ionic drugs (author's transl)].

An attempt was made to explain the mechanism of penetration of ionic medicinal substances through the lipoid membranes of the gastrointestinal tract. The equations worked out helped in the determination of constants which support and clarify further the already known concepts about the mechanisms of penetration of ionic drugs through the gastrointestinal tract.