Cancer-directed surgery in patients with metastatic cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized evidence.

Purpose: To assess the impact of primary-site surgery plus systemic therapy compared to systemic therapy alone on overall survival in common metastatic cancer types.

Methods: Data sources included Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science (January 1, 1995-March 22, 2023). Randomized controlled trials were included that enrolled patients diagnosed with the 10 most common de novo metastatic cancer types in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and randomized patients to resection of the primary site and systemic therapy versus systemic treatment alone.

In vivo studies of [125I]iodobenzamide and [11C]iodobenzamide: a ligand suitable for positron emission tomography and single photon emission tomography imaging of cerebral D2 dopamine receptors.

Iodobenzamide (IMB) labeled with either [11C] or [125I] was studied in mice and baboons. Pharmacological studies demonstrated an in vivo binding profile compatible with D2 dopamine receptors. Mouse biodistribution studies with both [11C]IMB and [125I]IMB showed a similar brain distribution of radioactivity.

Effects of endogenous dopamine on kinetics of [3H]N-methylspiperone and [3H]raclopride binding in the rat brain.

Competition by endogenous dopamine with the binding of D2 dopamine receptor ligands may be important in the interpretation of positron emission tomography (PET) neuroreceptor studies. PET studies with N-methylspiperone (NMSP) have revealed increased D2 dopamine receptors in schizophrenia, whereas studies with raclopride (RAC) have not detected such differences. This may be due, at least in part, to differences in competition with endogenous dopamine for ligand binding.

Production of eicosanoids by the killifish gills and opercular epithelia and their effect on active transport of ions.

Gills and opercular epithelia of the killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) homogenized and incubated with radiolabeled arachidonic acid were found to produce prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. These metabolites were identified using thin-layer chromatography, autoradiography, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Addition of glutathione and epinephrine to the incubation mixture caused a diminution in the production of most eicosanoids (cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products) whereas indomethacin decreased only the cyclooxygenase metabolites.

Inhibition of eicosanoid formation by prazosin in the rabbit renal cortex.

The influence of the oral administration of prazosin (an alpha 1-adrenergic blocker) and propranolol (a beta-adrenergic blocker) on eicosanoid formation in renal cortices and papillae was evaluated in rabbits maintained on a high cholesterol diet. Rabbit renal microsomal fractions were incubated with radiolabeled arachidonic acid (AA) and glutathione (GSH) and the levels of metabolites were determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC), autoradiography and reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Rabbits on a high cholesterol diet showed no significant differences in total eicosanoid production compared to rabbits on a normal diet.

[Serial spot roentgenokymography of the lungs].

A procedure employed in examining pulmonary functions with a Soviet-made roentgenokymograph and by using serial roentgenokymography is described. The procedure is relatively simple and can be effectively applied in any X-ray room. Four series of roentgenokymograms showing mid-segments of the both patient's lungs can be obtained on a single film with different respiration rates under physiological conditions and in making functional tests.