Heterogeneous porous hypoxia-mimicking scaffolds propel urethral reconstruction by promoting angiogenesis and regulating inflammation.

The nasty urine microenvironment (UME) impedes neourethral regeneration by inhibiting angiogenesis and inducing an excessive inflammatory response. Cellular adaptation to hypoxia improves regeneration in numerous tissues. In this study, heterogeneous porous hypoxia-mimicking scaffolds were fabricated for urethral reconstruction via promoting angiogenesis and modulating the inflammatory response based on sustained release of dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) to promote HIF-1α stabilization.

A comparative study of two single-stage oral mucosal substitution urethroplasty (Kulkarni and Asopa) in the surgical treatments of lichen sclerosus urethral strictures.

Long-segment lichen sclerosus (LS) urethral stricture is a challenge for urologists. Limited data are available for surgeons to make a surgical decision between Kulkarni and Asopa urethroplasty. In this retrospective study, we investigated the outcomes of these two procedures in patients with LS urethral stricture.

A Modified Bilateral Scrotal Flap for Penile Skin Defect Repair.

Skin shortages and scar contractures are common complications following penile trauma and tumor surgery, resulting in significant pain and erectile dysfunction. Currently, skin grafts and scrotal flaps are widely used to reconstruct skin shortages. However, various limitations still exist; for instance, the skin graft may cause severe scarring in patients, and the traditional scrotal flap usually requires a two-stage procedure due to the large skin defect.

Three new experimental models of anterior urethral stricture in rabbits.

Background: This study describes and compares three surgical procedures for the construction of urethral stricture (US) models in rabbits.

Methods: Forty adult male rabbits were allocated to four groups: 36 rabbits were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, while the remaining 4 were assigned to a sham group. The penis was separated from the rectum.

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy.

Artificial urethral sphincter (AUS) implantation is the definitive management of male stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Under the long-term pressure of the cuff, recurrence of incontinence caused by urethral atrophy can always be observed in patients. In this situation, distal cuff locations are needed, and new cuff sites should be sought in patients who need to undergo AUS reimplantations.

Transcriptome sequencing reveals a lncRNA-mRNA interaction network in extramammary Paget's disease.

Background: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare malignant intraepidermal adenocarcinoma that is poorly understood. Regulatory long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are characterized in many species and shown to be involved in processes such as development and pathologies, revealing a new layer of regulation in different diseases, especially in cancer studies. In the present study, we used high-throughput sequencing to reveal the lncRNA-mRNA interaction network in extramammary Paget's disease.

The penis transposed to the perineum with penile-prostatic anastomotic urethroplasty for the treatment of a long segment complex urethral strictures.

Background: To present our experience of transposing the penis to the perineum, with penile-prostatic anastomotic urethroplasty, for the treatment of complex bulbo-membranous urethral strictures.

Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2018, 20 patients with long segment urethral strictures (mean 8.6 cm, range 7.

Treatments of Peyronie's disease with Scutellaria baicalensis and surgery according to the disease course: a single-center retrospective study of 261 patients.

Background: Oral medication therapies are more conventional than other non-surgical therapies in the acute phase of Peyronie's disease (PD). Although the commonly used oral drugs for PD have shown poor or indeterminate outcomes, most patients prefer oral medications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Scutellaria baicalensis extract for treating acute-phase PD patients and examine the practicality of treatment strategies for PD according to the disease course.

Hypoxia-preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells combined with scaffold promote urethral reconstruction by upregulation of angiogenesis and glycolysis.

Rationale: Tissue engineering is a promising alternative for urethral reconstruction, and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are widely used as seeding cells. Hypoxia preconditioning can significantly enhance the therapeutic effects of ADSCs. The low oxygen tension of postoperative wound healing is inevitable and may facilitate the nutritional function of ADSCs.

An extracellular matrix-mimicking, bilayered, heterogeneous, porous, nanofibrous scaffold for anterior urethroplasty in a rabbit model.

Anterior urethral reconstruction is still a challenging clinical task, and tissue engineering technology offers new options for anterior urethroplasty. In this work, we evaluated an extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking scaffold for anterior urethral reconstruction in a New Zealand white rabbit model. After the creation of a urethral defect, the ECM-mimicking scaffold was applied in six rabbits, and small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was used in three rabbits.

[comIdiopathic scrotal calcinosis: A report of 10 cases and review of the literature].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis and scrotal reconstruction in the treatment of idiopathic scrotal calcinosis (ISC).

Methods: From March 2007 to October 2018, 10 ISC patients, aged 28－79 (mean 45) years and with a disease course of 6－497 (mean 128.4) months, were treated in our hospital.

Staged male genital reconstruction with a local flap and free oral graft: a case report and literature review.

Background: Male genital skin loss is a common disease in urology. However, male genital skin loss accompanying a penile urethra defect is rarely reported. Herein, we describe a novel surgical technique using a composite local flap and oral mucosal graft to reconstruct the penis, which may provide a new solution for patients with similar conditions.

Successful Penile Replantation and the Role of Postreplantation Sildenafil Therapy: Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review.

Penile amputation is a rare clinical emergency necessitating urgent urologic and microsurgical intervention. Microvascular replantation has become a conventional form of management, associated with significantly increased viability of the implanted tissue and a lower rate of complications. However, postreplantation treatment intended to promote early recovery of sexual function has been reported only seldomly.

Posttraumatic Arterial Priapism Treated with Superselective Embolization: Our Clinical Experience and a Review of the Literature.

Introduction: To present 12 cases of arterial priapism treated by superselective embolization and propose our management algorithm for this condition.

Methods: Between February 2013 and May 2018, 12 cases of arterial priapism caused by blunt trauma were treated by superselective embolization. The mean age of patients was 36 years (25-47 years).

[Selective embolization for arterial priapism: A report of 5 cases].

Objective: To introduce our experience in the treatment of arterial priapism by superselective embolization.

Methods: This study included 5 cases of perineal trauma-induced arterial erectile dysfunction treated in our departmentbetween February 2011 and May 2015, all failingpreviously to respond to 3 weeks of conservative treatment. The patients were aged 25－47 (mean 35) years, with the onset of arterial priapism at 2－5 days after trauma, and all subjected to physical examination, blood gas analysis, color Doppler ultrasonography of the corpora cavernosum, and IIEF-5 scoring.

A Comparative study of two types of organ-sparing surgeries for early stage penile cancer: Wide local excision vs partial penectomy.

Introduction: Till date, there have been few reports of comparative studies on the outcomes of these different treatment modalities. In this study, we have aimed to comparatively evaluate the quality-of-life parameters, including sexual function, urinary function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), in patients with early stage penile cancers who underwent two different organ-sparing surgeries.

Material And Methods: From March 2012 to March 2015, we enrolled 15 patients with early stage penile cancers who underwent either wide local excision or partial penectomy as organ-sparing surgical treatments.

The hypospadias classification affected the surgical outcomes of staged oral mucosa graft urethroplasty in hypospadias reoperation: An observational study.

The staged graft urethroplasty is a recommended technique for repairing complex hypospadias. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the outcomes of this technique in hypospadias patients undergoing reoperation and to analyze the underlying contributing factors including age, meatus location, and graft and suture type.We retrospectively analyzed 40 hypospadias patients undergoing reoperation who received a staged oral graft urethroplasty, including 15 buccal mucosal grafts and 25 lingual mucosal grafts.

Cephalometric Analysis of Modifications of the Mandible Due to Reduction Mandibuloplasty in Patients With Prominent Mandibular Angle.

Cephalometry has been used to measure hard and soft facial tissues as well as to conduct the ostectomy to determine the characteristics of the prominent mandibular angles (PMA). The changes produced on the mandibles by reduction mandibuloplasty are not known. The objective of the present study was to identify by cephalometric analysis the anatomical changes of the mandibles that occur in patients with PMA after reduction mandibuloplasty.

Bacterial Cellulose-Based Biomimetic Nanofibrous Scaffold with Muscle Cells for Hollow Organ Tissue Engineering.

In this study, we built a bilayer nanofibrous material by utilizing the gelatinization properties of potato starch (PS) to interrupt bacterial cellulose (BC) assembly during static culture to create more free spaces within the fibrous network. Then, muscle cells were cultured on the loose surface of the BC/PS scaffolds to build biomaterials for hollow organ reconstruction. Our results showed that the BC/PS scaffolds exhibited similar mechanical characters to those in the traditional BC scaffolds.

Urethral Reconstruction with Small Intestinal Submucosa Seeded with Oral Keratinocytes and TIMP-1 siRNA Transfected Fibroblasts in a Rabbit Model.

Background: To evaluate the effect of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 small interfering RNA (TIMP-1 siRNA) transfected fibroblasts (FB) for urethral reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: A ventral urethral mucosal defect was created. Substitution urethroplasty was performed with small intestinal submucosa (SIS) alone (8 rabbits, group 1), autogenic oral keratinocytes (OK)-seeded SIS (8 rabbits, group 2) or autogenic OK and TIMP-1 siRNA transfected FB-seeded SIS (8 rabbits, group 3).