Machine Learning-Based Interfacial Tension Equations for (H + CO)-Water/Brine Systems over a Wide Range of Temperature and Pressure.

Large-scale underground hydrogen storage (UHS) plays a vital role in energy transition. H-brine interfacial tension (IFT) is a crucial parameter in structural trapping in underground geological locations and gas-water two-phase flow in subsurface porous media. On the other hand, cushion gas, such as CO, is often co-injected with H to retain reservoir pressure.