FTO-mediated Nrf2 demethylation alleviates high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification contributes to the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study aimed to reveal the role and downstream regulatory signaling of an m6A demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) in high glucose-induced damage of retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Methods And Results: By stimulating ARPE-19 cells with different concentrations of glucose (0 mM-50 mM), we observed that FTO expression was significantly downregulated, while m6A modification level was upregulated in a glucose concentration-dependent manner in ARPE-19 cells.

HLA-class II restricted TCR targeting human papillomavirus type 18 E7 induces solid tumor remission in mice.

T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cell therapy is a promising potential treatment for solid tumors, with preliminary efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials. However, obtaining clinically effective TCR molecules remains a major challenge. We have developed a strategy for cloning tumor-specific TCRs from long-term surviving patients who have responded to immunotherapy.

Early diagnosis for pulmonary embolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The incidence of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) (especially early diagnosis) has increased annually in recent years, but the diagnosis of APE is a great challenge for every clinician. However, few studies have evaluated multiple diagnostic indicators simultaneously.

Methods: A systematic search was performed using CNKI, Wan fang data, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science for studies on the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism published up to October 31, 2022.

A novel missense mutation in the CRYBA2 caused autosomal dominant presenile cataract in a Chinese family.

Presenile cataract is a relatively rare type of cataract, but its genetic mechanisms are currently not well understood. The precise identification of these causative genes is crucial for effective genetic counseling for patients and their families. The aim of our study was to identify the causative gene associated with presenile cataract in a Chinese family.

Dynamic nomogram prediction model for diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: To develop a dynamic prediction model for diabetic retinopathy (DR) using systemic risk factors.

Methods: This retrospective study included type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients discharged from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between May 2020 and February 2022. The early patients (80%) were used for the training set and the late ones (20%) for the validation set.

Value of digital PCR in the early diagnosis of sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We systematically assessed whether a digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could detect pathogenic microorganisms in patients with sepsis early and accurately.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, CNKI, CBM, and Wanfang Data databases for eligible studies to compare the detection of pathogenic microorganisms in blood samples by digital PCR with the gold standard. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 was used to evaluate bias risk, and a random-effects meta-analysis approach was used for sensitivity and specificity calculations.

Correlation of the detection rate of upper GI cancer with artificial intelligence score: results from a multicenter trial (with video).

Background And Aims: The quality of EGD is a prerequisite for a high detection rate of upper GI lesions, especially early gastric cancer. Our previous study showed that an artificial intelligence system, named intelligent detection endoscopic assistant (IDEA), could help to monitor blind spots and provide an operation score during EGD. Here, we verified the effectiveness of IDEA to help evaluate the quality of EGD in a large-scale multicenter trial.

Interactions between PAMAM-NH and 6-Mercaptopurine: Qualitative and Quantitative NMR studies.

Despite being used as an anti-leukemic drug, the poor solubility of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) limits its use in topical and parenteral applications. Dendrimers are commonly used as drug carriers to improve their solubility in aqueous solution. In this work, the interactions between 6-MP and the amine-terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM-NH ) were investigated by various NMR technology.

d-Glucose Isomerization with PAMAM Dendrimers as Environmentally Friendly Catalysts.

The isomerization of d-glucose to d-fructose plays a key role in the biochemical and chemical conversion of biomass, and it is therefore desirable to develop and improve catalysts for this reaction. In this study, the environmentally friendly polymer poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer's properties as catalysts for this isomerization are investigated. The experimental results showed that the PAMAM dendrimers, which have basic terminal groups, can effectively promote the d-glucose isomerization reaction.

New Insights into the Binding Site and Affinity of the Interaction between Biotin and PAMAMs-NH via NMR Studies.

Biotin-dendrimer conjugates (such as biotin-PAMAMs-NH) are important macromolecules in the field of host-guest chemistry and widely used systems for delivery. The similar chemical structures of the inner and outer layers of PAMAM-NH make it difficult to illuminate the interaction and the binding affinity of biotin-PAMAMs-NH. By utilizing NMR techniques including H NMR titration, CSSF-TOCSY, STDD methods, and 2D DOSY analysis, we demonstrate a method to sort out these interactions.

A Phosphorus-Doped Ag@Pd Catalyst for Enhanced CC Bond Cleavage during Ethanol Electrooxidation.

Ethanol is preferred to be oxidized into CO for the construction of a high-performance direct ethanol fuel cell since this complete ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) transfers 12 electrons. However, this EOR is sluggish and has the low activity as well as poor selectivity. To promote such a favorable EOR, more exactly the cleavage selectivity of CC bonds in ethanol, phosphorus-doped silver-core-and-Pd-shell catalysts (denoted as Ag@PdP) are designed and synthesized.

Overexpression of METTL3 attenuates high-glucose induced RPE cell pyroptosis by regulating miR-25-3p/PTEN/Akt signaling cascade through DGCR8.

Methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3) regulates multiple cell functions and diseases by modulating N-methyladenosine (mA) modifications. However, it is still unclear whether METTL3 involves in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In the present study, we found that high-glucose inhibited RPE cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and pyroptosis in a time-dependent manner.

Development of tumour peptide vaccines: From universalization to personalization.

In recent years, relying on the human immune system to kill tumour cells has become an effective means of cancer treatment. The development of peptide vaccines, which not only break the immune tolerance of a tumour but also attack malignant cells via specific antitumour immunity, has received increased attention in tumour immunization therapy due to their safety and easy preparation. The use of large-scale sequencing technology enables the continuous discovery of new tumour antigens.

High-glucose induces retinal pigment epithelium mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis and inhibits mitophagy by regulating ROS/PINK1/Parkin signal pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) seriously endangers human beings' health, uncovering the underlying mechanism might help to cure DR. In this study, we found that the effects of glucose on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) varies in a dose dependent manner, high-glucose (50mM) promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell apoptosis, inhibits cell mitophagy as well as proliferative abilities, while low-glucose (15mM) induces ROS production and cell mitophagy, but has little impacts on cell apoptosis and proliferation. Of note, the toxic effects of high-glucose (50mM) on RPE are alleviated by ROS scavengers and aggravated by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or mitophagy inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA).

[The research on separating and extracting overlapping spectral feature lines in LIBS using damped least squares method].

In recent years, the technology of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy has been developed rapidly. As one kind of new material composition detection technology, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy can simultaneously detect multi elements fast and simply without any complex sample preparation and realize field, in-situ material composition detection of the sample to be tested. This kind of technology is very promising in many fields.