Association between hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 administration during noncardiac surgery and postoperative acute kidney injury: A propensity score-matched analysis of a large cohort in China.

Study Objective: The use of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 has been linked to renal injury in critically ill patients, but its impact on surgical patients remains uncertain.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Association between the Number of Days/Week of Different Levels of Physical Activity and Chronic Pain in People of Different Races: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Objective: Regular physical activity is beneficial for health, but the effect of the number of days/week of physical activity on chronic pain (CP) remains unclear, so we used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the relationship between the number of days/weeks of different levels of physical activity and chronic pain in people of different races.

Methods: We obtained summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on the number of days/week of physical activity and multisite chronic pain in European, South Asian, East Asian, Middle Eastern, and African American populations. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the exposed data were visualized with a Manhattan plot via the R program.

The L-shaped association of mid-upper arm circumference with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in US adults: a population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: The arm circumference is a feasible and reliable indicator in evaluating the nutritional status of children. However, its application in general adults has yet to be thoroughly investigated.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between mid-upper arm circumferences (MUACs) and mortality in general adults.

Association of Nap Frequency With Hypertension or Ischemic Stroke Supported by Prospective Cohort Data and Mendelian Randomization in Predominantly Middle-Aged European Subjects.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between daytime napping frequency and the incidence of essential hypertension or stroke as well as to validate causality in this relationship via Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: We conducted Cox regression analysis on 358 451 participants free of hypertension or stroke from UK Biobank. To validate the results of the observational analysis, we conducted a 2-sample MR for daytime napping frequency (123 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) with essential hypertension in FinnGen Biobank, stroke, and ischemic stroke in MEGASTROKE consortium and performed a corresponding 1-sample MR on the UK Biobank data.

Identification of Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers From Circulating Cells During the Course of Sleep Deprivation-Related Myocardial Infarction Based on Bioinformatics Analyses.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death from non-infectious diseases worldwide and results in rapid deterioration due to the sudden rupture of plaques associated with atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease. Sleep is a key factor that regulates immune homeostasis of the body. The imbalance in circulating immune cells caused by sleep deprivation (SD) may represent a risk factor leading to the rapid deterioration of plaques and MI.

Association of both prenatal and early childhood multiple metals exposure with neurodevelopment in infant: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Impaired neurodevelopment of children has become a growing public concern; however, the associations between metals exposure and neurocognitive function have remained largely unknown.

Objectives: We systematically evaluated the associations of multiple metals exposure during pregnancy and childhood on the neurodevelopment of children aged 2-3 years.

Methods: We measured 22 metals in the serum and urine among703 mother-child pairs from the Guangxi Birth Cohort Study.

Nontrivial amplification below the threshold for excitable cell signaling.

In many asymptotically stable fluid systems, arbitrarily small fluctuations can grow by orders of magnitude before eventually decaying, dramatically enhancing the fluctuation variance beyond the minimum predicted by linear stability theory. Here using influential quantitative models drawn from the mathematical biology literature, we establish that dramatic amplification of arbitrarily small fluctuations is found in excitable cell signaling systems as well. Our analysis highlights how positive and negative feedback, proximity to bifurcations, and strong separation of timescales can generate nontrivial fluctuations without nudging these systems across their excitation thresholds.