Human Joint Angle Estimation Using Deep Learning-Based Three-Dimensional Human Pose Estimation for Application in a Real Environment.

Human pose estimation (HPE) is a technique used in computer vision and artificial intelligence to detect and track human body parts and poses using images or videos. Widely used in augmented reality, animation, fitness applications, and surveillance, HPE methods that employ monocular cameras are highly versatile and applicable to standard videos and CCTV footage. These methods have evolved from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) pose estimation.

Corrigendum: Transcriptional inhibition of STAT1 functions in the nucleus alleviates Th1 and Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.

Transcriptional inhibition of STAT1 functions in the nucleus alleviates Th1 and Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.

T helper 1 cells (Th1 cells) and T helper 17 cells (Th17 cells) play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) regulates the Th1 and Th17 cell lineage commitment at an early stage and maintains their immunological functions and . The previous strategies to block STAT1 functions to treat autoimmune diseases inhibit Th1 cell activity but simultaneously cause hyper-activation of Th17 cells.

Turning reveals the characteristics of gait freezing better than walking forward and backward in Parkinson's disease.

Backgrounds: People with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiences walking disturbances and freezing of gait (FoG) is one of the most distressing symptoms.

Research Question: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the walking characteristics of patients with PD, including forward and backward walking and turning, in order to define the characteristics of FoG.

Methods: A total of 68 patients with PD and 14 control subjects were enrolled in this study.

High Rate of False Negative Diagnosis of Silent Patent Ductus Arteriosus on the Chest CT with 3 mm Slice-Thickness, Suggesting the Need for Analysis with Thinner Slice Thickness.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of patent with ductus arteriosus (PDA) based on the availability of pretest information on routine chest CT with 3 mm slice-thickness. We retrospectively evaluated CT of 64 patients with PDA. The enrolled patients were categorized as group 1 (presence of pretest information) and 2 (absence of pretest information, silent PDA).

The effect of levodopa on bilateral coordination and gait asymmetry in Parkinson's disease using inertial sensor.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of levodopa on the phase coordination index (PCI) and gait asymmetry (GA) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to investigate correlations between the severity of motor symptoms and gait parameters measured using an inertial sensor. Twenty-six patients with mild-to-moderate-stage PD who were taking levodopa participated in this study. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS III) was used to assess the severity of motor impairment.

Effect of knee extensor fatigue level and sex on bilateral jump-landing.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fatigue level and sex on the range of motions of the lower extremities and impulses during the jump-landing phase after performing bilateral fatiguing tasks.

Methods: In total, 41 healthy young adults volunteered for this study. Participants' jump-landing trajectories were monitored using nine cameras, and ground reaction forces were measured using a force plate.

Clinical Significance of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Acute Pediatric Diarrhea.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of inflammatory biomarkers in acute infectious diarrhea among children.

Methods: Clinical parameters including fever, bacterial and viral etiology based on stool culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction, and nine biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and leukocytes in blood and calprotectin, lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase, polymorphonuclear elastase, leukocytes, and occult blood in feces were evaluated in children who were hospitalized due to acute diarrhea without underlying disease.

Results: A total of 62 patients were included.

Risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection in children in South Korea.

Objectives: In South Korea, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening is a critical strategy associated with efforts to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis (TB). Currently, only children with a known history of TB contact are considered as pediatric high-risk groups for LTBI, and consequently, LTBI screening is only provided to these children. However, to reduce the incidence of TB, the high-risk groups that undergo LTBI screening should be expanded.

Postural stability for taekwondo athletes with repetitive ankle sprains during a single-leg stance.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to investigate postural stability in such group of taekwondo athletes by measuring the center-of-pressure variables in both the injured limb and uninjured limb during a single-leg stance with eyes closed. [Subjects and Methods] The study includes eleven taekwondo athletes with repetitive ankle sprains (RASs) and eleven healthy taekwondo athletes (the controls) at the college level participating in taekwondo training sessions. For the controls, the "injured" limb was taken to be the left limb.

Impacts of freezing of gait on forward and backward gait in Parkinson's disease.

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a major risk factor for falls and fall-related injuries in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The characteristics of gait in PD patients with FOG have been studied but remain controversial. To investigate gait characteristics of FOG in PD, this study analyzed the forward and backward walking of patients with PD.

Depression and posture in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Depression is an important non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) that significantly impacts the daily activities of affected patients. Furthermore, the stooped posture that characterizes patients with PD has also been associated with depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the presence of depressive symptoms and body posture in patients with PD.

Serum interleukin-6 levels as an indicator of aseptic meningitis among children with enterovirus 71-induced hand, foot and mouth disease.

Objectives: The enterovirus EV71 is a major pathogen of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. Aseptic meningitis is the most common neurologic complication of EV71-induced HFMD. Lumbar puncture is a crucial procedure in the diagnosis of aseptic meningitis.

The effect of knee flexor and extensor fatigue on shock absorption during cutting movements after a jump landing.

Background: Sporting situations include instances of continuous and/or integrated movements. However, the effect of fatigue on the performance of these movements remains unclear.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of knee flexor and extensor fatigue on the shock absorption strategy of the lower limb during cutting movements performed after jump landings.

Effects of chronic ankle instability and induced mediolateral muscular fatigue of the ankle on competitive taekwondo athletes.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic ankle instability and induced mediolateral muscular fatigue of the ankle on competitive Taekwondo athletes during single-leg drop landing. [Subjects and Methods] Fourteen competitive taekwondo athletes with chronic ankle instability and 14 healthy adults participated, and they performed three single-leg drop landings from a 40-cm height before and after induced fatigue. Ankle angular position, peak vertical ground reaction force, loading rate, eccentric work, and contribution were calculated and analyzed.

Evaluation of the turning characteristics according to the severity of Parkinson disease during the timed up and go test.

Background: Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) experience problems such as falls and freezing of gait during walking and turning in daily activities. However, few studies have examined the relationship between simultaneous turning tasks and the severity of PD.

Aim: To investigate turning characteristics in patients with PD using three-dimensional (3D) analysis during the timed up and go (TUG) test.