An Atypical Form of Diabetes Among Individuals With Low BMI.

Objective: Diabetes among individuals with low BMI (<19 kg/m2) has been recognized for >60 years as a prevalent entity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and was formally classified as "malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus" by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1985. Since the WHO withdrew this category in 1999, our objective was to define the metabolic characteristics of these individuals to establish that this is a distinct form of diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: State-of-the-art metabolic studies were used to characterize Indian individuals with "low BMI diabetes" (LD) in whom all known forms of diabetes were excluded by immunogenetic analysis.

Differentials in dietary intake of macro and micronutrients in patients with type 2 diabetes and foot ulcers: Observations from a pilot study.

Background And Aim: The dietary profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from Southern India have been infrequently studied. We aimed to study the differences in dietary intake of macro and micronutrients in elderly patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with and without foot ulcers.

Methods: Elderly patients with T2DM and foot ulcers (n = 79; mean age: 60.

Obesity Indicators and Health-related Quality of Life - Insights from a Cohort of Morbidly Obese, Middle-aged South Indian Women.

Objective: The global prevalence of obesity is increasing and has nearly doubled in the last decade, disproportionately impacting less-developed countries. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyse health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in morbidly obese women attending a bariatric clinic in India, and assess potential obesity indicators that can be utilised in under-resourced settings, to better understand HRQOL of individual patients.

Methods: Anthropometric measurements were collected, including waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio and body mass index (BMI).

Medical nutrition therapy of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus in India: Unique aspects and challenges.

Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a vital aspect of management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and should be tailored to ethnic and family traditions and the socioeconomic and educational status of the patient. In this article, we discuss the unique aspects of MNT in children and adolescents with T1DM in the Indian setting, with focus on the challenges faced by patients, dieticians and physicians and how these can be overcome. The authors reviewed the available literature on MNT in T1DM from India and prepared the document based on their vast collective clinical experience in treating patients with T1DM from different regions in India.

How Adequate are Macro- and Micronutrient Intake in Pregnant Women with Diabetes Mellitus? A Study from South India.

Background: Diabetes is the most common condition in pregnancy with a worldwide prevalence of 16.9%.

Aim: To determine the adequacy of the nutrient intake of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus.

Psychiatric Burden in the Morbidly Obese in Multidisciplinary Bariatric Clinic in South India.

Background: Obesity is a global epidemic. Bariatric surgery is being considered as the treatment of choice in morbid obesity. Psychiatric comorbidity affects outcomes in this population.

Indirect Calorimetry: From Bench to Bedside.

Accurate determination of energy expenditure (EE) is vitally important yet often neglected in clinical practice. Indirect calorimetry (IC) provides one of the most sensitive, accurate, and noninvasive measurements of EE in an individual. Over the last couple of decades, this technique has been applied to clinical circumstances such as acute illness and parenteral nutrition.

Are Predictive Equations for Estimating Resting Energy Expenditure Accurate in Asian Indian Male Weightlifters?

Background: The accuracy of existing predictive equations to determine the resting energy expenditure (REE) of professional weightlifters remains scarcely studied. Our study aimed at assessing the REE of male Asian Indian weightlifters with indirect calorimetry and to compare the measured REE (mREE) with published equations. A new equation using potential anthropometric variables to predict REE was also evaluated.

Fluid overload is an independent risk factor for acute kidney injury in critically Ill patients: results of a cohort study.

Background: Acute Kidney injury (AKI) is common and increases mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU). We carried out this study to explore whether fluid overload is an independent risk factor for AKI.

Methods: Single-center prospective, observational study.

Demographic details, clinical features, and nutritional characteristics of young adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus - A South Indian tertiary center experience.

Context: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) accounts for 5-10% of all diagnosed diabetes and the highest incidence is found in India.

Aims: The main objectives were to study the demographic, clinical, and nutritional characteristics of young adults with T1DM and its effect glycosylated hemoglobin levels.

Subjects And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among young adults with T1DM (18-45 years of age) in a tertiary hospital in South India.

Determinants of Deescalation Failure in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction. Deescalation refers to either discontinuation or a step-down of antimicrobials. Despite strong recommendations in the Surviving Sepsis Guidelines (2012) to deescalate, actual practices can vary.

Measurement of the vascular pedicle width predicts fluid repletion: a cross-sectional comparison with inferior vena cava ultrasound and lung comets.

Background: Determination of a patient's volume status remains challenging. Ultrasound assessments of the inferior vena cava and lung parenchyma have been shown to reflect fluid status when compared to the more traditional static and dynamic methods. Yet, resource-limited intensive care units (ICUs) may still not have access to bedside ultrasound.

Chloride-liberal fluids are associated with acute kidney injury after liver transplantation.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently after liver transplantation and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Recent evidence has linked the predominant usage of 'chloride-liberal' intravenous fluids, such as 0.9% saline to the development of renal dysfunction in general critically ill patients.

Resting energy expenditure in subjects with fibro-calculous pancreatic diabetes.

Background: Fibro-calculous pancreatic diabetes is an indigenous disorder present in populations largely in tropical regions. Energy expenditure through indirect calorimetry has not been studied in this disorder and may provide important clues as to the pathogenesis of diabetes in these patients.

Methods: A total of 51 males in three groups comprising fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) (group 1; n = 24), type 2 diabetes (group 2; n = 15) and healthy controls (group 3; n = 12) were studied.

Summary of the causative and treatment factors of diarrhea and the use of a diarrhea assessment and treatment tool to improve patient outcomes.

This article is a review of the causative factors and pharmacologic treatments of diarrhea. This information was incorporated into a Diarrhea Assessment and Treatment Tool (DATT) to guide clinicians on comprehensive diarrhea assessment and current treatment recommendations. The tool was utilized at a university-affiliated oncology institution by a clinical nurse specialist on 26 patients as a performance improvement project.

The cholesterol lowering property of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum): mechanism of action.

Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) has been documented as a traditional treatment for cholesterol and diabetes patients. In the present study, coriander seeds incorporated into diet and the effect of the administration of coriander seeds on the metabolism of lipids was studied in rats, fed with high fat diet and added cholesterol. The seeds had a significant hypolipidemic action.

Changes in the level of transaminases in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita exposed to sublethal concentration of tannery and distillery effluents.

The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) of different tissues of fingerlings of Labeo rohita under the influence of two effluents has been studied. The alanine aminotransferase activity was increased over the control in different exposed periods of tannery and distillery effluent treatments. The alanine aminotransferase in the liver showed increased activity at different periods than that of the muscle, kidney, gill and brain (p < 0.