Low-Intensity Continuous Ultrasound Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Curcumin-Encapsulated Exosomes Derived from Hypoxic Liver Cancer Cells via Homotropic Drug Delivery Systems.

Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles secreted by cells that efficiently deliver therapeutic cargo for cancer treatment. However, because exosomes are present in low quantities and have limited target specificity, internal and external stress stimulation has been studied to increase exosome efficiency. Inspired by these studies, the uptake efficiency of cobalt chloride-induced hypoxic cancer cell-secreted exosomes was evaluated.

Hydrodistillate and Its Major Component Damulin B Promote Hair Growth-Inducing Properties In Vivo and In Vitro via the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Dermal Papilla Cells.

Alopecia, a prevalent yet challenging condition with limited FDA-approved treatments which is accompanied by notable side effects, necessitates the exploration of natural alternatives. This study elucidated the hair growth properties of leaf hydrodistillate (GPHD) both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, damulin B, a major component of GPHD, demonstrated hair growth-promoting properties in vitro.

A Hydrodistillate of and Damulin B Prevent Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity In Vitro and In Vivo via Regulation of AMPKα1 Transcription.

The clinical application of cisplatin, one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents used to treat various cancers, has been limited by the risk of adverse effects, notably nephrotoxicity. Despite intensive research for decades, there are no effective approaches for alleviating cisplatin nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of a Gynostemma pentaphyllum leaves hydrodistillate (GPHD) and its major component, damulin B, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.

Beta-naphthoflavone and doxorubicin synergistically enhance apoptosis in human lung cancer cells by inducing doxorubicin accumulation, mitochondrial ROS generation, and JNK pathway signaling.

Doxorubicin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents available for treating various cancers, including lung cancer-the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. However, its clinical application has been impeded by severe adverse effects, notably cardiotoxicity. Development of cellular resistance to doxorubicin is another major obstacle that must be overcome for broader application of the drug.

Melatonin and doxorubicin synergistically enhance apoptosis via autophagy-dependent reduction of AMPKα1 transcription in human breast cancer cells.

Doxorubicin is one of the most effective agents used to treat various cancers, including breast cancer, but its usage is limited by the risk of adverse effects, including cardiotoxicity. Melatonin, a natural hormone that functions as a major regulator of circadian rhythms, has been considered a supplemental component for doxorubicin due to its potential to improve its effectiveness. However, the mechanisms and biological targets of the combination of melatonin and doxorubicin with respect to cancer cell death are not well understood.

Melatonin prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through suppression of AMPKα2-dependent mitochondrial damage.

The clinical application of doxorubicin, one of the most effective anticancer drugs, has been limited due to its adverse effects, including cardiotoxicity. One of the hallmarks of doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity is mitochondrial dysfunction. Despite intensive research over recent decades, there are no effective approaches for alleviating doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity.

Jeju Magma-Seawater Inhibits α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis via CaMKKβ-AMPK Signaling Pathways in B16F10 Melanoma Cells.

Melanin protects skin from ultraviolet radiation, toxic drugs, and chemicals. Its synthesis is sophisticatedly regulated by multiple mechanisms, including transcriptional and enzymatic controls. However, uncontrolled excessive production of melanin can cause serious dermatological disorders, such as freckles, melasma, solar lentigo, and cancer.

Anti-obesity Effect of Fermented Persimmon Extracts via Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase.

There is significant cultivation of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) in East Asia, a plant whose fruit has abundant nutrients, including vitamins, polyphenols, and dietary fiber. Persimmon dietary supplements can benefit health by amelioration of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. There are also persimmon-based beverages produced via fermentation, such as wines and vinegars, and increasing consumption of these products in East Asia.