The improvement of -sorghum co-fermentation in terms of microbial diversity, functional ingredients, and volatile flavor components during Baijiu fermentation.

The quality of Baijiu was largely affected by raw materials, which determine the flavor and taste. In the present study, organic acids, polyphenols, volatile flavor components and microbial community in -sorghum co-fermented Baijiu (JP1) and pure sorghum-fermented Baijiu (JP2) were comprehensively analyzed. Organic acids, polyphenols and volatile flavor components in JP1 were more abundant than JP2.

Current status of health systems financing and oversight for end-stage kidney disease care: a cross-sectional global survey.

Objectives: The Global Kidney Health Atlas (GKHA) is a multinational, cross-sectional survey designed to assess the current capacity for kidney care across all world regions. The 2017 GKHA involved 125 countries and identified significant gaps in oversight, funding and infrastructure to support care for patients with kidney disease, especially in lower-middle-income countries. Here, we report results from the survey for the second iteration of the GKHA conducted in 2018, which included specific questions about health financing and oversight of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) care worldwide.

Simultaneous remediation and fertility improvement of heavy metals contaminated soil by a novel composite hydrogel synthesized from food waste.

Soil contamination by heavy metals constitutes a serious global environmental problem, and numerous remediation technologies have been developed. In this study, a novel soil remediation agent, namely composite hydrogel (leftover rice-g-poly(acrylic acid)/montmorillonite/Urea, LR-g-PAA/MMT/urea), was prepared based on free radical polymerization cross-linking technology. Experimental results indicated that the LR-g-PAA/MMT/urea dosage increased from 0% to 10%, the oxidizable state proportions of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in contaminated soil increased from 8.

A Host-Guest Interaction-Based and Metal-Organic Gel-Based Biosensor with Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence Enhancement for Methyltransferase Assay.

Metal-organic gels (MOGs) are new soft materials with the characteristics of high colloidal stability, superb luminescence properties, and facile synthesis. Herein, we develop for the first time a host-guest interaction-based and MOG-based biosensor with aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) enhancement for M.SssI methyltransferase (M.

Inhibitory effect of edible natural compounds with di- and tri-carboxyl moiety on endogenous protease inducing disassembly and degradation of myofibrils from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Inhibition of endogenous protease is a rapid and feasible approach to control the proteolysis proceeding of post mortem fish flesh. In the present study, the in vitro inhibitory effects of common edible di- and tri-carboxylic acids and salts on endogenous proteolytic activities as well as myofibrillar disassembly and degradation mediated by crude enzyme of grass carp muscle were investigated. The results showed that among the compounds tested, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid and malic acid were the most effective inhibitor for cathepsin B, L and calpain, with IC ranging from 7.

Host-guest recognition coupled with triple signal amplification endows an electrochemiluminescent biosensor with enhanced sensitivity.

We demonstrate for the first time that host-guest recognition coupled with triple signal amplification endows an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) biosensor with enhanced sensitivity for uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) assay. This biosensor exhibits good selectivity and extremely high sensitivity, and it can be used to screen UDG inhibitors and measure the cellular UDG activity as well.

Low-background electrochemical biosensor for one-step detection of base excision repair enzyme.

We develop a low-background electrochemical biosensor for one-step detection of uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) based on the host-guest interaction and iron-embedded nitrogen-rich carbon nanotube (Fe-N-C) that mimics enzyme-mediated electrocatalysis to achieve signal amplification. In this work, Fe-N-C is initially immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode, followed by the immobilization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). We construct the signal probes by assembling the methylene blue (MB)-labeled hairpin DNAs onto the surface of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form the MB-hairpin/AuNP probes.