Exploring structural variances in monatomic metallic glasses using machine learning and molecular dynamics simulation.

Context: BCC and FCC metals have different glass-forming abilities (GFA) and exhibit different characteristics during the glass transition. However, the structural origin of their different GFAs is still not clear. Here, we explored the structures of eight monatomic metallic glasses by combining molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and machine learning (ML).

Apoptosis, inflammatory and innate immune responses induced by infection with a novel goose astrovirus in goose embryonic kidney cells.

Introduction: Since 2016, a highly lethal visceral gout induced by infection with the novel goose astrovirus (GoAstV) resulted in an ongoing outbreak in goslings in China, with a mortality rate ranging from 10% to 50%, and causing considerable economic losses in the goose industry. However, the pathogenesis of GoAstV and the molecular mechanism by which kidney lesions are induced by GoAstV infection are unclear.

Methods: In the present study, a GEK cell infection model for GoAstV was established, and the apoptosis, inflammatory and innate immune responses induced by GoAstV were investigated in GEK cells.

Glycerol-derived reuterin regulates human intestinal microbiota and metabolites.

Reuterin, a mixture of different forms of 3-hydroxypropanal (3-HPA), including HPA hydrate and HPA dimer, is an antimicrobial compound converted from glycerol by . Although its antimicrobial function may be related to its interaction with thiol groups, its temperature stability and effect on the gut environment remain unclear. The present study evaluated the antimicrobial effects and activity of reuterin against and .

Angiopoietin-1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in a Hirschsprung's disease murine model by improving intestinal vascular integrity: implications for treating postoperative Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis.

Purpose: Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) mitigates inflammation as a proangiogenic growth factor. Action of Ang1 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemic inflammation was investigated in endothelin receptor-B null Hirschsprung's disease mice (KO).

Methods: LPS or saline was injected intraperitoneally in KO (KO-LPS; n = 9, KO-sal; n = 5) and wild-type (WT) (WT-LPS; n = 6, WT-sal; n = 6) pups obtained within 24 h of birth.

Evaluation of Tembusu virus single-round infectious particle as vaccine vector in chickens.

Orthoflaviviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses characterized by highly efficient self-amplification of RNA in host cells, which makes them attractive vehicles for vaccines. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of orthoflavivirus replicon vectors for vaccine development. In this study, we constructed Tembusu virus (TMUV) replicon-based single-round infectious particles (SRIPs) as vaccine development platform.

Isolation, identification, and epidemiological characteristics of goose astrovirus causing acute gout in Guangdong province, China.

Goose astrovirus (GAstV) has been widespread in China since 2016, causing significant growth inhibition and gout symptoms in goslings and leading to substantial economic losses in the goose industry. To better understand the epidemiological characteristics of GAstV in Guangdong Province, 682 samples were collected from geese with suspected GAstV infection across different regions of Guangdong Province from January 2022 to January 2024. Virus isolation, identification, and genetic evolution analysis were performed.

Cellular vimentin interacts with VP70 protein of goose astrovirus genotype 2 and acts as a structural organizer to facilitate viral replication.

The fatal gouty disease caused by goose astrovirus genotype 2 (GAstV-2) still seriously endangers the goose industry in China, causing great economic losses. However, research on its infection mechanism has progressed relatively slowly. VP70 is the structural protein of GAstV-2 and is closely related to virus invasion and replication.

Prevalence, genomic characteristics, and pathogenicity of fowl adenovirus 2 in Southern China.

In recent years, the occurrence of fowl adenovirus 2 (FAdV-2) has been on the rise in China, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, phylogenetic relationship, genomic characteristics, and pathogenicity of FAdV-2. The epidemiological analysis revealed the detection of multiple FAdV serotypes, including FAdV-1, FAdV-2, FAdV-3, FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11 serotypes.

Cryo-EM structure of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.

The severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tick-borne human-infecting bunyavirus, which utilizes two envelope glycoproteins, Gn and Gc, to enter host cells. However, the structure and organization of these glycoproteins on virion surface are not yet known. Here we describe the structure of SFTSV determined by single particle reconstruction, which allows mechanistic insights into bunyavirus assembly at near-atomic resolution.

Chicken-origin Cluster 3.2 Tembusu virus exhibits higher infectivity than duck-origin Cluster 2 Tembusu virus in chicks.

In 2020, a chicken-origin Cluster 3 Tembusu virus (TMUV) caused outbreaks of a disease characterized by egg-drop syndrome in laying hens in China. In the present study, a TMUV strain, TMUV-GX, was isolated from tissue samples of laying hens with egg drop syndrome in south China. Phylogenetic analysis grouped TMUV-GX into TMUV Cluster 3.

A Review of the Emerging Poultry Visceral Gout Disease Linked to Avian Astrovirus Infection.

Avian astroviruses, including chicken astrovirus (CAstV), avian nephritisvirus (ANV), and goose astrovirus (GoAstV), are ubiquitous enteric RNA viruses associated with enteric disorders in avian species. Recent research has found that infection of these astroviruses usually cause visceral gout in chicken, duckling and gosling. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown.

Molecular dynamics simulation of minor Zr addition on short and medium-range orders of Cu-Zr metallic glass.

The compositional dependence of the atomic structure and glass-forming ability (GFA) was systematically studied in a binary alloy series CuZr (x = 0.5, 1.0, 2.

A Review of Emerging Goose Astrovirus Causing Gout.

In recent years, an infection in geese caused by goose astrovirus (GAstV) has repeatedly occurred in coastal areas of China and rapidly spread to inland provinces. The infection is characterized by joint and visceral gout and is fatal. The disease has caused huge economic losses to China's goose industry.

The first complete genome sequence and pathogenicity characterization of fowl adenovirus serotype 2 with inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium in China.

Since 2015, fowl adenovirus (FAdV) has been frequently reported worldwide, causing serious economic losses to the poultry industry. In this study, a FAdV-2, namely GX01, was isolated from liver samples of chickens with hepatitis and hydropericardium in Guangxi Province, China. The complete genome sequence of GX01 was determined about 43,663 base pairs (bp) with 53% G+C content.

Influence of the interatomic repulsive hardness on the microstructure and dynamics of CuZr metallic glasses.

The influence of the interatomic repulsive hardness (RH) on the microstructure and dynamics of CuZr metallic glass is studied by the molecular dynamics simulation method. By constructing potential energy functions that characterize different RH, we calculated their atomic diffusion coefficients, thermal expansion coefficients, radial distribution functions, fivefold symmetry order, and other related structural properties during the quenching process. We found that the atomic diffusion coefficients and thermal expansion coefficients decrease with RH, and the variation of radial distribution functions with temperatures becomes slower in softer RH.

Identification of coronaviruses in farmed wild animals reveals their evolutionary origins in Guangdong, southern China.

Coronavirus infections cause diseases that range from mild to severe in mammals and birds. In this study, we detected coronavirus infections in 748 farmed wild animals of 23 species in Guangdong, southern China, by RT-PCR and metagenomic analysis. We identified four coronaviruses in these wild animals and analysed their evolutionary origins.

Development of a Cleaved Probe-Based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of African Swine Fever Virus.

African Swine Fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious and lethal viral disease of pigs. However, commercial vaccines are not yet available, and neither are drugs to prevent or control ASF. Therefore, rapid, accurate on-site diagnosis is urgently needed for detection during the early stages of ASFV infection.

First Identification and Genetic Characterization of a Novel Duck Astrovirus in Ducklings in China.

Four divergent groups of duck astroviruses (DAstVs) have been identified that infect domestic ducks. In March 2021, a fatal disease characterized by visceral urate deposition broke out in 5-day-old Beijing ducks on a commercial farm in Guangdong province, China. We identified a novel duck astrovirus from the ducklings suffering from gout disease.

Isolation and characterization of a new goose orthoreovirus causing liver and spleen focal necrosis in geese, China.

Since July 2020, an infectious disease characterized by liver and spleen white focal necrosis has been spreading widely through geese farms in many regions of China. A novel goose orthoreovirus (GRV), designated GRV-GD2020, was isolated from the liver and spleen of dead geese. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparison revealed that all the genes of GRV-GD2020 clustered with other waterfowl-origin orthoreovirus.

Isolation and partial genetic characterization of a new duck adenovirus in China.

A novel duck adenovirus, isolated from Jinding Ducks(Anas platyrhynchos domestica), was proposed to be duck adenovirus 4 (DAdV-4), extending the genus Aviadenovirus. In this study, we sequenced the central genome part from Iva2 gene to fiber gene of the DAdV-4 that is conserved in all adenovirus genera. Phylogenetic analysis and protease cleavage site analysis verified the classification of DAdV-4 in the genus Aviadenovirus.

Newcastle disease virus RNA-induced IL-1β expression via the NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection causes severe inflammation and is a highly contagious disease in poultry. Virulent NDV strains (GM) induce large quantities of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which is the central mediator of the inflammatory reaction. Excessive expression of IL-1β exacerbates inflammatory damage.