Sextuple knockouts of a highly conserved and coexpressed AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID gene set confer shade avoidance-like responses in Arabidopsis.

AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACIDs are transcriptional repressors for auxin signalling. Aux/IAAs of Arabidopsis thaliana display some functional redundancy. The IAA3/SHY2 clade (IAA1, IAA2, IAA3 and IAA4) show strong sequence similarity, but no higher-order mutants have been reported.

Mesoscopic model and flow characteristics of sequential double chord grid wires.

The crushing of beneficiation plants will produce a large amount of dust containing hot air flow, seriously polluting the atmospheric environment if discharged directly without treatment. The key to control is to dust and cool the exhaust. In order to improve the efficiency of the device, the airflow disturbance between the chord grid should be enhanced to promote the collision probability between the dust and the droplet and the surface of the chord grid.

proliferative basal cells promote epidermal hyperplasia in chronic dry skin disease identified by single-cell RNA transcriptomics.

Pathological dry skin is a disturbing and intractable healthcare burden, characterized by epithelial hyperplasia and severe itch. Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis models with complications of dry skin have been studied using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). However, scRNA-seq analysis of the dry skin mouse model (acetone/ether/water (AEW)-treated model) is still lacking.

Overcoming the fluorescent interference during Raman spectroscopy detection of microplastics.

Owing to environmental concerns, microplastics pollution has been the object of increasing attention. Currently, the chemical composition of microplastics is commonly detected using Raman spectroscopy. Nevertheless, the Raman spectra of microplastics may be overlaid by signals derived from additives (e.

Hypothalamic warm-sensitive neurons require TRPC4 channel for detecting internal warmth and regulating body temperature in mice.

Precise monitoring of internal temperature is vital for thermal homeostasis in mammals. For decades, warm-sensitive neurons (WSNs) within the preoptic area (POA) were thought to sense internal warmth, using this information as feedback to regulate body temperature (T). However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which WSNs measure temperature remain largely undefined.

Function, Mechanism, and Application of Plant Melatonin: An Update with a Focus on the Cereal Crop, Barley ( L.).

Melatonin is a multiple-function molecule that was first identified in animals and later in plants. Plant melatonin regulates versatile processes involved in plant growth and development, including seed germination, root architecture, flowering time, leaf senescence, fruit ripening, and biomass production. Published reviews on plant melatonin have been focused on two model plants: (1) Arabidopsis and (2) rice, in which the natural melatonin contents are quite low.

MiR-205-5p promotes lung cancer progression and is valuable for the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as potential diagnostic biomarkers in various cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of miR-205-5p in lung cancer progression and diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: MiR-205-5p was detected by quantitative real-time PCR.

Diastereoselective Generation of C-Azlactonized 2-Chromenes via Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Oxo-Cyclization of Propargyl Alcohols.

A new Brønsted acid-catalyzed oxo-cyclization of propargyl alcohols with azlactones to synthesize C-azlactonized 2-chromenes has been established that uses 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diyl hydrogen phosphate (BiNPOH) as the catalyst and gives excellent diastereoselectivities (≥19:1 dr) in most cases. This protocol has a high compatibility with various substituents of substrates, offering a catalytic and useful entry to the fabrication of the synthetically important C-functionalized 2-chromene scaffold.

Circ-Sirt1 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation via the c-Myc/cyclin B1 axis.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are an important cellular component of the vascular wall. Restenosis is mainly due to VSMC excessive proliferation. However, little is known about the role of circRNAs in VSMC proliferation and phenotypic switching.

Delivery of miR-320a-3p by gold nanoparticles combined with photothermal therapy for directly targeting Sp1 in lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the second most common tumor and has the highest mortality rate. Both novel therapeutic targets and approaches are needed to improve the overall survival of patients with lung cancer. MicroRNA-320a-3p belongs to the miR-320a family and has been reported as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers.

Disrupting phosphorylation of Tyr-1070 at GluN2B selectively produces resilience to depression-like behaviors.

Drugs targeting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) have been approved to treat major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the presence of undesirable psychotomimetic and cognitive side effects may limit their utility. In this study, we show that the phosphorylation levels of the GluN2B subunit at tyrosine (Y) 1070 increase in mice after both acute and chronic restraint stress (CRS) exposure. Preventing GluN2B-Y1070 phosphorylation via Y1070F mutation knockin produces effects similar to those of antidepressants but does not affect cognitive or anxiety-related behaviors in subject mice.

Evaluation of the TRPM protein family as potential biomarkers for various types of human cancer using public database analyses.

The Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin (TRPM) protein family members have been demonstrated to be involved in a variety of different types of human cancer. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has not yet been a systematic study regarding the mRNA expression of the TRPM protein family or its prognostic value in human cancer. The present study investigated TRPM expression and its prognostic value in various human cancer types via the Oncomine database, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and the PrognoScan and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases.

Remdesivir for severe covid-19: a clinical practice guideline.

Clinical Question: What is the role of remdesivir in the treatment of severe covid-19? This guideline was triggered by the ACTT-1 trial published in the on 22 May 2020.

Current Practice: Remdesivir has received worldwide attention as a potentially effective treatment for severe covid-19. After rapid market approval in the US, remdesivir is already being used in clinical practice.

Ligand-Free Pd-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3-Allylbenzofurans by Merging Decarboxylative Allylation and Nucleophilic Cyclization.

A new single Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative allylation-nucleophilic cyclization relay is reported by using α-alkynyl arylols and vinylethylene carbonates (or vinyl carbamates), and a wide range of 3-allyl benzofurans with generally good yields were stereoselectively synthesized under mild conditions, among which the complete stereoselectivity of some cases was also observed. Notably, the present catalysts can tolerate air conditions without any ligand, additive, or base, opening new avenues to build up oxa-heterocycle frameworks through catalytic difunctionalization of internal alkynes.

Synthesis of Diastereoenriched 1-Indanones via Double-Base Cooperatively Promoted 1,4--Migration/Cyclization of β-Alkynyl Ketones.

A double-base copromoted 1,4--migration/cyclization cascade of β-alkynyl ketones was reported, enabling to form a range of functionalized 1-indanones with moderate to good yields and high diastereoselectivity in the presence of -BuOK as a Brønsted base and ,'-dimethylethanediamine (DMEDA) as a Lewis base. Some of these 1-indanones were successfully transformed into 2-haloethyl benzoates with one all-carbon quaternary stereocenter by 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) or 1,2-dibromoethane (DBE) as both a reactant and a reaction media. This method also features high atomic utilization (100%), high diastereoselectivity, and mild reaction conditions.

Completely Stereoselective Synthesis of Sulfonated 1,3-Dihydroisobenzofurans via Radical Multicomponent Reactions.

Two types of new oxidant-free radical multicomponent reactions of β-alkynyl ketones, aryldiazonium salts, and DABCO·(SO) (DABSO) were established, leading to the tunable generation of two class of sulfonated 1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans with moderate to good yields and complete stereoselectivity under the mild conditions. The radical-induced scission/recombination of the C(sp)-C(sp) bond enabled direct 1,8-halosulfonylation of β-alkynyl ketones, giving 1,3-dimethylene-substituted (1,3)1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans with substituent diversity by -nitrobenzyl bromide (PNBB) or -nitrobenzyl chloride (PNBC) as the halo source. Fine-tuning substituents to strong electron-withdrawing ones, such as nitro, cyano, and trifluoromethyl, linked to aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates allowed a different annulation/1,5-azosulfonylation process to access sulfonated ()1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans with one quaternary carbon-amino functionality.

Effects of huoxin formula on the arterial functions of patients with coronary heart disease.

Huoxin formula is a Traditional Chinese Medicine for coronary heart disease (CHD) treatment. To explore the therapeutic mechanism of the Huoxin formula on arterial functions in CHD patients. Fifty-eight CHD patients receiving cardiovascular drugs including β-receptor blocker, statins, and antiplatelet medications or others were randomized into intervention [additionally 13.

Leptin enhances glycolysis via OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion to promote mesenchymal stem cell survival.

Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is emerging as a potential therapy for cardiovascular diseases. However, the poor survival of transplanted MSCs is a major obstacle to improving their clinical efficacy. Accumulating evidence indicates that hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) can improve the survival of MSCs.

Rapid and efficient production of cecropin A antibacterial peptide in Escherichia coli by fusion with a self-aggregating protein.

Background: Cecropin A (CeA), a natural cationic antimicrobial peptide, exerts potent antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it an attractive candidate substitute for antimicrobials. However, the low production rate and cumbersome, expensive processes required for both its recombinant and chemical synthesis have seriously hindered the exploitation and application of CeA. Here, we utilized a short β-structured self-aggregating protein, ELK16, as a fusion partner of CeA, which allowed the efficient production of high-purity CeA antibacterial peptide with a simple inexpensive process.

Recent advances in radical transformations of internal alkynes.

Over the past years, impressive progress has been made on the development of the chemoselective and direct formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds involving internal alkynes under catalytic oxidative systems. These transformations heavily rely on the in situ generation of reactive radical intermediates that are initiated by oxidants, visible light photocatalysis, or electrocatalysis and so on. Numerous chemically and biomedically important building blocks have been synthesized, and will continue to be obtained by taking advantage of the radical transformation of internal alkynes in the following years.

Recent Advances in Radical-Enabled Bicyclization and Annulation/1,n-Bifunctionalization Reactions.

Over the past few years, the development of new radical reactions has gained considerable momentum. Most such radical transformations heavily depend on the in situ generation of reactive radical species, initiated by oxidants, metal salts, visible-light photocatalysis, or electrocatalysis. In this context, numerous radical-enabled bicyclization and annulation/1,n-bifunctionalization reactions have been developed, thereby providing efficient synthetic strategies for the assembly of functionalized cyclic rings that contain both heterocyclic and isocyclic skeletons.

A novel secretion and online-cleavage strategy for production of cecropin A in Escherichia coli.

Antimicrobial peptides, promising antibiotic candidates, are attracting increasing research attention. Current methods for production of antimicrobial peptides are chemical synthesis, intracellular fusion expression, or direct separation and purification from natural sources. However, all these methods are costly, operation-complicated and low efficiency.