Enhancing Diagnosis of Rotating Elements in Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing Systems through Feature Selection Approach Considering Overlapping Data Density and Distance Analysis.

Roll-to-roll manufacturing systems have been widely adopted for their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and mass-production capabilities, utilizing thin and flexible substrates. However, in these systems, defects in the rotating components such as the rollers and bearings can result in severe defects in the functional layers. Therefore, the development of an intelligent diagnostic model is crucial for effectively identifying these rotating component defects.

Layer-by-Layer Engineered Flexible Functional Film Fabrication with Spreadability Control in Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing.

A roll-to-roll manufacturing system performs printing and coating on webs to mass-produce large-area functional films. The functional film of a multilayered structure is composed of layers with different components for performance improvement. The roll-to-roll system is capable of controlling the geometries of the coating and printing layers using process variables.

Production of 1,2-propanediol from glycerol in Klebsiella pneumoniae GEM167 with flux enhancement of the oxidative pathway.

Background: To support the sustainability of biodiesel production, by-products, such as crude glycerol, should be converted into high-value chemical products. 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) has been widely used as a building block in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, the microbial bioconversion of lactic acid into 1,2-PDO is attracting attention to overcome limitations of previous biosynthetic pathways for production of 1,2-PDO.

Web Wrinkle Defects due to Temperature Profile in Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing Systems.

The roll-to-roll manufacturing system is extensively used for mass producing products made of plastic, paper, and fabric in several traditional industries. When flexible substrates, also known as webs, are heated and transported inside the dryer, an inconsistent temperature distribution occurs on the material in the machine direction (MD) and cross-machine direction (CMD). If rollers are not aligned in parallel on the same plane in the roll-to-roll web handling process, or if roller misalignment exists, strain deviation occurs in the web, resulting in lateral displacement and web wrinkles.

Strain Optimization of Tensioned Web through Computational Fluid Dynamics in the Roll-to-Roll Drying Process.

Unpredictable web temperature distributions in the dryer and strain deviations in the cross-machine (CMD) and machine (MD) directions could hamper the manufacture of smooth functional layers on polymer-based webs through the roll-to-roll (R2R) continuous process system. However, research on this topic is limited. In this study, we developed a structural analysis model using the temperature distribution of the web as a boundary condition to analyze the drying mechanism of the dryer used in an R2R system.

Effect of Radial Stress on the Nanoparticle-Based Electrolyte Layer in a Center-Wound Roll with Roll-to-Roll Systems.

Recently, slot-die coating based on the roll-to-roll process has been actively used to fabricate nanoparticle-based electrolyte layers because it is advantageous for high-speed processes and mass production of uniformly thick electrolyte layers. In this process, the fabricated electrolyte layer is stored as a wound roll throughout the rewinding process. We analyzed the defects and geometric changes in an electrolyte layer, i.

Impact of Sensor Data Characterization with Directional Nature of Fault and Statistical Feature Combination for Defect Detection on Roll-to-Roll Printed Electronics.

Gravure printing, which is a roll-to-roll printed electronics system suitable for high-speed patterning of functional layers have advantages of being applied to flexible webs in large areas. As each of the printing procedure from inking to doctoring followed by ink transferring and setting influences the quality of the pattern geometry, it is necessary to detect and diagnose factors causing the printing defects beforehand. Data acquisition with three triaxial acceleration sensors for fault diagnosis of four major defects such as doctor blade tilting fault was obtained.

Transmittance Control of a Water-Repellent-Coated Layer on a Tensioned Web in a Roll-to-Roll Slot-Die Coating System.

Solar cells are important alternatives to fossil fuels for energy generation in today's world, where the demand for alternative, renewable sources of energy is increasing. However, solar cells, which are installed outdoors, are susceptible to pollution by environmental factors. A solution to overcome this limitation involves coating solar cell surfaces with functional coatings.

Numerical Modeling of Ink Widening and Coating Gap in Roll-to-Roll Slot-Die Coating of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrolytic Layer.

Slot-die coatings are advantageous when used for coating large-area flexible devices; in particular, the coating width can be controlled and simultaneous multi-layer coatings can be processed. To date, the effects of ink widening and the coating gap on the coating thickness have only been considered in a few studies. To this end, we developed two mathematical models to accurately estimate the coating width and thickness that consider these two effects.

Enzymatic Synthesis of Glucosyl Rebaudioside A and its Characterization as a Sweetener.

Rebaudioside A was modified via glucosylation by recombinant dextransucrase of Leuconostoc lactis EG001 in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), forming single O-α-D-glucosyl-(1″→6') rebaudioside A with yield of 86%. O-α-D-glucosyl-(1″→6') rebaudioside A was purified using HPLC and Diaion HP-20 and its properties were characterized for possible use as a food ingredient. Almost 98% of O-α-D-glucosyl-(1″→6') rebaudioside A was dissolved after 15 days of storage at room temperature, compared to only 11% for rebaudioside A.

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Production from a Novel JS-N6B4 Strain Isolated from Edible Insects.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing strains were isolated from four edible insects and subjected to 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Among the four GABA-producing bacteria, JS-N6B4 exhibited the highest GABA-production, while cultivation temperature, initial pH, aerobic condition, and mono-sodium glutamate (MSG) feeding were found to be the key factors affecting GABA production rate. The culture condition was optimized in terms of glucose, yeast extract, and MSG concentrations using response surface methodology (RSM).

Biochemical Characterization of Alkaliphilic Cyclodextran Glucanotransferase from an Alkaliphilic Bacterium, .

Cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase (CITase) was isolated from alkaliphilic via an amino acid homology search for the reported CITase. The recombinant alkaliphilic CITase (PDCITase) from was expressed in an expression system and purified as a single protein band of 111 kDa. PDCITase showed optimum activity at pH 8.

Optimal Energy Efficiency Fairness of Nodes in Wireless Powered Communication Networks.

In wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs), it is essential to research energy efficiency fairness in order to evaluate the balance of nodes for receiving information and harvesting energy. In this paper, we propose an efficient iterative algorithm for optimal energy efficiency proportional fairness in WPCN. The main idea is to use stochastic geometry to derive the mean proportionally fairness utility function with respect to user association probability and receive threshold.

Mesophilic Acidogenesis of Food Waste-Recycling Wastewater: Effects of Hydraulic Retention Time, pH, and Temperature.

The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT), pH, and operating temperature (T ) on the degradation of food waste-recycling wastewater (FRW) were investigated in laboratory-scale hydrolysis/acidogenesis reactors. Response surface analysis was used to approximate the production of volatile organic acids and degradation of volatile suspended solids (VSS), carbohydrate, protein, and lipid with regard to the independent variables (1 ≤ HRT ≤ 3 days, 4 ≤ pH ≤ 6, 25 ≤ T  ≤ 45 °C). Partial cubic models adequately approximated the corresponding response surfaces at α < 5 %.

Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of pelubiprofen and its active metabolite, trans-alcohol, in human plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study.

A suitable liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method is required to determine pelubiprofen and its active metabolite, trans-alcohol (M-D), in human plasma for pharmacokinetic studies of pelubiprofen preparations. After one-step liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) using methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), pelubiprofen, M-D, and tolbutamide (the internal standard, IS) were eluted from a Capcellpak C18 ACR column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile at a flow rate 0.

Flavobacterium faecale sp. nov., an agarase-producing species isolated from stools of Antarctic penguins.

Taxonomic studies were performed on an agarase-producing strain, designated WV33(T), isolated from faeces of Antarctic penguins. Cells of strain WV33(T) were Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, orange and rod-shaped. Strain WV33(T) displayed agarase activity and was able to utilize galactose as a sole carbon source.

Theory for plasticity of face-centered cubic metals.

The activation of plastic deformation mechanisms determines the mechanical behavior of crystalline materials. However, the complexity of plastic deformation and the lack of a unified theory of plasticity have seriously limited the exploration of the full capacity of metals. Current efforts to design high-strength structural materials in terms of stacking fault energy have not significantly reduced the laborious trial and error works on basic deformation properties.

Induction of apoptosis by deinoxanthin in human cancer cells.

Background: Deinoxanthin is unique carotenoid isolated from the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. In the present study, the induction of apoptosis of cancer cells by deinoxanthin was investigated.

Materials And Methods: Apoptotic effects were evaluated in HepG2, PC-3, and HT-29 cells, and were measured through cell viability, morphological changes, and a DNA fragmentation assay.

Relative bioavailability of levodropropizine 60 mg capsule and syrup formulations in healthy male Korean volunteers: a singledose, randomized-sequence, open-label, two-way crossover study.

Background: Levodropropizine is an oral non-opioid anti-tussive drug used in treatment of cough. A new generic 60 mg capsule formulation of levodropropizine has recently been developed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of the test (capsule) formulation and reference (syrup) formulation of levodropropizine (60 mg) in healthy, fasted, male Korean volunteers.

Rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for determination of megestrol acetate in human plasma: application to a human pharmacokinetic study.

A rapid, simple and fully validated LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of megestrol acetate in human plasma using tolbutamide as an internal standard (IS) after one-step liquid-liquid extraction with methyl-tert-butyl-ether. Detection was performed using electrospray ionization in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode by monitoring the transitions m/z 385.5 → 267.

Growth condition and bacterial community for maximum hydrolysis of suspended organic materials in anaerobic digestion of food waste-recycling wastewater.

This paper reports the effects of changing pH (5-7) and temperature (T, 40-60 degrees C) on the efficiencies of bacterial hydrolysis of suspended organic matter (SOM) in wastewater from food waste recycling (FWR) and the changes in the bacterial community responsible for this hydrolysis. Maximum hydrolysis efficiency (i.e.