Field and laboratory investigation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N6 and H5N8 in Quang Ninh province, Vietnam, 2020 to 2021.

Background: Avian influenza (AI) is a contagious disease that causes illness and death in poultry and humans. High pathogenicity AI (HPAI) H5N6 outbreaks commonly occur in Quang Ninh province bordering China. In June 2021, the first HPAI H5N8 outbreak occurred at a Quang Ninh chicken farm.

Biomethane production from anaerobic co-digestion and steel-making slag: A new waste-to-resource pathway.

A proof of concept of using steel-making slag to upgrade biogas to biomethane is demonstrated in this study. Biogas is generated from the anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and beverage waste. The CO capture capacity of an alkaline liquor derived from the release of calcium from the steel-making slag is comparable to that of the commercial adsorbent monoethanolamine.