Diagnosis of invasive encapsulated follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma by protein-based machine learning.

Background: Although the criteria for follicular-pattern thyroid tumors are well-established, diagnosing these lesions remains challenging in some cases. In the recent World Health Organization Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors (5th edition), the invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma was reclassified as its own entity. It is crucial to differentiate this variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma from low-risk follicular pattern tumors due to their shared morphological characteristics.

A Novel Artificial Intelligence-Based Parameterization Approach of the Stromal Landscape in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) has been recognized as a valuable prognostic indicator in various solid tumors. This study aimed to examine the clinicopathologic relevance of TSR in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) using artificial intelligence (AI)-based parameterization of the stromal landscape and validate TSR scores generated by our AI model against those assessed by humans. One hundred twelve MCC cases with whole-slide images were collected from 4 different institutions.

CXCL5 expression is associated with active signals of macrophages in the microenvironment of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) is a chemokine molecule that is secreted by immune cells in attracting granulocytes. Studies showed that CXCL5 was related to the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumor cells. However, the in vivo effects of CXCL5 on PTC tumor cells and their microenvironment have not been elucidated.

Comprehensive analysis of distinct circadian clock subtypes of adult diffuse glioma and their associations with clinicopathological, genetic, and epigenetic profiles.

The circadian clock (CC) has biological and clinical implications in gliomas. Most studies focused on CC effects on the tumor microenvironment and the application of chronotherapy. The present study focused on CC gene expression patterns and intracellular oncogenic activities.

Acquired Cystic Disease-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma (ACD-RCC) is a common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the clinicopathological, and genetic characteristics of patients with ACD-RCC. A systematic search on three electronic databases including the Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were performed until December 31, 2022.

NAA10 gene expression is associated with mesenchymal transition, dedifferentiation, and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the expression and prognostic role of NAA10 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Material And Methods: We performed a gene expression and survival analysis based on the human cancer genome atlas database of ccRCC patients (TCGA-KIRC).

Results: The patients in the TCGA-KIRC (n = 537) were divided into two subgroups: NAA10-low and NAA10-high expression groups.

Immunohistochemical detection of cancer genetic abnormalities.

New applications of immunohistochemistry (IHC) expand rapidly due to the development of molecular analyses and an increased understanding of molecular biology. IHC becomes much more important as a screening or even a confirmatory test for molecular changes in cancer. The past decades have witnessed the release of many immunohistochemical markers of the new generation.

that encodes organic cation transporter-3 is associated with prognosis and immunogenicity of human lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: , the gene which encodes organic cation transporter (OCT)-3, has been linked to the prognosis of several types of cancer. However, its role in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) has not been addressed elsewhere.

Methods: We analyzed gene expression, DNA methylation, and clinicopathological data from The Cancer Genome Atlas - Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-LUSC) (n=501), a publicly available database exclusively consisting of LSCC patients.

Molecular and clinicopathological implications of PRAME expression in adult glioma.

Background: PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma) is a biomarker studied in various human cancers. Little is known about the biological implications of PRAME in glioma. We aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis to explore PRAME gene expression and its biological and clinicopathological significance in gliomas.

A Machine Learning-Based Model to Predict In-Hospital Mortality of Lung Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study of 523,959 Cases.

Stratify new lung cancer patients based on the risk of in-hospital mortality rate after diagnosis. 522,941 lung cancer cases with available data on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) were analyzed for the predicted probability based on six fundamental variables including age, gender, tumor size, T, N, and AJCC stages. The patients were randomly assigned to the training ( = 115,145) and validation datasets ( = 13,017).

NAA10 overexpression dictates distinct epigenetic, genetic, and clinicopathological characteristics in adult gliomas.

NAA10 is a novel biomarker of cancer progression. The oncogenic and biological mechanisms of NAA10 in human malignancies are controversial and remain to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated the biological and clinicopathological implications of NAA10 gene expression in adult gliomas.

Association of Circadian Clock Gene Expression with Pediatric/Adolescent Asthma and Its Comorbidities.

The pathology of asthma is characterized by marked day-night variation, which is likely controlled by circadian clock activity. This study aimed to clarify the association of core circadian clock gene expression with clinical features of asthma. For this purpose, we accessed the National Center for Biotechnology Information database and analyzed transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and clinical characteristics of 134 pediatric/adolescent patients with asthma.

De novo Versus Secondary Dedifferentiated Chordomas: A Population-Based Analysis and Integrated Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Objective: There is a lack of data about the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of de novo versus secondary dedifferentiated chordoma (DC). This integrated study aimed to investigate the similarities and differences in clinicopathological manifestations, prognoses, and molecular profiles of these 2 subtypes.

Methods: We accessed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program for DC cases from 1975 to 2020.

Heterogeneity of Hippo signalling activity in different histopathologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma.

This study aimed to reveal the prognostic role of the Hippo pathway in different histopathological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The TCGA-KIRC (n = 537), TCGA-KIRP (n = 291) and TCGA-KICH (n = 113), which contain data about clear cell (ccRCC), papillary (pRCC) and chromophobe RCC (chRCC), respectively, were investigated. Gene Set Variation Analysis was used to compare the activity of many pathways within a single sample.

Investigating the role of core needle biopsy in evaluating tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) of invasive breast cancer: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) of invasive breast carcinoma has gained attention in recent years due to its prognostic significance. Previous studies showed TSR is a potential biomarker for indicating the tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, it is not clear how well TSR evaluation in biopsy specimens might reflect the TSR in resection specimens.

Clinical detection of "extremely low-risk" follicular thyroid carcinoma: A population-based study of 7304 patients.

Background: Previous studies have not been consistent in the risk of metastasis in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). Therefore, we conducted a large population study to stratify the risk of distant metastasis in FTC patients using only clinical parameters.

Methods: We extracted FTC patients from The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and divided them into training and validation cohorts.

A systematic review of the clinicopathological features and prognostic outcomes of DICER1-mutant malignant brain neoplasms.

Objective: DICER1-mutant malignant brain neoplasms are very rare tumors, and published data have relied on case reports or small case series. In this review, the authors aimed to systematically summarize the types and distribution patterns of DICER1 mutations, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognostic outcomes of these tumors.

Methods: The authors searched PubMed and Web of Science for relevant studies.

Metastatic Risk Stratification of 2526 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients: A Study Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database.

The risk of distant metastasis in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has not been well studied. Additional evaluation of MTC metastatic risk can be helpful for improving the quality of medical management. Therefore, we conducted a large population study to develop a method to stratify the risk of metastasis at the initial presentation of MTC patients.

Survival analyses of soft tissue pleomorphic sarcomas and a proposed leiomyosarcoma-specific dynamic nomogram: A large population-based study.

Background: Pleomorphic sarcoma of soft tissue (PSST) is a heterogeneous group of sarcomas with different prognoses. Survival patterns of this tumor group have not been thoroughly investigated. Prognostic models should be developed to support individualized evaluation of PSST patients.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast FNA biopsy cytology: A predictor of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in histologic evaluation.

Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with various clinicopathological features. Using cytologic specimens for assessing TILs remains to be established. This retrospective study aimed to establish a practical method to assess TILs in cytologic samples.