Assessment of Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) 2015 guideline adherence in medical imaging diagnostic accuracy studies published in 2023.

Background: The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) 2015 guideline facilitates evaluation of key aspects of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies and their findings, including the risk of bias and applicability of findings.

Objective: To evaluate the completeness of reporting in medical imaging DTA research in a sample of studies published in 2023.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify medical imaging DTA studies published between January - June 2023 that assessed one or more index imaging tests compared to a reference standard and reported test performance using relevant outcome measures.

Effectiveness of ChatGPT-4o in developing continuing professional development plans for graduate radiographers: a descriptive study.

Purpose: This study evaluates the use of ChatGPT-4o in creating tailored continuing professional development (CPD) plans for radiography students, addressing the challenge of aligning CPD with Medical Radiation Practice Board of Australia (MRPBA) requirements. We hypothesized that ChatGPT-4o could support students in CPD planning while meeting regulatory standards.

Methods: A descriptive, experimental design was used to generate 3 unique CPD plans using ChatGPT-4o, each tailored to hypothetical graduate radiographers in varied clinical settings.

The performance of ChatGPT-4.0o in medical imaging evaluation: a cross-sectional study.

This study investigated the performance of ChatGPT-4.0o in evaluating the quality of positioning in radiographic images. Thirty radiographs depicting a variety of knee, elbow, ankle, hand, pelvis, and shoulder projections were produced using anthropomorphic phantoms and uploaded to ChatGPT-4.

Cervical pessary is not superior to vaginal progesterone in individuals with a singleton pregnancy and a short cervix: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: For asymptomatic individuals with a singleton pregnancy and a short cervix, vaginal progesterone significantly decreases the risk of PTB and improves perinatal outcomes. Cervical pessary is another option that has been evaluated with inconclusive results. There is, however, a lack of head-to-head comparisons between pessary and vaginal progesterone in this high risk population.

Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase by Cembranoid Diterpenes from Soft Coral : Enzyme Kinetics, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics.

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is essential for converting epoxy fatty acids, such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), into their dihydroxy forms. EETs play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, mediating anti-inflammatory responses, and modulating pain, making sEH a key target for therapeutic interventions. Current research is increasingly focused on identifying sEH inhibitors from natural sources, particularly marine environments, which are rich in bioactive compounds due to their unique metabolic adaptations.

Ethical, legal, and regulatory landscape of artificial intelligence in Australian healthcare and ethical integration in radiography: A narrative review.

This narrative review explores the ethical, legal, and regulatory landscape of AI integration in Australian healthcare, focusing on radiography. It examines the current legislative framework, assesses the trust and reliability of AI tools, and proposes future directions for ethical AI integration in radiography. AI systems significantly enhance diagnostic radiography by improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in stroke detection, brain imaging, and chest reporting.

Patient Experiences of Patient-Clinician Communication Among Cancer Multidisciplinary Healthcare Professionals During "Breaking Bad News": A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Purpose: To explore patient experiences of patient-clinician communication during the critical moments of "breaking bad news" in cancer care.

Methods: A qualitative systematic review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and has been reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Databases, including APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Scopus, were searched from the beginning of their date range coverage to April 2023.

Simple quantitative planimetric measurement of nigrosome-1 for clinical settings.

Introduction: Loss of MRI hyperintense signal in nigrosome-1 (assessed with susceptibility-weighted imaging) is a biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD). Current clinical practice involves subjectively rating the appearance of nigrosome-1 which is challenging. The study aimed to test and compare a simple method for quantifying nigrosome-1 with the current subjective rating method.

Acylated flavonoid glycosides from Barringtonia pendula and their inhibition on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells.

Six new acylated flavonoid glycosides namely barringosides J - O (1-6) along with tephrokaempferoside and barringoside D were isolated from the branches and leaves of Barringtonia pendula. The structural elucidation was confirmed by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data including HRQTOFMS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Moderate inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Diterpenoid and phenolic constituents from corn silk () with PTP1B inhibitory activity.

Chemical investigation of corn silk resulted in the isolation of nine secondary metabolites, including a new -kaurane diterpenoid, zeamaysditerpene A () and eight known compounds, stigmaydene A (), stigmaydene J (), stigmaydene L (), stigmane D (), demethyltorosaflavone D (), chrysoeriol 6---boivinopyranosyl-7---D-glucopyranoside (), deoxypodophyllotoxin (), and -peltatin glucoside (). Their structures were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIQTOF mass spectra. The absolute configuration of was deduced by applying electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation method.

Use of artificial intelligence in discerning the need for prostate biopsy and readiness for clinical practice: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Variability and inaccuracies in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and the risk of complications from invasive tests, have been extensively reported in the research literature. To address this, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has been attracting increased interest in recent years to improve the diagnostic accuracy and objectivity. Although AI literature has reported promising results, further research is needed on the identification of evidence gaps that limit the potential adoption in prostate cancer screening practice.

Isoryanodane diterpene derivatives from .

From the MeOH residue of branches and leaves, one new isoryanodane diterpene, barringisol (), and two new isoryanodane diterpene glucosides, barringisosides A and B ( and ), were obtained using various chromatographic isolations. The structural characterization was confirmed by spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-QTOF-MS. This is the first isolation of isoryanodane diterpene derivatives from species.

Diagnostic test accuracy of imaging modalities for adults with acute pulmonary embolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the current literature on diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) of imaging modalities for adults with acute pulmonary embolism (APE).

Background: Medical imaging plays an integral role in evaluating and managing those with APE. Guidance for imaging modality use for APE diagnosis varies due to a lack of clinical standardisation.

Prevalence of depressive disorders in a primary care setting in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A cross-sectional epidemiological study.

Objective: This research was conducted to identify the prevalence and associated factors of depressive disorders, as well as evaluate the recognition rate of general practitioners in detecting these mental health issues in primary care.

Method: Five hundred and twelve participants (55.3% female, mean age = 46.

Acute sleep deprivation disrupts emotion, cognition, inflammation, and cortisol in young healthy adults.

Chronic sleep deprivation has been demonstrated to diminish cognitive performance, alter mood states, and concomitantly dysregulate inflammation and stress hormones. At present, however, there is little understanding of how an acute sleep deprivation may collectively affect these factors and alter functioning. The present study aimed to determine the extent to which 24-h of sleep deprivation influences inflammatory cytokines, stress hormones, cognitive processing across domains, and emotion states.

Phototactic microswimmers in pulsatile flow: Toward a novel harvesting method.

Phototactic behavior is coupled with pulsatile flow features to reveal the advantages of pulsation for separating motile algae cells in a double Y-microchannel. The underlying mechanism is as follows: during half of the pulsation cycle, when the flow rate is low, the phototactic microswimmers are mainly redirected by the external stimulation (light); while, during the rest of the cycle, the flow effects become dominant and the microswimmers are driven toward the desired outlet. The results show that in the absence of light source, the pulsatile flow has no advantage over the steady flow for separation, and the microswimmers have no preference between the exit channels; the separation index (SI) is around 50%.

Phenolic Glycosides from the Leaves of Iodes cirrhosa Turcz. with Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Effects.

In the present study, 14 phenolic glycosides, including one new neolignan glycoside, iodescirrhoside A (1), three new flavonol glycosides, iodescirrhosides B-D (2-4), and 10 known metabolites were obtained from the methanol extract of Iodes cirrhosa leaves. Structural elucidation was performed by interpretating the 1D- and 2D- NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and CD spectra in comparison with literature data. All compounds were noncytotoxic to LU-1, HepG2, MCF-7, SK-Mel-2, and LNCaP cancer cell lines.

Research demographics of Australian medical radiation practitioners.

Introduction: Advancement within the Medical Radiation Profession has seen an increased need for Medical Radiation Practitioners (MRPs) to develop research skills to provide and access relevant and accurate information to maintain best practice. The aim of this study was to ascertain the current research demographics of Australian Medical Radiation Practitioners (MRPs), determine perceived barriers to participating in research and to establish needs-based initiatives to support MRPs in undertaking research.

Methods: A quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional survey of Australian MRPs using an electronic survey tool was distributed between November and December 2020.

23-Hydroxyursolic acid from Viburnum lutescens inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro and lipopolysaccharide-induced bone loss in vivo by suppressing c-Fos and NF-κB signalling.

Bone homeostasis is maintained by a combination of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Excessive osteoclast activity is linked to several bone-related disorders, including osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacological therapy might have a number of adverse effects.