Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase by Cembranoid Diterpenes from Soft Coral : Enzyme Kinetics, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics.

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is essential for converting epoxy fatty acids, such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), into their dihydroxy forms. EETs play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, mediating anti-inflammatory responses, and modulating pain, making sEH a key target for therapeutic interventions. Current research is increasingly focused on identifying sEH inhibitors from natural sources, particularly marine environments, which are rich in bioactive compounds due to their unique metabolic adaptations.

Diterpenoid and phenolic constituents from corn silk () with PTP1B inhibitory activity.

Chemical investigation of corn silk resulted in the isolation of nine secondary metabolites, including a new -kaurane diterpenoid, zeamaysditerpene A () and eight known compounds, stigmaydene A (), stigmaydene J (), stigmaydene L (), stigmane D (), demethyltorosaflavone D (), chrysoeriol 6---boivinopyranosyl-7---D-glucopyranoside (), deoxypodophyllotoxin (), and -peltatin glucoside (). Their structures were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIQTOF mass spectra. The absolute configuration of was deduced by applying electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation method.

Isoryanodane diterpene derivatives from .

From the MeOH residue of branches and leaves, one new isoryanodane diterpene, barringisol (), and two new isoryanodane diterpene glucosides, barringisosides A and B ( and ), were obtained using various chromatographic isolations. The structural characterization was confirmed by spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-QTOF-MS. This is the first isolation of isoryanodane diterpene derivatives from species.

23-Hydroxyursolic acid from Viburnum lutescens inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro and lipopolysaccharide-induced bone loss in vivo by suppressing c-Fos and NF-κB signalling.

Bone homeostasis is maintained by a combination of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Excessive osteoclast activity is linked to several bone-related disorders, including osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacological therapy might have a number of adverse effects.

Polyhydroxylated steroids from the Vietnamese soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi.

Fourteen polyhydroxylated steroids including six new compounds, ehrensteroids A - F (1-6), were isolated from the Vietnamese soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi after applying various chromatographic separations. The structure elucidation was done by detailed analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and HR QTOF mass spectra. In addition, significant cytotoxicity (IC values ranging from 8.

Dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins from the flower buds of with cytotoxic activity.

Phytochemical investigation of a methanol extract of flower buds resulted in the isolation of 22 dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins, including three new compounds, pseudoginsenosides A-C (-), and 19 known analogs. Their chemical structures were identified by the comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1 D and 2 D NMR and mass spectra. In addition, their cytotoxic effects toward three human carcinoma cell lines, including liver (HepG2), breast (MCF7), and lung (A549) were also evaluated.

Polyacetylene and phenolic constituents from the roots of .

Chemical investigation of the roots of resulted in isolation of 12 compounds, including one new polyacetylene, codojavanyol (), one new phenolic glycoside, codobenzyloside (), and 10 known compounds, (2,8)-9-(tetrahydro-2-pyran-2-yl)nona-2,8-diene-4,6-diyl-1-ol (), lobetyol (), lobetyolin (), lobetyolinin (), cordifolioidyne B (), benzyl--L-arabinopyranosyl (1-6)--D-glucopyranoside (), ()-8--D-glucopyranosyloxycinnamic acid (), syringin (), syringaresinol (), and tryptophan (). Their structures were elucidated by 1 D and 2 D NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses in comparison with the data reported in the literature. The stereochemistry of the C-2' position of was identified based on time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation.

Secondary metabolites from a peanut-associated fungus IMBC-NMTP01 with cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

Chemical investigation of a peanut-associated fungal strain IMBC-NMTP01 resulted in isolation and identification of 14 secondary metabolites, including two new, -aspergillusol () and aspernigin (), and 12 known compounds: pyrophen (), 2-(hydroxyimino)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (), aspergillusol A (), rubrofusarin B (), nigerasperone A (), fonsecin (), TMC-256C1 (), pyranonigrin A (), orlandin (), nigerasperone C (), asperpyrone A (), and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxylic acid (). Compounds , showed cytotoxicity toward all six human cancer cell lines, including HepG2, KB, HL-60, MCF-7, SK-Mel2, and LNCaP, with IC values ranging from 8.4 to 84.

Polyhydroxylated steroid derivatives from the starfish .

A new polyhydroxysteroid glycoside, regulusoside D (), and a new polyhydroxylated steroid, (24)-cholestane-3,5,6,8,15,24-hexol (), together with seven known compounds were purified from the starfish collected near Con Co Islands, Vietnam. The structure elucidation was confirmed by extensive analysis of their NMR and HR-QTOF mass experiments. Among isolated compounds, regulusoside D (), (24)-cholestane-3,5,6,8,15,24-hexol (), granulatoside A (), 5-cholestane-3,6,7α,15,16,26-hexol (), 5-cholestane-3,6,7,8,15,16,26-heptol () and 5-cholestane-3,6,8,15,16,26-hexol () exhibited strong inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Enantiomeric chromene derivatives with anticancer effects from Mallotus apelta.

Mallotusapelta(Lour.) Müll.Arg has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis.

Novel ANO1 Inhibitor from Extract Exerts Anticancer Activity through Downregulation of ANO1.

Anoctamin1 (ANO1), a calcium-activated chloride channel, is frequently overexpressed in several cancers, including human prostate cancer and oral squamous cell carcinomas. ANO1 plays a critical role in tumor growth and maintenance of these cancers. In this study, we have isolated two new compounds ( and ) and four known compounds (-) from These compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on ANO1 channel activity and their cytotoxic effects on PC-3 prostate cancer cells.

Five New Pregnane Glycosides from and Their α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities.

, a medicinal plant, has been used in Indian ayurvedic traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Phytochemical investigation of led to the isolation of five new pregnane glycosides, gymsylosides A-E (-) and four known oleanane saponins, 3β-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (), gymnemoside-W1 (), 3β-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (), and alternoside XIX (). Their structures were identified based on spectroscopic evidence and comparison with those reported in the literature.

Oleanane-type triterpene saponins from leaves and their cytotoxic activity.

Two new, aramatosides A and B ( and ), together with seven known oleanane-type triterpene saponins (-) were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were determined by combination of HR-ESI-MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectral data as well as comparison with the previous literature. Compounds - exhibited cytotoxic effects towards three human cancer cell lines (HT29, A2058, and A549) with IC values ranging from 2.

Dihydrostilbene glycosides from and their -glucosidase and -amylase inhibitory activities.

Using chromatographic methods, three new dihydrostilbene glycosides, sasastilbosides A-C (-) and four known compounds, catechin (), rutin (), nicotiflorin (), and rehmaionoside A () have been isolated from Thunb. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1 D-, 2 D-NMR) and mass spectra. Compounds - were evaluated for -glucosidase and -amylase inhibitory effects.

Cytotoxic constituents from .

In our search for cytotoxic constituents from Vietnamese plants, the methanolic extract of was found to exhibit significant cytotoxic effect. Subsequent phytochemical investigation of ethyl acetate fractions of this plant led to isolation of 11 compounds including one new arylbenzofuran rhamnoside namely aristolochiaside (), two aristololactams ( and ), three lignanamides (-) and five phenolic amides (-). Their structures were elucidated by 1 D and 2 D NMR and HR-QTOF-MS experiments.

Diterpenoids and Flavonoids from Andrographis paniculata.

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata resulted in isolation of nine compounds, including a new ent-labdane diterpenoid, andrographic acid methyl ester (1), a new chalcone glucoside, pashanone glucoside (5), and seven known metabolites, andrograpanin (2), andrographolide (3), andropanolide (4), andrographidine A (6), andrographidine F (7), 6-epi-8-O-acetyl-harpagide (8), and curvifloruside F (9). Their chemical structures were elucidated based on comprehensive analyses of the spectroscopic data, including NMR and MS. Among the isolated compounds, andropanolide exerted cytotoxicity toward LNCaP, HepG2, KB, MCF7, and SK-Mel2 carcinoma cells, with IC values ranging from 31.

Sulphated flavones and pregnane-type steroids from .

In our search for anti-inflammatory constituents from Vietnamese plants, the methanolic extract of was found to exhibit inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. Phytochemical investigation of this plant led to isolation of four sulphated flavones (), including one new compound 5,3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-8--sulphate flavone (), and two pregnane-type steroids ( and ), including one new compound 7--heligenin B ().

New lupane-type and ursane-type triterpene saponins from the leaves of .

Three new triterpene saponins including two lupane-types and an ursane-type were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were determined as 2,3,23-trihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid 3---L-arabinopyranoside (), 2,3,23-trihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid 3--[-L-arabinopyranoside]-28--[-D-glucopyranosyl] ester (), and 2,3,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 3--[-L-arabinopyranoside]-28--[-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)--D-glucopyranosyl] ester () by analysis of their HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The 2,3,23-trioxygenated pentacyclic triterpenes were uncommonly found in the nature.

Cyclobutastellettolides A and B, C Norterpenoids from a sp. Marine Sponge.

Two novel C terpenoids (, ) with an unprecedented carbon skeleton () were isolated from a sp. sponge collected from Vietnamese waters. Their structures and absolute configurations were established by extensive NMR, MS, and ECD analyses together with quantum chemical modeling and biogenetic considerations.

Pregnane glycosides from and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Two new pregnane glycosides, gyminosides A and B ( and ) and three known, tinctoroside B (), tinctoroside C (), and gymnepregoside F () were isolated from the leaves of (Lour.) Decne. Their structures were elucidated by physical and chemical methods and comparing with those reported in the literature.

Sesquiterpenoids from .

Sixteen sesquiterpenoids (-), including two new compounds namely saussucostusosides A and B ( and ), were isolated from the roots of by various chromatographic separations. Their structures were elucidated by 1 D and 2 D NMR and HR-QTOF-MS experiments. Among isolated compounds, costunlide (), 3-[4-hydroxymethacryloyloxy]-8-hydroxycostunolide () and 11,13-dihydrozaluzanin C () exhibited potent inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Bicyclic lactones from the octocoral .

The MeOH extract of the Vietnamese octocoral afforded four bicyclic lactones (-), including three new compounds namely dendronephthyones A-C (-), after subjecting it on various chromatographic separations. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopic experiments including 1D, 2D NMR, CD and HR-QTOF-MS. In addition, compounds - were found to exhibit selective cytotoxicity against the HeLa human cancer cell line with IC values of 32.

Dendrodoristerol, a cytotoxic C20 steroid from the Vietnamese nudibranch mollusk .

Using various chromatographic separations, four steroids including one new C steroid namely dendrodoristerol (), were isolated from the Vietnamese nudibranch mollusk . The structure elucidation was confirmed by combination of spectroscopic experiments including 1D and 2D NMR, HR QTOF MS, and CD. Compound was found to exhibit significant cytotoxic activity against six human cancer cell lines as HL-60, KB, LU-1, MCF-7, LNCaP, and HepG2.

Acylated flavonoid glycosides from .

Using various chromatographic separations, three new acylated flavonoid glycosides, namely barringosides G-I (-), were isolated from the water-soluble extract of branches and leaves. The structure elucidation was performed by extensive analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR and HR-QTOF-MS data. Of the isolated compounds, barringoside I () showed moderate inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.