Enhanced Pyroelectric Performances in Textured NaBiTiO Ceramics for Infrared Detection.

The pyroelectric effect is extensively used in infrared imaging, detection systems, military equipment, and smart furniture, which require pyroelectric materials to simultaneously possess a high pyroelectric coefficient () and a high Curie temperature () for circuit integration. However, the of commercial lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is limited to 230 °C, imposing an insurmountable challenge in the integration. Here, we investigated the pyroelectricity in NaBiTiO (NBT) with a high Curie temperature (∼660 °C), meeting the temperature requirements for integration.

Molecular Ferroelectric Crystals with Superior Pyroelectricity, Plasticity, and Recyclability.

The pyroelectric effect is used in a wide range of applications such as infrared (IR) detection and thermal energy harvesting, which require the pyroelectric materials to simultaneously have a high pyroelectric coefficient and a low dielectric constant for high figures of merit. However, in conventional proper ferroelectrics, the positive correlation between the pyroelectric coefficient and the dielectric constant imposes an insurmountable challenge in upgrading the figures of merit. Here, we explored superior pyroelectricity in [(CH)N][FeCl] (TMA-FC) and [(CH)N][FeClBr] (TMA-FCB) molecular ferroelectric plastic crystals, which could decouple this positive correlation due to the nature of improper polarization behavior.

Improving Flavonoid Accumulation of Bioreactor-Cultured Adventitious Roots in Using Yeast Extract.

is an endangered medicinal plant, and adventitious root (AR) culture is an effective way to obtain its raw materials. Yeast extract (YE) is a lower-price elicitor and can efficiently promote metabolite synthesis. In this study, the bioreactor-cultured ARs were treated with YE in a suspension culture system to investigate the elicitation effect of YE on flavonoid accumulation, serving for further industrial production.

Excellent Stability in Polyetherimide/SiO Nanocomposites with Ultrahigh Energy Density and Discharge Efficiency at High Temperature.

Polymer dielectrics with excellent thermal stability are the essential core material for thin film capacitors applied in a harsh-environment. However, the dielectric and mechanical properties of polymers are commonly deteriorated with temperature rising. Herein, polyetherimide (PEI)-based nanocomposites contained with SiO nanoparticles (SiO -NPs) are fabricated by a solution casting method.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Nakai Adventitious Roots Extract by Regulating CYP450 and PPAR Signaling Pathway.

Nakai is a traditional medicine that has been confirmed to exert effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, and is used for the treatment of different disorders. However, its potential beneficial effects on drug induced hepatotoxicity and relevant molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the protective effect and further elucidated the mechanisms of action of on liver protection.

Co-cultured adventitious roots of and inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via MAPK pathway in mouse peritoneal macrophages.

Objective: In order to elucidate the biological activity of the co-cultured adventitious roots (ARs) of and and provide theoretical basis for its application, and the anti-inflammatory activities and potential mechanisms of co-cultured ARs were studied.

Methods: The experimental materials were obtained by bioreactor co-culture technology and used in the activity research. In this study, mouse macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used as model.

Carbon nanotube powders as electrode modifier to enhance the activity of anodic biofilm in microbial fuel cells.

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is a promising electrode material and has been used as an anode modifier in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, a new method of simultaneously adding CNT powders and Geobacter sulfurreducens into the anode chamber of a MFC was used, aiming to form a composite biofilm on the anode. The performance of MFCs such as startup time and steady-state power generation was investigated under conditions of different CNT powders dosages.

[Characteristic in electricity-generation and wastewater-treatment by the two-cylinder microbial fuel cells].

A two-cylinder MFC, which is of new configuration, was constructed to study its power generation and waste water treatment performance. When the graphite granule was used in anode as packing material, the internal resistance was 38.9 Omega.

[Electricity generation by the microbial fuel cells using carbon nanotube as the anode].

The characteristic of anode plays an important role in the performance of the microbial fuel cell (MFC). Thus, carbon nanotube (CN), flexible graphite (FG) and activated carbon (AC) were used as anode material in this study, and the performances of three MFCs (CN-MFC, FG-MFC and AC-MFC) were studied. The results show that CN is a kind of suitable material to be used as anode in the MFC.

[Electricity generation using the packing-type microbial fuel cells].

The packing-type microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were constructed using the granular graphite and the carbon felt as packing materials. The start-up time of the packing-type MFC was about 1 d, which was lower than that of the flat-type MFC. The maximal power density (Pm) of the MFC with carbon felt as packing material was 1502 mW/m2 (37.

[Effect of the initial anode potential on electricity generation in microbial fuel cell].

The initial anode potential of the microbial fuel cell (MFC) was changed by additional circuit in the anode chamber, and the influence of the initial anode potential on the electricigens was studied. When the initial anode potential was 350 mV (vs Hg/Hg2 Cl2), the growth of microorganisms was much slower than that of the microorganisms which grew on the anode with an initial potential of -200 mV or 200 mV (vs Hg/Hg2 Cl2). After stable electricity generation, the anode resistances of the three MFCs, which had initial anode potentials of 350 mV, 200 mV and -200 mV respectively, were 71 Omega, 43 Omega and 80 Omega.

[Composition and measurement of the apparent internal resistance in microbial fuel cell].

The electrochemical limitations on the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are mainly due to the internal resistance. The total resistance in the MFC was expressed as the apparent internal resistance (R(i)) which was partitioned into ohmic resistance (R(omega)) and non-ohmic resistance (R(n)), referring to the equivalent circuit of the MFC. In the one-chamber MFC, R(i) and R(omega) were measured using the steady discharging method and the current interrupt method, and they were 289 omega and 99 omega, respectively.

Composition and distribution of internal resistance in three types of microbial fuel cells.

High internal resistance is a key problem limiting the power output of the microbial fuel cell (MFC). Therefore, more knowledge about the internal resistance is essential to enhance the performance of the MFC. However, different methods are used to determine the internal resistance, which makes the comparison difficult.