A novel Cu/Fe cathode prepared by a facile redox pathway for phenol degradation electrocatalytically via the electro-fenton assisted electro-chlorination process.

Electrochemical methods for treating phenolic wastewater have been widely studied, with most research focusing primarily on the anode, while the cathode has generally served as a counter electrode. This study aims to enhance the electrocatalytic process by developing a new Fe/Cu-based cathode using a simple redox method. We created a CuOCu@Fe-FeO (0 < x < 1, combining FeO and FeO) electrode, referred to as CCFFO, to facilitate the electro-Fenton process without requiring additional HO or Fe.

Synergistic inhibition effect of Chlorella sp. and benzotriazole on the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel in alkaline artificial seawater.

The interaction of microalgae on the reinforced concrete with corrosion inhibitor is not well understood. Moreover, the inhibition role of microalgae on corrosion has been reported in recent years. In this study, the corrosion inhibition behavior of Q235 carbon steel (CS) due to the presence of Chlorella sp.

Genetic and Epigenetic Evidence for Nonestrogenic Disruption of Otolith Development by Bisphenol A in Zebrafish.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that has estrogenic activities. In addition to disrupting reproductive development and function via estrogenic signaling pathways, BPA can also interfere with nonreproductive functions through nonestrogenic pathways; however, the mechanisms underlying such nonestrogenic activities are not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that BPA could disrupt otolith formation during the early development of zebrafish with long-lasting ethological effects.

Rescue of bmp15 deficiency in zebrafish by mutation of inha reveals mechanisms of BMP15 regulation of folliculogenesis.

As an oocyte-specific growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) plays a critical role in controlling folliculogenesis. However, the mechanism of BMP15 action remains elusive. Using zebrafish as the model, we created a bmp15 mutant using CRISPR/Cas9 and demonstrated that bmp15 deficiency caused a significant delay in follicle activation and puberty onset followed by a complete arrest of follicle development at previtellogenic (PV) stage without yolk accumulation.

Azoramide prevents MPP-induced dopaminergic neuronal death via upregulating ER chaperone BiP expression.

Progressive death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons is the main cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). The discovery of drug candidates to prevent DA neuronal death is required to address the pathological aspects and alter the process of PD. Azoramide is a new small molecule compound targeting ER stress, which was originally developed for the treatment of diabetes.

Estrogenic and non-estrogenic effects of bisphenol A and its action mechanism in the zebrafish model: An overview of the past two decades of work.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most simple and predominant component of the Bisphenol family. BPA is widely present in the environment and the human body as a result of its extensive usage in the plastic and epoxy resins of consumer goods like water bottles, food containers, and tableware. Since the 1930s, when BPA's estrogenic activity was first observed, and it was labeled as a "mimic hormone of E2", studies on the endocrine-disrupting effects of BPA then have been widely conducted.

Effect of marine microalgae Synechococcus sp., Chlorella sp., Thalassiosira sp. on corrosion behavior of Q235 carbon steel in f/2 medium.

The effect of marine microalgae on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel (CS) still needs further investigation due to their dual roles. In this study, the corrosion behavior of Q235 CS specimens in f/2 medium with absence and presence of three classes of marine microalgae Synechococcus sp., Chlorella sp.

A rapid staged protocol for efficient recovery of microplastics from soil and sediment matrices based on hydrophobic separation.

Microplastics (MPs) in soil and sediment (SS) matrices are emerging pollution hazards to ecosystems and humans. To mitigate MP pollution, suitable extractors and associated extracting solutions are required to efficiently separate MPs from SS matrices. In this study, we introduced a four-stage microplastic extractor (ME) device and investigated the fractional separation efficiencies of three extracting solutions (ultrapure water, saturated NaCl, and corn oil-in-NaCl) plus aeration, magnetic stirring, and electric stirring for three kinds of SS matrices (loam soil, sandy sediment, and muddy sediment) with four types of virgin MP pellets (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene, and polystyrene).

Interactions of the Cyanobacterium Chrysosporum ovalisporum with Antibiotics in Water.

In this study, we assessed the effects of 11-day exposure of sulfadiazine (SD), sulfamethazine (SM2), norfloxacin (NOR), and enrofloxacin (ENR) on the growth, chlorophyll a (Chl. a) content, phycobiliproteins (PBPs) content, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of Chrysosporum ovalisporum, examined the removal rate of these antibiotics by C. ovalisporum, and performed acute toxicology test with Daphnia magna to determine the effect of interaction between antibiotics and cyanobacteria on aquatic animals.

Biochemical responses of the freshwater microalga Dictyosphaerium sp. upon exposure to three sulfonamides.

Sulfonamides (SAs) are common antimicrobial drugs, which are frequently detected in surface water systems, and are difficult to degrade, posing a potential threat to the aquatic environment. However, little is known about the potential adverse effects of SAs on non-target organisms (e.g.

Catalytic degradation mechanism of sulfamethazine via photosynergy of monoclinic BiVOand microalgae under visible-light irradiation.

To improve the efficiency of antibiotic degradation, the photosynergistic performance of bismuth vanadate (BiVO) with a microalga, Dictyosphaerium sp., was demonstrated under visible-light irradiation for the first time. Sulfamethazine (SM2) was selected as a representative sulfanilamide antibiotic, and the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of SM2 was evaluated in media via the BiVO-algae system.

The caudal neurosecretory system: A novel thermosensitive tissue and its signal pathway in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Ectotherm animals, such as fish, are vulnerable when facing an extreme temperature fluctuation as a result of their inability to maintain body temperature. The caudal neurosecretory system (CNSS) is unique to fish and has been shown to maintain homeostasis in response to seasonal changes. However, its temperature sensitivity is unknown.

Sulfonamides-induced oxidative stress in freshwater microalga Chlorella vulgaris: Evaluation of growth, photosynthesis, antioxidants, ultrastructure, and nucleic acids.

Sulfadiazine (SD), sulfamerazine (SM1), and sulfamethazine (SM2) are widely used and disorderly discharged into surface water, causing contamination of lakes and rivers. However, microalgae are regard as a potential resource to alleviate and degrade antibiotic pollution. The physiological changes of Chlorella vulgaris in the presence of three sulfonamides (SAs) with varying numbers of -CH groups and its SA-removal efficiency were investigated following a 7-day exposure experiment.

Hematite photoanode modified with inexpensive hole-storage layer for highly efficient solar water oxidation.

Hematite is recognized as an excellent photocatalyst for photoelectrochemical photoanodes for water oxidation because of its favorable band gap, excellent anti-photocorrosion and structural stability in alkaline solution. However, slow charge transport and fast carrier recombination in the bulk and at the hematite photoanode/electrolyte interface, have limited its applications for water splitting. Herein, we report a highly efficient hematite/ferrhydrite (Fh) core-shell photoanode system, consisting of hematite (α-FeO) semiconductor nanorods which dramatically enhance light harvesting, and ferrhydrite as the hole-storage shell.

Ecotoxicological effects of sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones and their removal by a green alga (Chlorella vulgaris) and a cyanobacterium (Chrysosporum ovalisporum).

In recent years, antibiotic pollution has become worse, especially in China. In this study, the ecotoxicological effects of four frequently used antibiotics with different lipophilic degrees (log Kow) (sulfadiazine (SD), sulfamethazine (SM2), enrofloxacin (ENR), and norfloxacin (NOR)) at four concentrations of 1, 5, 20, and 50 mg L were examined using batch cultures of green alga Chlorella vulgaris and cyanobacterium Chrysosporum ovalisporum for 16 days based on changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (chl a, Fv/Fm, and ΦPSII) and responses of the antioxidant system. Besides, the antibiotics removal efficiencies of the two microalgae were investigated.

Synthesis of Sulfur-Doped 2D Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol and Hydrogen Evolution.

Sulfur-doped two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (2D-SCN) with efficient photocatalytic activity were synthesized via (1) polycondensation of thiourea to form bulk sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (SCN) and (2) followed by thermal oxidative treatment of the prepared SCN via an etching strategy to form 2D-SCN. Sulfur was doped in situ into SCN by using thiourea as the precursor, and the 2D nanosheet structure was obtained during the thermal oxidative etching process. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the 2D-SCN sample were investigated in detail.

Dynamic Responses of the Caudal Neurosecretory System (CNSS) Under Thermal Stress in Olive Flounder ().

Temperature is a critical environmental factor that affect most biological and physiological processes in fish. The caudal neurosecretory system (CNSS) is unique to fish and is proved to maintain homeostasis during seasonal alterations. However, the dynamic expression and secretion pattern of its major hormones, corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), urotensin I (UI), and urotensin II (UII), and their response to thermal stress has not been studied.

Modified Nanopillar Arrays for Highly Stable and Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

Atomically modified graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (QDs), characterized by strongly increased reactivity and stability, are developed. These are deposited on arrays of TiO nanopillars used as a photoanode for the photoelectrochemical water splitting. This photoanode shows excellent stability, with 111 h of continuous work without any performance loss, which outperforms the best-reported results by a factor of 10.

The Ternary Heterostructures of BiOBr/Ultrathin g-C₃N₄/Black Phosphorous Quantum Dot Composites for Photodegradation of Tetracycline.

Herein, we synthesized BiOBr/ultrathin g-C₃N₄/ternary heterostructures modified with black phosphorous quantum dots using a simple water bath heating and sonication method. The ternary heterostructure was then used for the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline in visible light, with an efficiency as high as 92% after 3 h of irradiation. Thus, the photodegradation efficiency is greatly improved compared to that of ultrathin g-C₃N₄, BiOBr, and black phosphorous quantum dots alone.

In Situ Synthesis of All-Solid-State Z-Scheme BiOBrI/Ag/AgI Photocatalysts with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity Under Visible Light Irradiation.

A series of novel visible light driven all-solid-state Z-scheme BiOBrI/Ag/AgI photocatalysts were synthesized by facile in situ precipitation and photo-reduction methods. Under visible light irradiation, the BiOBrI/Ag/AgI samples exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to BiOBrI and AgI in the degradation of methyl orange (MO). The optimal ratio of added elemental Ag was 15%, which degraded 89% of MO within 20 min.

Behavioral and Metabolic Phenotype Indicate Personality in Zebrafish ().

Consistency of individual differences of animal behavior and personality in reactions to various environmental stresses among their life stages could reflect basic divergences in coping style which may affect survival, social rank, and reproductive success in the wild. However, the physiological mechanisms determining personality remain poorly understood. In order to study whether behavior, metabolism and physiological stress responses relate to the personality, we employed post-stress recovery assays to separate zebrafish into two behavioral types (proactive and reactive).

Synergistic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles/BiVMoO with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity.

In recent years, BiVO has drawn much attention as a novel photocatalyst given its excellent ability to absorb visible light. This work reports the development of Ag-modified BiVMoO composites through a facile hydrothermal synthesis with the subsequent photoinduced reduction of Ag at almost neutral pH conditions. Metallic Ag nanoparticles were deposited on the (040) facet of Mo-doped BiVO powders.