CXCR3 inhibition ameliorates mitochondrial function to mitigate oxidative damage through NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and improves the gut microbiota in mice.

Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy contributes to maintain intracellular iron balance by regulating ferritin degradation, which is essential for redox homeostasis. CXC-motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) is involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and autophagy. However, its role in modulating intestinal oxidative damage through ferritinophagy and the gut microbiota remains unclear.

Effects of Knee Flexor and Extensor Strength on Subjective Function and Motor Performance of Knees After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Objective To evaluate the effects of knee flexor and extensor strength on the subjective function and motor performance of knees after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods A total of 53 patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the National Institute of Sports Medicine,General Administration of Sport of China from June 2015 to June 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study.The patients were followed up time for at least 2 years.

Effects of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Timing on Post-Operative Motor Performance and Proprioception.

Objective To evaluate the effects of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction timing on the motor performance and proprioception by clinical evaluation as well as proprioception and motor performance tests on the patients more than 2 years after ACL reconstruction. Methods The patients who underwent ACL reconstruction in the National Institute of Sports Medicine,General Administration of Sport of China from January 2015 to January 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were followed up,and the postoperative data were collected retrospectively.Fifty-six patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study and categorized into two groups:early surgery (=28,who underwent ACL reconstruction ≤3 weeks after injury) and delayed surgery (=28,who underwent ACL reconstruction >3 weeks after injury).

Efficient EEG Feature Learning Model Combining Random Convolutional Kernel with Wavelet Scattering for Seizure Detection.

Automatic seizure detection has significant value in epilepsy diagnosis and treatment. Although a variety of deep learning models have been proposed to automatically learn electroencephalography (EEG) features for seizure detection, the generalization performance and computational burden of such deep models remain the bottleneck of practical application. In this study, a novel lightweight model based on random convolutional kernel transform (ROCKET) is developed for EEG feature learning for seizure detection.

Observation of spatiotemporal optical vortices enabled by symmetry-breaking slanted nanograting.

Providing additional degrees of freedom to manipulate light, spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) beams carrying transverse orbital angular momentum are of fundamental importance for spatiotemporal control of light-matter interactions. Unfortunately, existing methods to generate STOV are plagued by various limitations such as inefficiency, bulkiness, and complexity. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a microscale singlet platform composed of a slanted nanograting to generate STOV.

Excellent thermomagnetic power generation for harvesting waste heat a second-order ferromagnetic transition.

Thermomagnetic generation (TMG), a promising technology to convert low-grade waste heat to electricity, utilizes high performance TMG materials. However, the drawbacks of large hysteresis, poor mechanical properties and inadequate service life hinder the practical applications. For the first time, we evaluated the effect of different phase transitions on the TMG performance by systematically comparing the TMG performance of three typical Heusler alloys with similar composition but different phase transitions.

Multi-Species Surface Reconstruction for High-Efficiency Perovskite Nanocrystal Light-Emitting Diodes.

Although colloidal perovskite nanocrystal (PNC) solution has exhibited near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), the luminance would be severely quenched when the PNC solution is assembled into thin films due to the agglomeration and fusion of NCs caused by the exfoliation of surface ligands and non-radiative Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from small to large particle sizes, which seriously affected the performances of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, we used Guanidine thiocyanate (GASCN) and Sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) to achieve effective CsPbI PNC surface reconstruction. Due to the strong coordination ability of these small molecules with the anions and cations on the surface of the PNCs, they can provide strong surface protection against PNC fusion during centrifugal purification process and repair the surface defects of PNCs, so that the original uniform size distribution of PNCs can be maintained and FRET between close-packed PNC films is effectively suppressed, which allows the emission characteristics of the films to be preserved.

Themes and ideologies in China's diplomatic discourse - a corpus-assisted discourse analysis in China's official speeches.

Diplomatic discourse is a formalized form of political communication that significantly influences a country's international perception. However, there is a research gap in the analysis of China's diplomatic discourse, particularly in relation to the speeches available on the official Chinese Foreign Ministry website. This study aims to address this gap by conducting a quantitative and qualitative analysis of China's diplomatic speeches.

Compact meta-optics infrared camera based on a polarization-insensitive metalens with a large field of view.

Metasurfaces have recently emerged as a crucial tool because they achieve spherical-aberration-free focusing when exposed to normal incident light. Nevertheless, these metasurfaces often exhibit considerable coma when subjected to oblique incident light, thereby limiting their imaging field of view. In light of this, our study presents the design and an experimental demonstration of a polarization-insensitive, large-field-of-view metalens that uses a silicon metasurface.

Dielectric Metasurface for Synchronously Spiral Phase Contrast and Bright-Field Imaging.

Spiral phase contrast imaging and bright-field imaging are two widely used modes in microscopy, providing distinct morphological information about objects. However, conventional microscopes are always unable to operate with these two modes at the same time and need additional optical elements to switch between them. Here, we present a microscopy setup that incorporates a dielectric metasurface capable of achieving spiral phase contrast imaging and bright-field imaging synchronously.

Untethered Soft Microrobots with Adaptive Logic Gates.

Integrating adaptative logic computation directly into soft microrobots is imperative for the next generation of intelligent soft microrobots as well as for the smart materials to move beyond stimulus-response relationships and toward the intelligent behaviors seen in biological systems. Acquiring adaptivity is coveted for soft microrobots that can adapt to implement different works and respond to different environments either passively or actively through human intervention like biological systems. Here, a novel and simple strategy for constructing untethered soft microrobots based on stimuli-responsive hydrogels that can switch logic gates according to the surrounding stimuli of environment is introduced.

Generation of Perfect Electron Vortex Beam with a Customized Beam Size Independent of Orbital Angular Momentum.

The electron vortex beam (EVB)-carrying quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM) plays an essential role in a series of fundamental research. However, the radius of the transverse intensity profile of a doughnut-shaped EVB strongly depends on the topological charge of the OAM, impeding its wide applications in electron microscopy. Inspired by the perfect vortex in optics, herein, we demonstrate a perfect electron vortex beam (PEVB), which completely unlocks the constraint between the beam size and the beam's OAM.

Versatile full-colour nanopainting enabled by a pixelated plasmonic metasurface.

The growing interest to develop modern digital displays and colour printing has driven the advancement of colouration technologies with remarkable speed. In particular, metasurface-based structural colouration shows a remarkable high colour saturation, wide gamut palette, chiaroscuro presentation and polarization tunability. However, previous approaches cannot simultaneously achieve all these features.

Vertically Aligned Micropillar Arrays Coated with a Conductive Polymer for Advanced Pseudocapacitance Energy Storage.

With the development of high-performance supercapacitors, a conductive polymer (CP)-based pseudocapacitance electrode with good electrical conductivity and low processing costs holds a promising application prospect. As the core component of supercapacitors, the CP electrode with adjustable spacing, a high specific surface area, and a faster ion diffusion path has been extensively investigated. Herein, based on accurate top-down photolithography and electropolymerization approaches, we fabricate a CP-coated vertically aligned micropillar array (MPA) electrode.

Multifunctional metasurfaces enabled by simultaneous and independent control of phase and amplitude for orthogonal polarization states.

Monochromatic light can be characterized by its three fundamental properties: amplitude, phase, and polarization. In this work, we propose a versatile, transmission-mode all-dielectric metasurface platform that can independently manipulate the phase and amplitude for two orthogonal states of polarization in the visible frequency range. For proof-of-concept experimental demonstration, various single-layer metasurfaces composed of subwavelength-spaced titanium-dioxide nanopillars are designed, fabricated, and characterized to exhibit the ability of polarization-switchable multidimensional light-field manipulation, including polarization-switchable grayscale nanoprinting, nonuniform cylindrical lensing, and complex-amplitude holography.

Broadband generation of perfect Poincaré beams via dielectric spin-multiplexed metasurface.

The term Poincaré beam, which describes the space-variant polarization of a light beam carrying spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), plays an important role in various optical applications. Since the radius of a Poincaré beam conventionally depends on the topological charge number, it is difficult to generate a stable and high-quality Poincaré beam by two optical vortices with different topological charge numbers, as the Poincaré beam formed in this way collapses upon propagation. Here, based on an all-dielectric metasurface platform, we experimentally demonstrate broadband generation of a generalized perfect Poincaré beam (PPB), whose radius is independent of the topological charge number.

Broadband detection of multiple spin and orbital angular momenta via dielectric metasurface.

Light beams carrying spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) have created novel opportunities in the areas of optical communications, imaging, micromanipulation and quantum optics. However, complex optical setups are required to simultaneously manipulate, measure and analyze these states, which significantly limits system integration. Here, we introduce a novel detection approach for measuring multiple SAM and OAM modes simultaneously through a planar nanophotonic demultiplexer based on an all-dielectric metasurface.

Independent Amplitude Control of Arbitrary Orthogonal States of Polarization via Dielectric Metasurfaces.

Exquisite polarization control using optical metasurfaces has attracted considerable attention thanks to their ability to manipulate multichannel independent wavefronts with subwavelength resolution. Here we present a new class of metasurface polarization optics, which enables imposition of two arbitrary and independent amplitude profiles on any pair of orthogonal states of polarization. The implementation method involves a polarization-dependent interference mechanism achieved by constructing a metasurface composed of an array of nanoscale birefringent waveplates.

Photonic Spin-Multiplexing Metasurface for Switchable Spiral Phase Contrast Imaging.

As the two most representative operation modes in an optical imaging system, bright-field imaging and phase contrast imaging can extract different morphological information on an object. Developing a miniature and low-cost system capable of switching between these two imaging modes is thus very attractive for a number of applications, such as biomedical imaging. Here, we propose and demonstrate that a Fourier transform setup incorporating an all-dielectric metasurface can perform a two-dimensional spatial differentiation operation and thus achieve isotropic edge detection.

Polarization-independent infrared micro-lens array based on all-silicon metasurfaces.

The long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) micro-lens arrays, as one of the important components in wafer level thermal optics, have been applied for wavefront sensing, beam shaping, integral imaging, and other thermal optical applications. Recently, electromagnetic metasurfaces provide a promising platform for designing high-performance, lightweight and ultracompact optical elements. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a 60 × 60 transmissive type, polarization-independent LWIR micro-lens array based on all-silicon metasurfaces with a fill factor approaching 100%.