cGAS regulates metabolic reprogramming independently of STING pathway in colorectal cancer.

Background: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is widely acknowledged for detecting cytosolic chromatin fragments and triggering innate immune responses through the production of the second messenger cGAMP, which subsequently activates the adaptor protein STING. However, the role of cGAS in regulating metabolic reprogramming independently of STING activation has not yet been explored.

Methods: Gene set enrichment pathway analysis (GSEA) based on TCGA transcriptomics, combined with Seahorse metabolic analysis of CRC cell lines and human normal colonic mucosa cell line FHC, was performed to profile the metabolic features in CRC.

Living and Regenerative Material Encapsulating Self-Assembled -CdS Hybrids for Photocatalytic Biodegradation of Organic Dyes.

Reductive biodegradation by microorganisms has been widely explored for detoxifying recalcitrant contaminants; however, the biodegradation capacity of microbes is limited by the energy level of the released electrons. Here, we developed a method to self-assemble -CdS nanoparticle hybrids with significantly improved reductive biodegradation capacity and constructed a living material by encapsulating the hybrids in hydrogels. The material confines the nano-bacteria hybrids and protects them from environmental stress, thus improving their recyclability and long-term stability (degradation capacity unhindered after 4 weeks).

Overexpressed lncRNA LINC00893 Suppresses Progression of Colon Cancer by Binding with miR-146b-3p to Upregulate PRSS8.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the progression and metastasis of various cancers. LINC00893 has been reported to exert antitumor effect on various cancers such as gastric cancer and thyroid cancer. Bioinformatics analysis also predicted that LINC00893 was downregulated in colon cancer.

A Biosynthesized Near-Infrared-Responsive Nanocomposite Biomaterial for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Treatment.

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has become an appealing alternative strategy to treat infections without developing resistance to microbes. In PDI treatment, near-infrared (NIR) light is preferred because it causes less damage to normal tissues and leads to better penetration in deep tissues. Here, we develop an NIR-responsive nanomedicine for efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial photodynamic treatment.

Immunity analysis against Fowl Adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) based on Fiber-2 trimer Protein with the different virulence.

Since June 2015, Fowl adenovirus outbreaks have occurred in China, causing significant economic losses to poultry industry. The FAdV-4 Fiber-2 proteins could induce effective protection, but the precise mechanism of immune protection remains unknown. Here, we have compared the biological characteristics of Fiber-2 protein of the very virulent WZ strain of FAdV-4 (vvFAdV-4) with that of non-virulent ON1 strain.

MiR-1224 Acts as a Prognostic Biomarker and Inhibits the Progression of Gastric Cancer by Targeting SATB1.

Objective: MiR-1224 has been reported to exhibit abnormal expression in several tumors. However, the expressing pattern and roles of miR-1224 in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Our current research aimed to explore the potential involvement of miR-1224 in the GC progression.

LPCAT1 reprogramming cholesterol metabolism promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Tumor cells require high levels of cholesterol for membrane biogenesis for rapid proliferation during development. Beyond the acquired cholesterol from low-density lipoprotein (LDL) taken up from circulation, tumor cells can also biosynthesize cholesterol. The molecular mechanism underlying cholesterol anabolism in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its effect on patient prognosis are unclear.

Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy of Macrophage-Mediated Egg Yolk Lipid-Derived Delivery System Against Breast Cancer.

Background: Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for most cancers apart from surgery. However, the use of chemotherapeutic drugs is limited by side effects and restricted accumulation in tumors because of unique tumor microenvironments. Macrophages have excellent drug delivery potential owing to their chemotaxis and can home in on tumors.

Leukocyte-Mediated Combined Targeted Chemo and Gene Therapy for Esophageal Cancer.

Poor prognosis of esophageal cancer is associated with limited clinical treatment efficacy and lack of targeted therapies. With advances in nanomedicine, nanoparticle drug delivery systems play increasingly important roles in tumor treatment by enabling the simultaneous delivery of multiple therapeutic agents. We here propose a novel nanovector for targeted combination gene therapy and chemotherapy in esophageal cancer.

Nanovector Assembled from Natural Egg Yolk Lipids for Tumor-Targeted Delivery of Therapeutics.

Nanomedicine uses nanotechnology-based strategies for precision tumor therapy, including passive and ligand-mediated active tumor targeting by nanocarriers. However, the possible biotoxicity of chemosynthetic nanovectors limits their clinical applications. A novel natural egg yolk lipid nanovector (EYLN) was developed for effective loading and delivery of therapeutic agents.

Mitotic checkpoint kinase Mps1/TTK predicts prognosis of colon cancer patients and regulates tumor proliferation and differentiation via PKCα/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt pathway.

Mps1/TTK plays an important role in development of many tumors. The purpose of the present study was designed to investigate the role of TTK in colon cancer. We analyzed TTK and colon cancer in the GEO database, colon cancer tissues and normal tissues were collected to verify the results by immunohistochemistry.

Aptamer-conjugated and doxorubicin-loaded grapefruit-derived nanovectors for targeted therapy against HER2 breast cancer.

Increased human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is a hallmark of HER2 breast cancer. HER2 promotes the growth of cancer cells and makes them particularly aggressive. Currently, trastuzumab is the only HER2-targeted therapeutic agent approved by the FDA for HER2-overexpressing breast cancer treatment.

Prognostic value of the systematic immune-inflammation index among patients with operable colon cancer: A retrospective study.

The systematic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been used to predict the prognosis of patients with various cancers. This study aimed to determine whether the preoperative SII was associated with postoperative survival among patients with operable colon cancer.This retrospective study included 118 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects and 118 patients who underwent radical surgery for colon cancer between January 2011 and December 2013.

Overcoming Drug Resistance in Colon Cancer by Aptamer-Mediated Targeted Co-Delivery of Drug and siRNA Using Grapefruit-Derived Nanovectors.

Background/aims: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the most common cause of chemotherapy failure. Upregulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the main mechanisms underlying MDR.

Methods: In this study, we developed a targeted drug and small interfering (si)RNA co-delivery system based on specific aptamer-conjugated grapefruit-derived nanovectors (GNVs) that we tested in MDR LoVo colon cancer cells.