Ultraviolet vertical thin-film light-emitting diode.

Vertical thin-film light-emitting diode (VTF-LED) adopts a GaN thin-film structure that confines light via the top GaN-air and the bottom GaN-metal interfaces. Such interfaces provide significantly higher optical reflectivity to promote optical confinement. As the structures are cladding-less, VTF-LED can be processed from simpler epitaxial structures comprising a p-n junction and the multi-quantum wells, directly leading to facile fabrication and lower manufacturing costs.

Optical proximity sensors using multiple quantum well didoes.

InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) diodes perform multiple functions, such as optical emission, modulation and reception. In particular, the partially overlapping spectral region between the electroluminescence (EL) and responsivity spectra of each diode results in each diode being able to sense light from another diode of the same MQW structure. Here, we present a noncontact, optical proximity sensing system by integrating an MQW-based light transmitter and detector into a tiny GaN-on-sapphire chip.

Alterations of mannosylated glycopatterns recognized by Hippeastrum hybrid lectin in saliva of patients with lung cancer.

Objectives: Lung cancer (LC) is the malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate worldwide, and precise early diagnosis can improve patient prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether alterations in the glycopatterns recognized by the Hippeastrum hybrid lectin (HHL) in salivary proteins are associated with the development of LC.

Materials And Methods: First, we collected saliva samples from LC (15 lung adenocarcinoma (ADC); 15 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); 15 small cell lung cancer (SCLC)) and 15 benign pulmonary disease (BPD) for high-throughput detection of abundance levels of HHL-recognized glycopatterns using protein microarrays, and then validated the pooled samples from each group with lectin blotting analysis.

High Efficiency and Low Roll-Off Pure-Red Perovskite LED Enabled by Simultaneously Inhibiting Auger and Trap Recombination of Quantum Dots.

CsPbI perovskite quantum dots (QDs) could achieve pure-red emission by reducing their size, but the increased exciton binding energy () and surface defects for the small-sized QDs (SQDs) cause severe Auger and trap recombinations, thus worsening their electroluminescence (EL) performance. Herein, we utilize the dangling bonds of the SQDs as a driving force to accelerate KI dissolution to solve its low solubility in nonpolar solvents, thereby allowing K and I to bond to the surface of SQDs. The of the SQDs was decreased from 305 to 51 meV because of the attraction of K to electrons, meanwhile surface vacancies were passivated by K and I.

Multi-Gb/s visible light communication based on AlGaInP amber micro-LED.

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), pivotal for solid-state illumination (SSL) and highly regarded as potential candidates in visible light communication (VLC) systems, have garnered significant interest as a solution to alleviate the congested radio frequency spectrum in next-generation communications. Addressing the challenge of extremely limited bandwidth due to the low response of phosphor in conventional illumination, our research focuses on an AlGaInP-based amber LED. This LED represents a promising avenue for phosphor-free, high-speed VLC applications when used in conjunction with the prevalent blue LED technology based on nitride materials.

Entropy-Driven Strongly Confined Low-Toxicity Pure-Red Perovskite Quantum Dots for Spectrally Stable Light-Emitting Diodes.

Spectrally stable pure-red perovskite quantum dots (QDs) with low lead content are essential for high-definition displays but are difficult to synthesize due to QD self-purification. Here, we make use of entropy-driven quantum-confined pure-red perovskite QDs to fabricate light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that have low toxicity and are efficient and spectrum-stable. Based on experimental data and first-principles calculations, multiple element alloying results in a 60% reduction in lead content while improving QD entropy to promote crystal stability.

Nonsaturating Linear Magnetoresistance Manifesting Two-Dimensional Transport in Wet-Chemical Patternable BiOTe Thin Films.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with exotic transport behaviors have attracted extensive interest in microelectronics and condensed matter physics, while scaled-up 2D thin films compatible with the efficient wet-chemical etching process represent realistic advancement toward new-generation integrated functional devices. Here, thickness-controllable growth and chemical patterning of high-quality BiOTe continuous films are demonstrated. Noticeably, except for an ultrahigh mobility (∼45074 cm V s at 2 K) and obvious Shubnikov-de Hass quantum oscillations, a 2D transport channel and large linear magnetoresistance are revealed in the patterned BiOTe films.

Advances in biosynthesis of peptide drugs: Technology and industrialization.

Peptide drugs are developed from endogenous or synthetic peptides with specific biological activities. They have advantages of strong target specificity, high efficacy and low toxicity, thus showing great promise in the treatment of many diseases such as cancer, infections, and diabetes. Although an increasing number of peptide drugs have entered market in recent years, the preparation of peptide drug substances is yet a bottleneck problem for their industrial production.

Monolithic integrated MQW-based optoelectronic glucose sensor.

This study presents the development process of a multi-quantum well (MQW)-based optoelectronic integrated device designed for precise glucose concentration measurements. The proposed monolithic device consists of two identical diodes containing InGaN/GaN MQWs, serving as a light emitter (LED) and a photodetector (PD), respectively. The chip is meticulously packaged with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to facilitate exposure to the glucose solution.

Two-Dimensional Superconductivity in Air-Stable Single-Crystal Few-Layer BiOS.

The progress of unconventional superconductors at the two-dimensional (2D) limit has inspired much interest. Recently, a new superconducting system was discovered in the semimetallic ternary Bi-O-S family. However, pure-phase crystals are difficult to synthesize because of the complicated stacking sequence of multiple charged layers and similar formation kinetics among ternary polytypes, leaving several fundamental issues regarding the structure-superconductivity correlation unresolved.

Integrated glycomics strategy for galactosylated-N-glycans recognized by Bandeiraea Simplicifolia Lectin I in salivary proteins associated with lung cancer.

Purpose: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, mainly due to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Saliva is an important source for discovering biomarkers and contains an abundance of biological information. The purpose of this study was to determine whether galactosylation levels of salivary proteins are associated with LC.

High-Efficiency Pure-Red Perovskite Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes.

It is still challenging to achieve high-efficiency pure-red (620-650 nm wavelength) perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Herein, we report pure-red PeLEDs with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates (0.703, 0.

Operational Stability Issues and Challenges in Metal Halide Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (Pe-LEDs) have shown promise for high-definition displays because of their wide color gamut (∼140%) and narrow emission band. Although the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of Pe-LEDs increased rapidly from ∼1% to more than 20% in several years, they still suffer from poor operational stability, which has been recognized as the bottleneck for commercial application of Pe-LEDs. Although the environmental sensitivity of perovskites can be avoided by encapsulation approaches, the ion migration of perovskites is easily induced by crystal defects under the action of an electric field in the operating state, thus accelerating irreversible phase transition and physical degradation of the perovskites.

High Efficiency and Narrow Emission Band Pure-Red Perovskite Colloidal Quantum Wells.

Colloidal quantum wells (CQWs) have excellent optical performance, such as ultranarrow emission, due to strong quantum confinement in the vertical direction. However, there are few reports on metal halide perovskite CQWs with high-purity red emission (∼630 nm) for the display application, owing to the broadened photoluminescence spectrum and beyond the red emission range. Herein, we successfully synthesize high-quality CsPbI CQWs in a strong electronegative solvent (mesitylene), which cut the chemical reaction rate of the precursor system to slow down the crystal nuclei growth.

Difference in light use strategy in red alga between Griffithsia pacifica and Porphyridium purpureum.

Phycobilisomes (PBSs) are the largest light-harvesting antenna in red algae, and feature high efficiency and rate of energy transfer even in a dim environment. To understand the influence of light on the energy transfer in PBSs, two red algae Griffithsia pacifica and Porphyridium purpureum living in different light environment were selected for this research. The energy transfer dynamics in PBSs of the two red algae were studied in time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy in sub-picosecond resolution.

Occurrence and Fate of Steroid Estrogens in a Chinese Typical Concentrated Dairy Farm and Slurry Irrigated Soil.

Animal husbandry is the second largest source of steroid estrogen (SE) pollutants in the environment, and it is significant to investigate the occurrence and fate of SEs discharged from concentrated animal feeding operations. In this research, with a Chinese typical concentrated dairy farm as the object, the concentrations of SEs (E1, 17α-E2, 17β-E2, E3, and E1-S3) in slurry, lagoon water, and slurry-irrigated soil samples in summer, autumn, and winter were determined. The total concentrations of SEs (mainly E1, 17α-E2, and 17β-E2) in slurry were very high in the range of 263.

Feasibility and mechanism of enhanced 17β-estradiol degradation by the nano Zero Valent Iron-citrate system.

17β-Estradiol (17β-E2) as a non-conventional pollutant with high damage, the effective removal of 17β-E2 had been studied wildly. In recent years, nano materials application enabled the rapid removal of 17β-E2. Nano zero valent iron (nZVI) as one of the most widely used nano materials could also be used to degrade 17β-E2.

[Fast Removal of CT Ring Artifacts].

Objective: To explore how to remove CT ring-shaped artifact quickly and effectively, and to improve accuracy of CT reconstruction image.

Methods: CT graphics (including the ring-shaped artifacts) were used first in coordinate transformation with a new transformation method. A two-dimensional filter was designed to filter the image.

Unusual method for phenolic hydroxyl bridged lanthanide CPs: syntheses, characterization, one and two photon luminescence.

A "basophilic method" for phenolic hydroxyl bridged lanthanide coordination polymers (CPs) was developed. With this method, eleven CPs with the general formula of [Ln(HL1)L1·H(2)O](n) (Ln = Tb (1), Nd (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), La (5), Er (6), Y (7), H(2)L1 = 4-methyl salicylic acid) and [Ln(HL2)L2·2MeOH](n) (Ln = Eu (8), Tb (9), Gd (10), La (11), H(2)L2 = 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) were synthesized based on two ligands, and five of them (1-4 and 8) were characterised by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns (PXRD) of complexes showed that 1-7 are isostructural, 8-11 are isostructural.

An aggregation-induced emission luminophore with multi-stimuli single- and two-photon fluorescence switching and large two-photon absorption cross section.

A novel aggregation- and crystallization-induced emission luminophore (ENPOMe) containing tetraphenylethene and acrylonitrile moieties with high fluorescence efficiency (Φ(F) of up to 0.85) has been easily synthesized. ENPOMe has an exceptionally large two-photon absorption cross section (σ) of 5548 GM, and exhibits striking multi-stimuli-responsive single- and two-photon fluorescence switching with excellent reversibility in the solid state.

Globally optimized fiber tracking and hierarchical clustering -- a unified framework.

Structural connectivity between cortical regions of the human brain can be characterized noninvasively with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based fiber tractography. In this paper, a novel fiber tractography technique, globally optimized fiber tracking and hierarchical fiber clustering, is presented. The proposed technique uses k-means clustering in conjunction with modified Hubert statistic to partition fiber pathways, which are evaluated with simultaneous consideration of consistency with underlying DTI data and smoothness of fiber courses in the sense of global optimality, into individual anatomically coherent fiber bundles.

A versatile Tb(III) complex for picosecond filamentation, a transparent thin film and a supramolecular gel.

The first complex picosecond filament, namely a filament of terbium(III) p-hydroxybenzoate, is observed. The filament is the only example of Ln(III) ion two-photon absorption in a complex. A transparent, colorless and mechanically robust thin film, as well as a supramolecular gel, of this complex are prepared in a facile manner and exhibit strong luminescence.