Sedentary Leisure Behaviour, Physical Activity, and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Evidence From a Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background And Aims: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common worldwide. Although associations between sedentary behaviour (LSBs), physical activity (PAs), and GERD have been reported, their causal relationships remain unclear. This study uses Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine these associations with GERD.

Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and In-Hospital Mortality and Costs in Older Inpatients With and Without Cancer: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Aims: To explore the association of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) with in-hospital mortality and costs in older inpatients and to compare these associations between cancer and non-cancer patients to inform clinical practice.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Methods: A hospital-based study was conducted in Southwest China between January 2018 and December 2020.

Frailty Risk Patterns and Mortality Prediction in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study.

Objectives: Frailty is a heterogeneous syndrome with distinct patterns. This study aimed to identify frailty risk patterns and their predictive value for mortality in older adults.

Design: Prospective longitudinal study.

Effect of Danhong injection on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in rats.

Background And Objectives: Rivaroxaban is often used in combination with DHI to treat thromboembolic disease. Whether the combination causing HDIs is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of DHI on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in rats and effects on CYP3A2.

Fabrication of Solvent-Free Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Wide-Temperature All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries.

All-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) have been regarded as promising candidates to settle the safety issues of liquid electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries. However, the currently reported gel polymer electrolytes still have flammable liquid solvents, thus leading to the potential safety hazard. Here, solvent-free deep eutectic solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are designed and fabricated via an polymerization, which are composed of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) electrospun membrane, succinonitrile (SN), poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA200, = 200 g mol), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB).

Construction and Validation of a Novel Forecasting Nomogram to the Risk of Colorectal Adenomas: Preventing Colorectal Cancer at Its Origin.

Colorectal adenomas are responsible for the origin of most colorectal cancers. Early detection together with active intervention of colorectal adenomas plays a crucial role in the prevention of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to construct and validate a new nomogram for the forecasting of the risk of colorectal adenomas based on lifestyle risk factors that could offer potential benefits for colorectal cancer prevention.

Identification and prediction of frailty among community-dwelling older Japanese adults based on Bayesian network analysis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Background: Frailty is a multifactorial syndrome; through this study, we aimed to investigate the physiological, psychological, and social factors associated with frailty and frailty worsening in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional and longitudinal study using data from the "Community Empowerment and Well-Being and Healthy Long-term Care: Evidence from a Cohort Study (CEC)," which focuses on community dwellers aged 65 and above in Japan. The sample of the cross-sectional study was drawn from a CEC study conducted in 2014 with a total of 673 participants.

Protective effects of a novel bicyclic γ-butyrolactone compound against HO or corticosterone-induced neural cell apoptosis.

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in various neurological disorders, encompassing both neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and mood disorders like depression. The balance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the cell's antioxidant defenses, when disrupted, can lead to neuronal damage and neurologic dysfunction. In this study, we focused on the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in various neurologic disease models in vitro and investigated the neuroprotective capabilities of some novel bicyclic γ-butyrolactone compounds, with particular emphasis on the compound designated as 'bd'.

GFRA4 improves the neurogenic potential of enteric neural crest stem cells via hedgehog pathway.

Background: Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital intestinal disease characterised by functional obstruction of the colon. Herein, we investigated the role and mechanism of the gene GFRA4 in HSCR.

Methods: GFRA4 expression in the ganglionic and aganglionic segment tissues in patients with HSCR and healthy colon tissues were detected using qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry.

Social Frailty and Functional Status in Japanese Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Subjective Cognitive Function.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the direct and indirect effects of social frailty on functional state trajectories mediated by subjective cognitive function in older adults.

Design: Longitudinal study.

Setting And Participants: Overall, 514 adults aged ≥65 years living in a suburban area of central Japan were included in this study.

Unveiling the driving role of pH on community stability and function during lignocellulose degradation in paddy soil.

Introduction: Crop straw, a major by-product of agricultural production, is pivotal in maintaining soil health and preserving the ecological environment. While straw incorporation is widely recognized as a sustainable practice, the incomplete decomposition of crop residues poses challenges to plant growth, increasing the risk of pests and diseases. This necessitates a comprehensive investigation.

Effect of berberine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atorvastatin in hyperlipidemia rats.

Atorvastatin, an effective lipid-lowering drug, could reduce the risks of morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. Patients with cardiovascular diseases often use atorvastatin along with berberine. Atorvastatin is the substrate of CYP3A4 and P-gp.

Cutaneous manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease: basic characteristics, therapy, and potential pathophysiological associations.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease typically involving the gastrointestinal tract but not limited to it. IBD can be subdivided into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) are observed in up to 47% of patients with IBD, with the most frequent reports of cutaneous manifestations.

Fabrication of dendritic PdCu alloy supported on 3D N-doped hollow graphene for efficient ethanol electrooxidation.

Fabricating highly efficient Pd-based nanocatalysts with a well-defined structure is desired for the commercialization of direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC). Herein, a series of hierarchical three-dimensional N-doped hollow graphene spheres (NHGS) supported dendritic PdCu alloy catalysts PdCu-NHGS (x: Cu/Pd theoretical molar ratio of 4, 2, and 1) are assembled by one-pot ascorbic acid reduction-immobilization method. Aiming to maximize the Pd utilization and realize the efficient ethanol electrooxidation, this novel electrocatalyst offers potent activity sites and promotes electron and ion kinetics simultaneously.

Influence of Gegenqinlian decoction on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of saxagliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Gegenqinlian decoction (GQD) is a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which originated from Shanghanlun. The combination of GQD and hypoglycemic drugs (saxagliptin, Sax, metformin) is often used to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in TCM clinics. However, the herb-drug interactions (HDIs) between GQD and hypoglycemic drugs are still unclear.

Latent Subtype of Cognitive Frailty among Multimorbidity Older Adults and Their Association with Social Relationships.

This study aimed to explore all the relevant subtypes of cognitive frailty among Japanese community-dwelling older adults with multimorbidity. Moreover, it examined the associations between these potential subtypes of cognitive frailty and social relationships. This study targeted relevant cross-sectional data regarding community-based older adults with multimorbidity.

Improved simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in fixed-bed baffled bioreactors treating mariculture wastewater: Performance and microbial community behaviors.

As mariculture develops, wastewater treatment becomes crucial. In this study, fixed-bed baffled reactors (FBRs) packed with carbon fiber (CFBR) or polyurethane (PFBR) as biofilm carriers were used for mariculture wastewater treatment. Under salinity shocks between 0.

Long-circulating doxorubicin and Schizandrin A liposome with drug-resistant liver cancer activity: and evaluation.

Co-loading doxorubicin (DOX) and Schizandrin A (SchA) long-circulating liposome (SchA-DOX-Lip) have been confirmed to have good antitumor activity . However, pharmacodynamics, targeting, safety, and mechanism of action of SchA-DOX-Lip still need to be further verified. We investigated the tumor inhibition effect, targeting, safety evaluation, and regulation of tumor apoptosis-related proteins of the SchA-DOX-Lip.

Production of Diethyl Maleate via Oxidative Depolymerization of Organosolv Lignin from Wheat Stalk over the Cooperative Acidic Ionic Liquid Pair.

Lignin, the second largest component of biomass, is considered as an important alternative source of fossil reserves for the production of fuels and chemicals. Here, we developed a novel method to oxidatively degrade organosolv lignin into value-added four-carbon esters, particularly diethyl maleate (DEM), with the cooperative catalyst consisting of 1-(3-sulfobutyl) triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([BSTEA]HSO) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ferric chloride ([BMIM]FeCl). Under optimized conditions (1.

Producing Lignin and Ethyl Levulinate from Wheat Stalk Using 1-(3-Sulfobutyl) Triethylammonium Hydrogen Sulfate and USY Zeolite.

The facile, green, and efficient strategy for the separation of lignin from straw and subsequent production of value-added chemicals is crucial to the current utilization of straw. Herein, up to 23.72% of lignin was isolated from wheat stalk over cheap and green 1-(3-sulfobutyl) triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([BSTEA]HSO) in aqueous ethanol (: = 4:1).

Role of Multifaceted Social Relationships on the Association of Loneliness with Depression Symptoms: A Moderated Mediation Analysis.

Strong relationship exists between loneliness and depression in older adults. However, the effect of multifaceted social relationships on the relationship between loneliness and depression has not been explored. The purpose of the current study was to find out how multifaceted social relationships affect the aforementioned processes.

Hybridizing electron-mediated HPMoVO with CdS/g-CN for efficient photocatalytic performance of Z-scheme heterojunction in wastewater treatment.

Photocatalytic technology has been considered as a promising method to alleviate environmental pollution owing to the dual characteristics of redox. The novel V-based HPMoVO (HPA-2) photocatalyst with Z-scheme heterostructure was constructed. The energy level of HPA-2 matches well with CdS and g-CN (CN) according to Mott-Schottky and UV-Vis diffused reflectance tests, which allows the efficient separation of photogenerated electrons.

Heterologous Expression of a Thermostable α-Galactosidase from Isolated from the Lignocellulolytic Microbial Consortium TMC7.

α-Galactosidase is a debranching enzyme widely used in the food, feed, paper, and pharmaceuticals industries and plays an important role in hemicellulose degradation. Here, T26, an aerobic bacterial strain with thermostable α-galactosidase activity, was isolated from laboratory-preserved lignocellulolytic microbial consortium TMC7, and identified as . The α-galactosidase, called T26GAL and derived from the T26 culture supernatant, exhibited a maximum enzyme activity of 0.