Viral RNA polymerase as a SUMOylation decoy inhibits RNA quality control to promote potyvirus infection.

Potyvirids are the largest group of plant RNA viruses. Pelota, a core component of RNA quality controls (RQC), promotes the degradation of potyvirids' genomic RNA by recognizing a specific GA motif. Here we demonstrate that the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, NIb, acts as a SUMOylation decoy to effectively reduce Pelota SUMOylation by competing with SCE1 to inhibit Pelota-mediated RQC.

RNA modifications in plant biotic interactions.

The chemical modification of DNA and proteins is an efficient way of regulating molecular and biological function and affects a plethora of signalling pathways in eukaryotes. Similarly, recent progress in epitranscriptomics shows that RNA modifications also play crucial roles in diverse biological processes. Since their discovery in the 1970s, scientists have attempted to decipher the identity and functions of these modifications in different biological systems.

Rapid Assembly of Ultrafine Palladium Nanoparticle-Decorated HOF-101 Triggered by Guest Enzyme Encapsulation.

Rapid enzyme immobilization is essential for enzyme catalysis and sensing applications, yet constructing effective immobilization systems is challenging due to the need to balance enzyme activity with the properties of the surrounding framework. Herein, taking glucose oxidase (GOx) as a model, a rapid and straightforward approach was presented for synthesizing palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs)-decorated GOx encapsulated in HOF-101 nanocomposite materials (designated as PdNPs/GOx@HOF-101) through an in situ photoreduction and enzyme-triggering HOF-101 encapsulation. The enzyme's surface residues trigger the nucleation of HOF-101 around it through the hydrogen-bonded bio interface, completing the self-assembly of HOF-101 in 0.

A Negative Feedback Loop Compromises NMD-Mediated Virus Restriction by the Autophagy Pathway in Plants.

Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) and autophagy play pivotal roles in restricting virus infection in plants. However, the interconnection between these two pathways in viral infections has not been explored. Here, it is shown that overexpression of NbSMG7 and NbUPF3 attenuates cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) infection by recognizing the viral internal termination codon and vice versa.

Shedding light on imaging safety: Decoding the origin of photocytotoxicity in RhB-assisted fluorescence imaging.

Photocytotoxicity represents a significant limitation in the application of dye-assisted fluorescence imaging (FI), often resulting in undesirable cellular damage or even cell death, thereby restricting their practical utility. The prevalence of Rhodamine B (RhB) in FI underscores the importance of elucidating its photocytotoxicity effects to minimize photodamage. This study identifies the primary cause of photocytotoxicity stems from the generation of cytotoxic singlet oxygen in RhB, utilizing femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy coupled with quantum chemical calculations.

Deciphering Oxygen-Independent Augmented Photodynamic Oncotherapy by Facilitating the Separation of Electron-Hole Pairs.

Developing Type-I photosensitizers provides an attractive approach to solve the dilemma of inadequate efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) caused by the inherent oxygen consumption of traditional Type-II PDT and anoxic tumor microenvironment. The challenge for the exploration of Type-I PSs is to facilitate the electron transfer ability of photosensitization molecules for transforming oxygen or HO to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we propose an electronic acceptor-triggered photoinduced electron transfer (a-PET) strategy promoting the separation of electron-hole pairs by marriage of two organic semiconducting molecules of a non-fullerene scaffold-based photosensitizer and a perylene diimide that significantly boost the Type-I PDT pathway to produce plentiful ROS, especially, inducing 3.

Roles of RNA mA modifications in plant-virus interactions.

Viral RNAs have been known to contain N-methyladenosine (mA) modifications since the 1970s. The function of these modifications remained unknown until the development of genome-wide methods to map mA residues. Increasing evidence has recently revealed a strong association between mA modifications and plant viral infection.

Photostable Organic Two-photon Dyes with Ultrahigh Brightness for Long-term Fluorescence Imaging.

Developing photostable two-photon dyes with high brightness and negligible photocytotoxicity is of key importance in fluorescence imaging but remains a huge challenge. Here, a two-photon dye with ultrahigh brightness and photostability is demonstrated for high-performance long-term two-photon fluorescence imaging. By terminated donor engineering, the designed DBD shows a higher two-photon absorption cross-section (δ, 418 GM vs 329 GM) and photoluminescence quantum yield (Φ , 62.

Excimer-Mediated Ultrafast Intermolecular Nonradiative Decay Enables Giant Photothermal Performance for Optimized Phototheranostic.

Developing organic photothermal materials (OPMs) with high photothermal performance for phototheranostic mainly focus on the manipulation of intramolecular nonradiative (intraNR) decay, which often requires quite complicated and time-consuming molecular engineering. In addition to intraNR decay, intermolecular nonradiative (interNR) decay is equally important and more convenient in governing photothermal performance. However, controlling interNR decay remains challenging due to the limited understanding of their origin and dynamics.

Identification and validation of cuproptosis related genes and signature markers in bronchopulmonary dysplasia disease using bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.

Background: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) has a high incidence and affects the health of preterm infants. Cuproptosis is a novel form of cell death, but its mechanism of action in the disease is not yet clear. Machine learning, the latest tool for the analysis of biological samples, is still relatively rarely used for in-depth analysis and prediction of diseases.

A mitochondria targetable near-infrared fluorescence probe for glutathione visual biological detection.

Glutathione (GSH), an abundant non-protein thiol, plays a crucial role in numerous biotic processes. Herein, a mitochondria-targeted near-infrared GSH probe (JGP) was synthesized, which displayed desired properties with high specificity and sensitivity, appreciable water solubility, and rapid response time. In the presence of GSH, nearly a 13-fold fluorescence emission growth appeared at 730 nm and the solvent color changed from blue to cyan.

A CdSe@CdS quantum dots based electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for sensitive detection of ochratoxin A.

In this work, a CdSe@CdS quantum dots (QDs) based label-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was developed for the specific and sensitive detection of ochratoxin A (OTA). Chitosan (CHI) could immobilize abundant QDs on the surface of an Au electrode as the luminescent nanomaterials. Glutaraldehyde was used as the crosslinking agent for coupling a large number of OTA aptamers.