Advances in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of multiple-level noncontiguous spinal fractures.

Multiple-level noncontiguous spinal fractures (MNSF) are spinal fractures that involve at least 2 sites and are characterized by the presence of one intact vertebra or intact functional spinal unit between the fractured vertebrae. MNSF account for 2.5-19% of all spinal fractures.

Clinicopathologic and prognostic characteristics of tumor budding-like in giant cell tumor of bone.

Background: Currently, tumor budding (TB) is defined as an important factor for a poor prognosis in various types of cancers. The authors identified a significant presence of TB-like structures at the tumor invasive front in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), which may have the same biologic function as TB. The objective of this report was to describe the distribution of TB in GCTB and investigate its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics, the immune microenvironment, survival prognosis, and response to denosumab treatment.

Hypoxic Upregulation of IER2 Increases Paracrine GMFG Signaling of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-CAF to Promote Chordoma Progression via Targeting ITGB1.

Currently, the oncogenic mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress-CAF (ERS-CAF) subpopulation in chordoma remains unknown. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler, data-independent acquisition proteomics, bulk RNA-seq, and multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence are used to unveil the precise molecular mechanism of how ERS-CAF affected chordoma progression. Results show that hypoxic microenvironment reprograms CAFs into ERS-CAF subtype.

Lymphocyte Infiltration Score and Spatial Characteristics Refined the Prognosis and Denosumab Treatment Responsiveness Indicators for Giant Cell Tumor of Bone.

Purpose: The prognostic value of lymphocyte infiltration score (LIS) and its nearest neighbor distance to tumor cells (NNDTC) in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is currently not well established. This study aims to characterize LIS and NNDTC and examine their correlation with denosumab treatment responsiveness, clinicopathologic features, and patient prognosis.

Methods: Using multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence, LIS was evaluated in 253 tumor specimens, whereas NNDTC was computed using HALO software.

Antibiotic resistance and epidemiological characteristics of polymyxin-resistant .

Objectives: The emergence of polymyxin-resistant (KPN) in clinical settings necessitates an analysis of its antibiotic resistance characteristics, epidemiological features, and risk factors for its development. This study aims to provide insights for the prevention and control of polymyxin-resistant KPN infections.

Methods: Thirty clinical isolates of polymyxin-resistant KPN were collected from the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.

Biomechanical analysis of the tandem spinal external fixation in a multiple-level noncontiguous lumbar fractures model: a finite element analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of the tandem spinal external fixation (TSEF) for treating multilevel noncontiguous spinal fracture (MNSF) using finite element analysis and provide a theoretical basis for clinical application.

Methods: We constructed two models of L2 and L4 vertebral fractures that were fixed with the TSEF and the long-segment spinal inner fixation (LSIF). The range of motion (ROM), maximum stresses at L2 and L4 vertebrae, the screws and rods, and the intervertebral discs of the two models were recorded under load control.

Is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Spinal Degenerative Disorders?: Evidence from Observational and 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and spinal degenerative disorders (SDD) are common diseases that frequently coexist. However, both traditional observational studies and recent Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have demonstrated conflicting evidence on the association between T2DM and SDD. This comparative study explored and compared the association between T2DM and SDD using observational and MR analyses.

Complex immune microenvironment of chordoma: a road map for future treatment.

Background: Chordoma, a rare bone tumor, presents limited treatment options and patients typically exhibit poor survival outcomes. While immunotherapy has shown promising results in treating various tumors, research on the immune microenvironment of chordomas is still in its early stages. Therefore, understanding how the immune microenvironment of chordomas influences the outcomes of immunotherapy is crucial.

Apoptosis Signal-Regulated Kinase-1 Promotes Nucleus Pulposus Cell Senescence and Apoptosis to Regulate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

This study investigated the role of apoptosis signal-regulated kinase-1 (ASK1) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues of non-IDD and IDD patients were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, Safranin O-fast green, and immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the ASK1 mRNA level within NP tissue samples and cells.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the MIF/ACKR3 receptor-ligand interaction between neutrophils and nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objectives: To unravel the heterogeneity and function of microenvironmental neutrophils during intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD).

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was utilized to dissect the cellular landscape of neutrophils in intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues and their crosstalk with nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The expression levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and ACKR3 in IVD tissues were detected.

Clonal transmission of bla-carrying ST196 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates mediated by the IncN plasmid in China.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical and molecular epidemiological characteristics of bla-carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary hospital in China.

Methods: Ten carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates carrying the bla gene were collected.

Pangenome analysis of Shewanella xiamenensis revealed important genetic traits concerning genetic diversity, pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance.

Background: Shewanella xiamenensis, widely distributed in natural environments, has long been considered as opportunistic pathogen. Recently, significant changes in the resistance spectrum have been observed in S. xiamenensis, due to acquired antibiotic resistance genes.

Molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant hypervirulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in China.

Background: Recently, extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDR-PA) isolates have been increasingly detected and posed great challenges to clinical anti-infection treatments. However, little is known about extensively resistant hypervirulent P. aeruginosa (XDR-hvPA).

Cardiovascular-specific mortality and risk factors in colorectal Cancer patients: A cohort study based on registry data of over 500,000 individuals in the US.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and recent studies have found that CRC patients are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to investigate competing causes of death and prognostic factors among a large cohort of CRC patients and to describe cardiovascular-specific mortality in relation to the US standard population.

Methods: This registry-based cohort study identified patients diagnosed with CRC between 1973 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database in the US.

A breast cancer classification and immune landscape analysis based on cancer stem-cell-related risk panel.

This study sought to identify molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC) and develop a breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs)-related gene risk score for predicting prognosis and assessing the potential for immunotherapy. Unsupervised clustering based on prognostic BCSC genes was used to determine BC molecular subtypes. Core genes of BC subtypes identified by non-negative matrix factorization algorithm (NMF) were screened using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).

Global cluster analysis and network visualization in cancer-associated fibroblast: insights from Web of Science database from 1999 to 2021.

Background: A scientific and comprehensive analysis of the current status and trends in the field of cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) research is worth investigating. This study aims to investigate and visualize the development, research frontiers, and future trends in CAFs both quantitatively and qualitatively based on a bibliometric approach.

Methods: A total of 5518 publications were downloaded from the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection from 1999 to 2021 and identified for bibliometric analysis.

Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals endoplasmic reticulum stress-related CAF subpopulations associated with chordoma progression.

Background: With cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as the main cell type, the rich myxoid stromal components in chordoma tissues may likely contribute to its development and progression.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics, bulk RNA-seq, and multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) were used to dissect the heterogeneity, spatial distribution, and clinical implication of CAFs in chordoma.

Results: We sequenced here 72 097 single cells from 3 primary and 3 recurrent tumor samples, as well as 3 nucleus pulposus samples as controls using scRNA-seq.

ChatGPT encounters multiple opportunities and challenges in neurosurgery.

Background: ChatGPT, powered by the GPT model and Transformer architecture, has demonstrated remarkable performance in the domains of medicine and healthcare, providing customized and informative responses. In our study, we investigated the potential of ChatGPT in the field of neurosurgery, focusing on its applications at the patient, neurosurgery student/resident, and neurosurgeon levels.

Method: The authors conducted inquiries with ChatGPT from the viewpoints of patients, neurosurgery students/residents, and neurosurgeons, covering a range of topics, such as disease diagnosis, treatment options, prognosis, rehabilitation, and patient care.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in axial chondroblastomas: a retrospective analysis of 61 cases and comparison with extra-axial chondroblastomas.

Background: A comprehensive understanding of the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors associated with axial chondroblastoma (ACB) is still lacking. This study aimed to understand the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of axial chondroblastoma (ACB) and compare them with extra-axial chondroblastoma (EACB).

Methods: A retrospective review of our institution's local database was conducted, encompassing a total of 132 CB patients, of which 61 were diagnosed with ACB and 71 with EACB.

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Biofilm Supernatant of PA75 and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antitumor Activities.

Purpose: As an under-explored biomaterial, bacterial biofilms have a wide range of applications in the green synthesis of nanomaterials. The biofilm supernatant of PA75 was used to synthesize novel silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). BF75-AgNPs were found to possess several biological properties.

Metagenomic analysis reveals the short-term influences on conjugation of bla and microbiome in hospital wastewater by silver nanoparticles at environmental-related concentration.

Hospital wastewater contains large amounts of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and serves as an important reservoir for horizontal gene transfer (HGT). However, the response of the microbiome in hospital wastewater to silver remains unclear. In this study, the short-term impacts of silver on the microbiome in hospital wastewater were investigated by metagenome next-generation sequencing.

Clonal transmission of polymyxin B-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates coharboring bla and bla in a tertiary hospital in China.

Background: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (MDR-hvKP) has gradually increased. It poses a severe threat to human health.