Clinical characteristics and detection of MYB-QKI fusions in patients with angiocentric glioma.

Purpose: Angiocentric glioma (AG), a benign tumor identified within the last two decades, was officially included in the 2007 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, WHO grade I. The tumor is relatively rare, with only approximately 100 cases reported. We aim to complement the characteristics and long-term prognosis of AG, as well as to detect MYB-QKI fusions.

Enrichment of oligodendrocyte precursor phenotypes in subsets of low-grade glioneuronal tumours.

Current histological classification of low-grade glioneuronal tumours does not adequately represent their underlying biology. The neural lineage(s) and differentiation stage(s) involved and the cell state(s) affected by the recurrent genomic alterations are unclear. Here, we describe dysregulated oligodendrocyte lineage developmental programmes in three low-grade glioneuronal tumour subtypes.

Predictors of seizure outcomes in stereo-electroencephalography-guided radio-frequency thermocoagulation for MRI-negative epilepsy.

Background: One-third of intractable epilepsy patients have no visually identifiable focus for neurosurgery based on imaging tests [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-negative cases]. Stereo-electroencephalography-guided radio-frequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided RF-TC) is utilized in the clinical treatment of epilepsy to lower the incidence of complications post-open surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and long-term seizure outcomes in SEEG-guided RF-TC for patients with MRI-negative epilepsy.

A Fully Automated Deep-Learning Model for Predicting the Molecular Subtypes of Posterior Fossa Ependymomas Using T2-Weighted Images.

Purpose: We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning (DL) model to automatically segment posterior fossa ependymoma (PF-EPN) and predict its molecular subtypes [Group A (PFA) and Group B (PFB)] from preoperative MR images.

Experimental Design: We retrospectively identified 227 PF-EPNs (development and internal test sets) with available preoperative T2-weighted (T2w) MR images and molecular status to develop and test a 3D nnU-Net (referred to as T2-nnU-Net) for tumor segmentation and molecular subtype prediction. The network was externally tested using an external independent set [n = 40; subset-1 (n = 31) and subset-2 (n =9)] and prospectively enrolled cases [prospective validation set (n = 27)].

"Soap bubble" sign as an imaging marker for posterior fossa ependymoma Group B.

Purpose: To investigate the predictive value of the "soap bubble" sign on molecular subtypes (Group A [PFA] and Group B [PFB]) of posterior fossa ependymomas (PF-EPNs).

Methods: MRI scans of 227 PF-EPNs (internal retrospective discovery set) were evaluated by two independent neuroradiologists to assess the "soap bubble" sign, which was defined as clusters of cysts of various sizes that look like "soap bubbles" on T2-weighted images. Two independent cohorts (external validation set [n = 31] and prospective validation set [n = 27]) were collected to validate the "soap bubble" sign.

Primary papillary epithelial tumor of the sella and posterior pituitary tumor show similar (epi)genetic features and constitute a single neuro-oncological entity.

Background: "Primary papillary epithelial tumor of the sella (PPETS)" is a recently described rare tumor entity of the central nervous system (CNS) with stereotypic location in the sella. Comprehensive molecular investigations and epigenetic profiles of PPETS have not been performed to date.

Methods: We report a comprehensive clinical, histopathologic, and molecular assessment of 5 PPETS cases in comparison with a cohort composed of 7 choroid plexus papilloma (CPP), 7 central neurocytoma (CN), 15 posterior pituitary tumor (PPT) including 4 pituicytoma, 6 granular cell tumors of the sellar region (GCT), and 5 spindle cell oncocytoma.

Calibration of Near Infrared Spectroscopy of Apples with Different Fruit Sizes to Improve Soluble Solids Content Model Performance.

The transmission spectrum of apples is affected by the fruit's size, which leads to poor prediction performance of the soluble solids content (SSC) models built for their different apple sizes. In this paper, three sets of near infrared (NIR) spectra of apples with various apple diameters were collected by applying NIR spectroscopy detection equipment to compare the spectra differences among various apple diameter groups. The NIR spectra of apples were corrected by studying the extinction rates within different apples.

Correlation Between Ictal Signs and Anatomical Subgroups in Temporal Lobe Seizures: A Stereoelectroencephalography Study.

Objective: Ictal semiology is a fundamental part of the presurgical evaluation of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. We aimed to identify different anatomical and semiologic subgroups in temporal lobe seizures, and investigate the correlation between them.

Methods: We enrolled 93 patients for whom stereoelectroencephalography exploration indicated that the seizure-onset zone was within the temporal lobe.

Characteristics, surgical outcomes, and influential factors of epilepsy in Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Few studies have reported the clinical presentation, surgical treatment, outcomes and influential factors for patients with epilepsy and Sturge-Weber syndrome. This large-scale retrospective study continuously enrolled 132 patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome and epilepsy from January 2008 to December 2018 at our hospital to analyse their characteristics. Among these patients, 90 underwent epilepsy surgery, and their postoperative 2-year follow-up seizure, cognitive and motor functional outcomes were assessed and analysed.

Automated detection of hippocampal sclerosis: Comparison of a composite MRI-based index with conventional MRI measures.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the performance of an MRI-based composite index (HSI) with conventional MRI-based measures in hippocampal sclerosis (HS) detection and postoperative outcome estimation.

Methods: Seventy-two temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with pathologically confirmed HS and fifteen TLE patients without HS were included retrospectively. The T1-weighted and FLAIR images of these patients were processed with AccuBrain to quantify the hippocampal volume (HV) and the hippocampal FLAIR signal.

Predictors and Long-term Outcome of Resective Epilepsy Surgery in Patients with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Single-centre Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To identify prognostic factors and long-term seizure outcomes for patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) who underwent resective treatment for epilepsy.

Methods: We enrolled 81 patients with TSC who had undergone resective epilepsy surgery at Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, between April 2004 and June 2019. We estimated cumulative probability of remaining seizure-free and plotted survival curves.

Substitution 3A protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus of attenuated ZB strain rescued the viral replication and infection in bovine cells.

The non-structural protein 3A of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) plays an important role in viral replication, virulence and determination of host range. Previously we identified genomic changes in gene encoding 3A protein between the attenuated ZBatt strain and its parental virulent strain during the attenuation process. However, the effects of changes in 3A protein on viral replication and infection of the rabbit-attenuated ZBatt virus during the attenuation process are poorly understood.

Voxel-based automated detection of focal cortical dysplasia lesions using diffusion tensor imaging and T2-weighted MRI data.

The aim of this study was to automatically detect focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) lesions in patients with extratemporal lobe epilepsy by relying on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. We implemented an automated classifier using voxel-based multimodal features to identify gray and white matter abnormalities of FCD in patient cohorts. In addition to the commonly used T2-weighted image intensity feature, DTI-based features were also utilized.

Complete Genome Sequence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O Strain YNTBa from Yunnan Province of China.

YNTBa is a rabbit-passaged attenuated strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of YNTBa, which provides data for further studies on replication, virulence, its determinants, and cell and host tropism of YNTBa.

Peritumoral cystic meningioma: A report of two cases and review of the literature.

The present study reported two cases of cystic meningioma. The clinical manifestations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and histological aspects of the lesion and the associated cyst were examined. The classification of cystic meningioma was also discussed.

Genomic Changes in an Attenuated ZB Strain of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype Asia1 and Comparison with Its Virulent Parental Strain.

The molecular basis of attenuation of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype Asia1 ZB strain remains unknown. To understand the genetic changes of attenuation, we compared the entire genomes of three different rabbit-passaged attenuated ZB strains (ZB/CHA/58(att), ZBRF168, and ZBRF188) and their virulent parental strains (ZBCF22 and YNBS/58). The results showed that attenuation may be brought about by 28 common amino acid substitutions in the coding region, with one nucleotide point mutation in the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) and another one in the 3'-UTR.

Effect of amino acid mutation at position 127 in 3A of a rabbit-attenuated foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia1 on viral replication and infection.

An amino acid mutation (R127→I) in the 3A non-structural protein of an FMDV serotype Asia1 rabbit-attenuated ZB strain was previously found after attenuation of the virus. To explore the effects of this mutation on viral replication and infection, the amino acid residue isoleucine (I) was changed to arginine (R) in the infectious cDNA clone of the rabbit-attenuated ZB strain by sitedirected mutagenesis, and the R127-mutated virus was rescued. BHK monolayer cells and suckling mice were inoculated with the R127-mutated virus to test its growth property and pathogenicity, respectively.

Fluid-fluid level in cystic vestibular schwannoma: a predictor of peritumoral adhesion.

Object: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical results and surgical outcomes of cystic vestibular schwannomas (VSs) with fluid-fluid levels.

Methods: Forty-five patients with cystic VSs and 86 with solid VSs were enrolled in the study. The patients in the cystic VSs were further divided into those with and without fluid-fluid levels.

Localization of transverse-sigmoid sinus junction using preoperative 3D computed tomography: application in retrosigmoid craniotomy.

In retrosigmoid craniotomy, neurosurgeons usually depend on surface landmarks and their experience to evaluate the position of transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (TSSJ) and place an appropriate initial burr-hole, which is not accurate each time because of variability in different craniums. The authors introduce a simple procedure based on 3D computed tomography (CT) to localize the TSSJ in retrosigmoid craniotomy. Eighteen patients who underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy were analyzed.

Evaluating effects of normobaric oxygen therapy in acute stroke with MRI-based predictive models.

Background: Voxel-based algorithms using acute multiparametric-MRI data have been shown to accurately predict tissue outcome after stroke. We explored the potential of MRI-based predictive algorithms to objectively assess the effects of normobaric oxygen therapy (NBO), an investigational stroke treatment, using data from a pilot study of NBO in acute stroke.

Methods: The pilot study of NBO enrolled 11 patients randomized to NBO administered for 8 hours, and 8 Control patients who received room-air.

Interexaminer difference in infarct volume measurements on MRI: a source of variance in stroke research.

Background And Purpose: The measurement of ischemic lesion volume on diffusion- (DWI) and perfusion-weighted MRI (PWI) is examiner dependent. We sought to quantify the variance imposed by measurement error in DWI and PWI lesion volume measurements in ischemic stroke.

Methods: Fifty-eight consecutive patients with DWI and PWI within 12 hours of symptom onset and follow-up MRI on >or= day-5 were studied.

AZD2171, a pan-VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, normalizes tumor vasculature and alleviates edema in glioblastoma patients.

Using MRI techniques, we show here that normalization of tumor vessels in recurrent glioblastoma patients by daily administration of AZD2171-an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGF receptors-has rapid onset, is prolonged but reversible, and has the significant clinical benefit of alleviating edema. Reversal of normalization began by 28 days, though some features persisted for as long as four months. Basic FGF, SDF1alpha, and viable circulating endothelial cells (CECs) increased when tumors escaped treatment, and circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) increased when tumors progressed after drug interruption.