Morin overcomes doxorubicin resistance in human breast cancer by inducing DNA damage and modulating the LKB1/AMPK/mTORC1 signaling pathway.

Breast cancer chemoresistance hampers chemotherapy efficacy; researchers investigate the pharmacological activities of natural products for potential solutions. This study aimed to determine the effect of morin, a bioflavonoid isolated from Maclura pomifera, on two Dox-resistant human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 (MDA-DR) and MCF-7 (MCF-DR). Sulforhodamine B and colony-forming assays demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of morin on both cell lines.

Overcoming radioresistance of breast cancer cells with MAP4K4 inhibitors.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic target in cancer. In this study, we explored the biological function of MAP4K4 in radioresistant breast cancer cells using two MAP4K4 inhibitors, namely PF06260933 and GNE-495. Radioresistant SR and MR cells were established by exposing SK-BR-3 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells to 48-70 Gy of radiation delivered at 4-5 Gy twice a week over 10 months.

Anthocyanin Oligomers Induce Apoptosis and Autophagy by Inhibiting the mTOR Signaling Pathway in Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Anthocyanin oligomers (AOs) are phytochemicals synthesized by fermenting anthocyanins extracted from grape skins and are more biologically active than monomeric anthocyanins. In this study, we evaluate the effects of an AO on triple-negative MDA-MB-231 and HER2-overexpressing SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. The cell viability of MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells was significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by AO treatment for 24 h, while delphinidin (a monomeric anthocyanin) had no effect on cell viability.

Combined doxorubicin and arctigenin treatment induce cell cycle arrest-associated cell death by promoting doxorubicin uptake in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells.

Chemotherapy failure is often caused by drug resistance, for which no effective treatment strategy has been established. Many studies have been undertaken with the aim of overcoming drug resistance using natural products. Arctigenin (ATG), a natural product, has been investigated for its anti-cancer effects in HER2-overexpressing, ER-positive, and triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Morin Sensitizes MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity by Suppressing FOXM1 and Attenuating EGFR/STAT3 Signaling Pathways.

Considerable emphasis is being placed on combinatorial chemotherapeutic/natural treatments for breast cancer. This study reveals the synergistic anti-tumor activity of morin and Doxorubicin (Dox) co-treatment on MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation. Morin/Dox treatment promoted Dox uptake and induced DNA damage and formation of nuclear foci of p-H2A.

Digital design method of cultural heritage using Ancient Egyptian theological totem.

This study presents a design method for cultural heritage digitization using ancient Egyptian theological totems. The use of digital technology and multimedia in cultural heritage research has become an important means of cultural heritage inheritance, innovation, and dissemination with the deepening of the digital age. Ancient Egyptian theological totems were selected because their digitization is rarely discussed, although ancient Egypt has left very rich cultural heritage resources in various fields such as architecture, painting, music, and theology.

Acyl-CoA synthetase-4 mediates radioresistance of breast cancer cells by regulating FOXM1.

The development of radioresistance during radiotherapy is a major cause of tumor recurrence and metastasis. To provide new insights of the mechanisms underlying radioresistance, we established radioresistant cell lines derived from two different subtypes of breast cancer cells, HER2-positive SK-BR-3 and ER-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells, by exposing cells to 48 ~ 70 Gy of radiation delivered at 4-5 Gy twice weekly over 9 ~ 10 months. The established radioresistant SK-BR-3 (SR) and MCF-7 (MR) cells were resistant not only to a single dose of radiation (2 Gy or 4 Gy) but also to fractionated radiation delivered at 2 Gy/day for 5 days.

Cell cycle arrest-mediated cell death by morin in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Background: Morin, a flavonoid extracted from Moraceace family and exhibits several pharmacological activities including anti-cancer activity. Although the anticancer activity of morin in breast cancer was estimated in some investigations, the pharmaceutical mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we investigated to unveil the detail signaling pathway in morin-treated in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Evaluation of the antimetastatic and anticancer activities of morin in HER2‑overexpressing breast cancer SK‑BR‑3 cells.

Morin (2',3,4',5,7‑pentahydroxyflavone), a flavonoid isolated from members of the Moraceae family and the leaves of Buread, is a well‑known natural substance with anti‑inflammatory, antioxidative, antimetastasis, and anticancer effects. However, its anticancer activity has not been comprehensively investigated in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‑overexpressing breast cancer cells. Here, we evaluated the effects of morin on metastasis and cell viability in HER‑2‑overexpressing human breast cancer SK‑BR‑3 cells.

Chaga mushroom extract induces autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway in breast cancer cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Chaga mushrooms (Inonotus obliquus) are commonly used in traditional treatments in Eastern Europe and Asia due to their diverse pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor and immunologic effects. Thus, many cancer patients take Chaga mushrooms as a complementary medicine, even during chemotherapy or radiotherapy. However, few studies have investigated the effects or molecular targets of Chaga mushrooms in breast cancer.

Arctigenin-mediated cell death of SK-BR-3 cells is caused by HER2 inhibition and autophagy-linked apoptosis.

Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is well-known as the therapeutic marker in breast cancer. Therefore, we evaluated anti-cancer activity of arctigenin (ATG) on in SK-BR-3 HER2-overexpressing human breast cancer cells.

Methods: Cell viability and cytotoxicity were analyzed with MTT and colony-forming assay and cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry.

Evaluation of Radiotherapy-Induced Systemic Antitumor Effects in Mice Bearing 4T1 Mouse Breast Cancer Cells.

Recently, several clinical studies have reported that combination treatments of radiation therapy (RT) and immunotherapy in patients with multiple lesions can improve tumor regression at a distance from the irradiated site, known as the abscopal effect. However, when RT and immunotherapy are concurrently applied, it is hard to distinguish the pure systemic effects of RT from those of the immunotherapy drug. In this preclinical study, the authors investigated the systemic antitumor effects of RT alone according to fraction dose size and splitting schedules.

Arctigenin Enhances the Cytotoxic Effect of Doxorubicin in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells.

Several reports have described the anti-cancer activity of arctigenin, a lignan extracted from L. Here, we investigated the effect of arctigenin (ATG) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cell death using MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The results showed that DOX-induced cell death was enhanced by ATG/DOX co-treatment in a concentration-dependent manner and that this was associated with increased DOX uptake and the suppression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) gene expression in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Anti‑metastatic effects of arctigenin are regulated by MAPK/AP‑1 signaling in 4T‑1 mouse breast cancer cells.

Arctigenin is a natural lignan that is found in burdock with anti‑viral, ‑oxidative, ‑inflammatory and anti‑tumor activities. In the current study, the effect of arctigenin on metastatic potential was examined in 4T‑1 mouse triple‑negative breast cancer cells. The results indicated that arctigenin inhibited cell motility and invasiveness, which was determined using wound healing and transwell invasion assays.

The preventive effect of deep sea water on the development of cancerous skin cells through the induction of autophagic cell death in UVB-damaged HaCaT keratinocyte.

Ultraviolet light (UV) is a major inducer of skin cancer. Therefore, recovery and removal of UV-damaged skin cells are important in the prevention of skin carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the effect of deep sea water (DSW) in HaCaT keratinocyte exposed by UVB (λ = 290∼320 nm).

Note: Rotor design optimization for vacuum chamber-free ultracentrifuge.

This paper proposes a fixed-angle rotor design for a vacuum chamber-free ultracentrifuge using a rigid shaft and magnetic bearings. The rotor is designed for a stable operation in the ultracentrifugation region with air friction. And the optimal design parameters and optimized connection method of the rotor and rigid shaft are proposed.

The association of changes in RAD51 and survivin expression levels with the proton beam sensitivity of Capan‑1 and Panc‑1 human pancreatic cancer cells.

Fewer than 20% of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer can be treated with surgical resection. The effects of proton beam irradiation were evaluated on the cell viabilities in Panc‑1 and Capan‑1 pancreatic cancer cells. The cells were irradiated with proton beams at the center of Bragg peaks with a 6‑cm width using a proton accelerator.

Prospective analysis of delayed colorectal post-polypectomy bleeding.

Backgrounds/aims: Although post-polypectomy bleeding is the most frequent complication after colonoscopic polypectomy, only few studies have investigated the incidence of bleeding prospectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of delayed post-polypectomy bleeding and its associated risk factors prospectively.

Methods: Patients who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were prospectively enrolled in this study.

The prevention of TNF-α/IFN-γ mixture-induced inflammation in human keratinocyte and atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in Nc/Nga mice by mineral-balanced deep sea water.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by environmental and chemical allergens. Despite the complexity of its pathogenesis, many investigations have shown that substances having anti-inflammatory activities alleviated the pathology of AD. Here, we evaluated the effects of mineral-balanced deep sea water (DSW) on AD-like skin damage in both in vitro and in vivo.

Prospective Analysis of Minor Adverse Events After Colon Polypectomy.

Background: The risks of minor adverse events (MAEs) such as abdominal pain and bloating after colon polypectomy (CP) are less clearly documented than major adverse events. However, these complications may cause significant discomfort during the performance of normal activities. We aimed to estimate the incidence of MAE, associated risk factors, and healthcare resource utilization after CP.

Fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis associated with orbital myositis and diaphragmatic paralysis.

Although the clinical presentation of myocarditis is very diverse, ranging from mild dyspnea to hemodynamic collapse, myocarditis accompanied with extracardiac myositis is extremely rare. We report a single case of fulminant myocarditis associated with orbital myositis and diaphragmatic paralysis in a 40-year-old man, which was successfully managed by immunosuppressive therapy with steroid.

Association between FOXP3 polymorphisms and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases: A meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore whether the FOXP3 -3279 A/C polymorphism and (GT)n microsatellite polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted on the associations between the FOXP3 -3279 A/C polymorphism and (GT)15 and (GT)16 polymorphisms and autoimmune diseases.

Results: Twenty-two comparative studies with a total of 7962 patients and 7453 controls were included in the meta-analysis.

A meta-analysis examining the association between the MUC5B rs35705950 T/G polymorphism and susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective: To explore whether the mucin (MUC) 5B rs35705950 T/G polymorphism confers susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to determine associations between the MUC5B rs35705950 T/G polymorphism and either IPF or connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD). We used the allele contrast, recessive, dominant, and additive models.

Ultraconformal contact transfer of monolayer graphene on metal to various substrates.

The direct transfer method of large area monolayer CVD graphene from Cu foil to various substrates such as PET, PDMS, and glass is developed using mechano-electro-thermal forces based on ultraconformal contact without any metal etching process or additional carrier layers in a solid-state process. Transferred graphene presents both excellent quality (with no residues, few defects, or no folding) and remarkable mechanical and electrical stability.

The anti-inflammatory effect of Gigukjiwhangwhangami through the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB activation in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with cerebral infarction.

The Korean genuine medicine "Gigukjiwhangwhangami (GJWGM)" has long been used for various cerebrovascular diseases. However, the exact mechanism that accounts for the anti-inflammatory effect of GJWGM is not completely understood. The aim of the present study is to elucidate how GJWGM modulates the inflammatory reaction in lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-stimulated peripheral mononuclear cells from patients with cerebral infarction.