Biomechanical characteristics of maxillary anterior incisor, conventional immediate implantation and socket shield technique - A finite element analysis and case report.

Background: To prevent the absorption and collapse of the labial bone plate of the anterior teeth, immediate implantation and socket shield technique have been increasingly applied to anterior dental aesthetic implant restoration.

Objective: To provide a biomechanical basis for implant restoration of maxillary anterior teeth, finite element analysis was used to investigate the stress peak and distribution in different anatomical sites of natural teeth, conventional immediate implantation and socket shield technique.

Methods: Three maxillary finite element models were established, including a maxillary incisor as a natural tooth, a conventional immediate implantation and a socket shield technique.

Research on nowcasting prediction technology for flooding scenarios based on data-driven and real-time monitoring.

With the impact of global climate change and the urbanization process, the risk of urban flooding has increased rapidly, especially in developing countries. Real-time monitoring and prediction of flooding extent and drainage system are the foundation of effective urban flood emergency management. Therefore, this paper presents a rapid nowcasting prediction method of urban flooding based on data-driven and real-time monitoring.

Functional study of two ER localized sterol C-14 reductases in .

Ergosterol is an important component of fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol biosynthesis involves sterol C-14 reductase, a key enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis, which has been well studied in . However, little studies about this important enzyme in .

Surface Boron Modulation on Cobalt Oxide Nanocrystals for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Herein, we show that coupling boron with cobalt oxide tunes its structure and significantly boost its electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Through a simple precipitation and thermal treatment process, a series of Co-B oxides with tunable morphologies and textural parameters were prepared. Detailed structural analysis supported first the formation of an disordered and partially amorphous material with nanosized Co BO and/or Co B O being present on the local atomic scale.

Principles of Water Electrolysis and Recent Progress in Cobalt-, Nickel-, and Iron-Based Oxides for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Water electrolysis that results in green hydrogen is the key process towards a circular economy. The supply of sustainable electricity and availability of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts are the main bottlenecks of the process for large-scale production of green hydrogen. A broad range of OER electrocatalysts have been explored to decrease the overpotential and boost the kinetics of this sluggish half-reaction.

Highly Ordered Mesoporous Co O Electrocatalyst for Efficient, Selective, and Stable Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid.

Electrochemical oxidation of biomass substrates to valuable bio-chemicals is highly attractive. However, the design of efficient, selective, stable, and inexpensive electrocatalysts remains challenging. Here it is reported how a 3D highly ordered mesoporous Co O /nickel foam (om-Co O /NF) electrode fulfils those criteria in the electrochemical oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to value-added 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA).

Tunable e Orbital Occupancy in Heusler Compounds for Oxygen Evolution Reaction*.

Heusler compounds have potential in electrocatalysis because of their mechanical robustness, metallic conductivity, and wide tunability in the electronic structure and element compositions. This study reports the first application of Co YZ-type Heusler compounds as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). A range of Co YZ crystals was synthesized through the arc-melting method and the e orbital filling of Co was precisely regulated by varying Y and Z sites of the compound.

Dual Role of Silver Moieties Coupled with Ordered Mesoporous Cobalt Oxide towards Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Herein, we show that the performance of mesostructured cobalt oxide electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can be significantly enhanced by coupling of silver species. Various analysis techniques including pair distribution function and Rietveld refinement, X-ray absorption spectroscopy at synchrotron as well as advanced electron microscopy revealed that silver exists as metallic Ag particles and well-dispersed Ag O nanoclusters within the mesostructure. The benefits of this synergy are twofold for OER: highly conductive metallic Ag improves the charge transfer ability of the electrocatalysts while ultra-small Ag O clusters provide the centers that can uptake Fe impurities from KOH electrolyte and boost the catalytic efficiency of Co-Ag oxides.

A hydrogen-dependent geochemical analogue of primordial carbon and energy metabolism.

Hydrogen gas, H, is generated by alkaline hydrothermal vents through an ancient geochemical process called serpentinization, in which water reacts with iron-containing minerals deep within the Earth's crust. H is the electron donor for the most ancient and the only energy-releasing route of biological CO fixation, the acetyl-CoA pathway. At the origin of metabolism, CO fixation by hydrothermal H within serpentinizing systems could have preceded and patterned biotic pathways.

Numerical simulation of the flow and erosion behavior of exhaust gas and particles in polysilicon reduction furnace.

In order to study the flow and erosion behavior of gas-solid exhaust in the polysilicon reduction furnace, the flow characteristics of exhaust gas and silicon particles were analyzed. The flow model and erosion model of exhaust gas and silicon particles were established based on the gas-solid flow theory and the erosion theory. The erosion and wear behavior of the gas-solid mixture in the flow passage pipeline were studied by numerical simulation.

Laser Fragmentation-Induced Defect-Rich Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Sub-5 nm cobalt oxide nanoparticles are produced in a flowing water system by pulsed laser fragmentation in liquid (PLFL). Particle fragmentation from 8 nm to 4 nm occurs and is attributed to the oxidation process in water where oxidative species are present and the local temperature is rapidly elevated under laser irradiation. Significantly higher surface area, crystal phase transformation, and formation of structural defects (Co defects and oxygen vacancies) through the PLFL process are evidenced by detailed structural characterizations by nitrogen physisorption, electron microscopy, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Surface states in bulk single crystal of topological semimetal CoSnS toward water oxidation.

The band inversion in topological phase matters bring exotic physical properties such as the topologically protected surface states (TSS). They strongly influence the surface electronic structures of the materials and could serve as a good platform to gain insight into the surface reactions. Here we synthesized high-quality bulk single crystals of CoSnS that naturally hosts the band structure of a topological semimetal.

Highly Active Cobalt-Based Electrocatalysts with Facile Incorporation of Dopants for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

In situ formation of electroactive cobalt species for the oxygen evolution reaction is simply achieved by applying an anodic bias to a commercially available cobalt precursor and Nafion binder mixture coated on a glassy carbon electrode. This preparation does not require energy-intensive materials preparation steps or noble metals, yet a low overpotential of 322 mV at 10.2 mA cm and a high current density of more than 300 mA cm at 1.

Coffee-Waste Templating of Metal Ion-Substituted Cobalt Oxides for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

A facile and scalable method using coffee waste grounds as a hard template has been developed to fabricate nanostructured Co O for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Co O incorporating metals with different valences (M/Co=1:4; M=Cu, Ni, Fe, Cr, and W) were also prepared with similar sheet-like structures comprising nanosized crystallites. After detailed characterization by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and nitrogen sorption, the oxides were employed as OER electrocatalysts.

[Effects of urbanization on soil nitrogen supply in Pinus elliottii plantations].

With the Pinus elliottii plantations along an urban-rural gradient in Nanchang City as test objectives, and by using ion-exchange resin (IER) bag, this paper studied the seasonal dynamics of soil available nitrogen in the plantations, and analyzed the effects of urbanization on soil nitrogen supply. The results showed that the soil nitrogen supply in the plantations had an obvious seasonal fluctuation. Soil NH4+ -N concentration was significantly higher in autumn and winter than in spring and summer, while soil NO3- -N concentration, mineral N concentration, and relative nitrification rate were in adverse (P < 0.