Nanozyme-based aptasensors for the detection of tumor biomarkers.

A nanozyme-based aptasensor combines the unique properties of nanozymes with the specificity of aptamers for the detection of various biomolecules. Nanozymes are nanomaterials that possess enzyme-like properties, demonstrating substantial potential for enhancing the sensing capabilities of biosensors. In recent years, the incorporation of nanozymes into biosensors has opened new avenues for the detection of tumor biomarkers.

Advancements in Chemical and Biosensors for Point-of-Care Detection of Acrylamide.

Acrylamide (AA), an odorless and colorless organic small-molecule compound found generally in thermally processed foods, possesses potential carcinogenic, neurotoxic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity. Compared with conventional methods for AA detection, bio/chemical sensors have attracted much interest in recent years owing to their reliability, sensitivity, selectivity, convenience, and low cost. This paper provides a comprehensive review of bio/chemical sensors utilized for the detection of AA over the past decade.

ACEK Biosensor for the Minute-Scale Quantification of Breast Cancer ctDNA.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) appears as a valuable liquid biopsy biomarker in the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancer. Here, a biosensing method derived from the AC electrokinetics (ACEK) effect was constructed in this study for the simple, efficient, and rapid method of detection of ctDNA. In the proof-of-concept experiment, ctDNA from the PIK3CA E542K mutant in breast cancer was quantified by detecting a normalized capacitance change rate using a forked-finger gold electrode as the sensing electrode in combination with the ACEK effect.

Review of Chemical Sensors for Hydrogen Sulfide Detection in Organisms and Living Cells.

As the third gasotransmitter, hydrogen sulfide (HS) is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes wherein abnormal levels of HS indicate various diseases. Therefore, an efficient and reliable monitoring of HS concentration in organisms and living cells is of great significance. Of diverse detection technologies, electrochemical sensors possess the unique advantages of miniaturization, fast detection, and high sensitivity, while the fluorescent and colorimetric ones exhibit exclusive visualization.