Paraventricular hypothalamic RUVBL2 neurons suppress appetite by enhancing excitatory synaptic transmission in distinct neurocircuits.

The paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) is crucial for food intake control, yet the presynaptic mechanisms underlying PVH neurons remain unclear. Here, we show that RUVBL2 in the PVH is significantly reduced during energy deficit, and knockout (KO) of PVH RUVBL2 results in hyperphagic obesity in mice. RUVBL2-expressing neurons in the PVH (PVH) exert the anorexigenic effect by projecting to the arcuate hypothalamus, the dorsomedial hypothalamus, and the parabrachial complex.

Porous CuO Microspheres as Long-Lifespan Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Cathode materials with conversion mechanisms for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have shown a great potential as next-generation energy storage materials due to their high discharge capacity and high energy density. However, improving their cycling stability has been the biggest challenge plaguing researchers. In this study, CuO microspheres were prepared using a simple hydrothermal reaction, and the morphology and crystallinity of the samples were modulated by controlling the hydrothermal reaction time.

Color-reversible fluorescence tracking for the dynamic interaction of SO with Hg in living cells.

Mercury ion (Hg) is one of the most threatening substances to human health, and the mercury poisoning can damage physiological homeostasis severely in human, even cause death. Intriguingly, Sulfur dioxide (SO), a gas signal molecule in human, can specifically interact with Hg for relieving mercury poisoning. However, the dynamic interaction of Hg with SO at the tempospatial level and the correlation between Hg and SO in the pathological process of mercury poisoning are still elusive.

Rapid detection of microalgae cells based on upconversion nanoprobes.

The quantification of microalgae cells is crucial for the treatment of ships' ballast water. However, achieving rapid detection of microalgae cells remains a substantial challenge. Here, we develop a new method for rapid and effective detection of microalgae concentration by utilizing upconversion nanoprobes (UCNPs) of NaYF:Er,Tm.

Daily impact of the simultaneous passage of binary typhoons on sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration dynamics in the Northwestern Pacific.

Typhoons are recognized as one of the most destructive meteorological phenomena, exerting significant influences on marine ecosystems. Sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL)an essential indicator of phytoplankton biomass, can be utilized to characterize the disturbances of typhoons on the marine ecosystem. However, it is challenging to investigate this impact at a daily scale due to the missing CHL remote sensing data caused by cloud cover.

Promising lanthanide-doped double molybdates KYb(MoO) phosphors for highly efficient upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing.

Here we report the highly efficient upconversion luminescence (UCL) and optical temperature sensing based on the novel host of KYb(MoO) doped with trivalent lanthanide (Ln) ions at 980 nm excitation. The high Yb concentration and unique ordered layer structure in KYb(MoO) host are beneficial for the enhancement of UCL efficiency by improving the absorption and the negative migration of excitation energy. Ho, Er, and Tm ions were selected to singly dope the KYb(MoO) host, achieving three primary colors of red, green, blue UCL, respectively.

Upconversion nanoparticles@single-walled carbon nanotubes composites as efficient self-monitored photo-thermal agents.

Conventional photothermal therapy (PTT) usually relies on a macroscopic heat source to raise the temperature of tissues to 41-45 °C, which not only kills the pathological cells but causes severe side effects on nearby normal tissues, thus reducing the accuracy of PTT. Here we successfully fabricated nanocomposites of NaYF:Yb,Tm@NaYF:Yb@SiO-SWCNTs, in which the upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) serve as real-time temperature-feedback moiety and the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) serve as efficient nano-heaters. The sample displays an excellent photothermal conversion capacity, i.

Investigating the AIE and water sensing properties of a concise naphthalimide fluorophore.

A simple naphthalimide fluorophore NAP-HO was designed and synthesized. Basic photophysical properties were investigated, especially found that the probe showed robust green fluorescence in water compared with that in various organic solvents, and the specific mechanism was conformed to be the aggregation induced emission (AIE) through dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, solid-state luminescence and fluorescence imaging. Accordingly, the capability of NAP-HO for water sensing was examined, and good linear relationships between fluorescence intensities at the green emission band and the water content were obtained, enabling quantitative detection of water in organic solvents.

Vanadium Hexacyanoferrate as a High-Capacity and High-Voltage Cathode for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Ion Batteries.

Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) are widely used as electrode materials for secondary batteries because of their cheapness, ease of synthesis, and unique structural properties. Nevertheless, the unsatisfactory capacity and cyclic stability of PBAs are seriously preventing their practical applications. Here, vanadium hexacyanoferrate (VHCF) is successfully prepared and used as a cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs).

Design and Implementation of Balance Ability Assessment Training System for Special Children Based on Education Cloud Integration.

Many children with special needs have body balance disorders, which will not only bring inconvenience to their daily lives but also have a certain impact on their spirits, making them insecure. It will lead to a decline in their social skills, which will also seriously affect their study and work as well as reduce their quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to design and discuss a system for evaluating and training the balance ability of children with special needs based on the integration of education cloud.

HSP90β promotes osteoclastogenesis by dual-activation of cholesterol synthesis and NF-κB signaling.

Heat shock protein 90β (Hsp90β, encoded by Hsp90ab1 gene) is the most abundant proteins in the cells and contributes to variety of biological processes including metabolism, cell growth and neural functions. However, genetic evidences showing Hsp90β in vivo functions using tissue specific knockout mice are still lacking. Here, we showed that Hsp90β exerted paralogue-specific role in osteoclastogenesis.

7-aminocephalosporanic acid, a novel HSP90β inhibitor, attenuates HFD-induced hepatic steatosis.

Hepatic steatosis is one of the most important causes of liver disease worldwide. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is essential for numerous client proteins. Recently, more attention was focused on increased HSP90 levels in hepatic steatosis, especially HSP90β.

Data reconstruction of daily MODIS chlorophyll-a concentration and spatio-temporal variations in the Northwestern Pacific.

Sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) is a key proxy for phytoplankton biomass. Spatio-temporal continuous Chl-a data are important to understand the mechanisms of chlorophyll occurrence and development and track phytoplankton changes. However, the greatest challenge in utilizing daily Chl-a data is massive missing pixels due to orbital position and cloud coverage.

Near-infrared-emitting upconverting BiVO nanoprobes for in vivo fluorescent imaging.

Near-infrared (NIR) emitting BiVO:Yb,Tm nanoparticles are synthesized by a new solvothermal strategy using solvents of oleic acid and methanol. The obtained BiVO:Yb,Tm samples show an average particle size of ≈164 nm and exhibit an asymmetry monoclinic crystal structure of BiVO. At NIR excitation of 980 nm, the BiVO:Yb,Tm sample exhibits a nearly single NIR emission at ≈796 nm with extremely weak blue emissions from Tm ions.

Engineering Er-sensitized nanocrystals to enhance NIR II-responsive upconversion luminescence.

An Er-sensitized system with a high response to 1550 nm radiation in the second near-infrared window (NIR II) has been considered for a new class of potential candidates for applications in bio-imaging and advanced anti-counterfeiting, yet the achievement of highly efficient upconversion emission still remains a challenge. Here, we constructed a novel Er-sensitized core-shell-shell upconversion nanostructure with a Yb-enriched core as the emitting layer. This designed nanostructure allows the Yb emitting layer to more efficiently trap and lock excitation energy by combining the interfacial energy transfer (IET) from the shell (Er) to the core (Yb), high activator Yb content, and minimized energy back-transfer.

A thiocarbonate-caged fluorescent probe for specific visualization of peroxynitrite in living cells and zebrafish.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO), a highly reactive oxygen species (ROS), is implicated with many physiological and pathological processes including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and inflammation. In this regard, developing effective tools for highly selective tracking of ONOO is urgently needed. Herein, we constructed a concise and specific fluorescent probe NA-ONOO for sensing ONOO by conjugating an ONOO-specific recognition group ((4-methoxyphenylthio)carbonyl, a thiocarbonate derivative) with a naphthalene fluorophore.

Enhancing red luminescence by doping Yb into Er self-sensitized GdOS upconverting nanoparticles under excitation at 1530 nm.

Red upconversion luminescence (UCL) nanoparticles are of significant importance for applications in the fields of deep tissue imaging, photothermal therapy and security ink. In this work, a highly efficient red emission was achieved by introducing Yb ions as mediators in Er self-sensitized GdOS nanoparticles under excitation at 1530 nm. The results show that the GdOS:Yb,Er nanoparticles synthesized by a homogeneous precipitation method exhibit a uniform spherical shape and narrow size distribution with a mean particle diameter of ≈65 nm.

High-Capacity and Long-Lifespan Aqueous LiVO/Zn Battery Using Zn/Li Hybrid Electrolyte.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage because of their low cost and high safety. However, their practical applications are impeded by low energy density and short service life. Here, an aqueous Zn/Li hybrid-ion battery is fabricated using the LiVO nanorods as the cathode, metallic Zn as the anode, and 3 M Zn(OTf) + 0.

Promising lanthanide-doped BiVO phosphors for highly efficient upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing.

The semiconductor oxide BiVO has been intensively studied as a highly efficient photocatalyst. Here we attempt to adopt trivalent lanthanide (Ln)-doped BiVO as a novel upconversion luminescence (UCL) material for achieving high-efficiency UCL and temperature sensing under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. Er/Tm, Yb/Er, and Yb/Tm ions were selected to co-dope the BiVO phosphors, achieving three primary colors of red, green, and blue (RGB) with high color-purity.

Hierarchical Aluminum Vanadate Microspheres with Structural Water: High-Performance Cathode Materials for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Batteries.

Controlling morphology, adopting metal cations and introducing crystal water are three effective strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of various battery electrodes. However, the effects of simultaneously applying these three strategies to aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries (ARZBs) are rarely demonstrated. Herein, hierarchical H Al V O (HAVO) microspheres were successfully prepared using a simple hydrothermal method, and used as cathode material for ARZBs.

Correction: Luminescence property tuning of Yb-Er doped oxysulfide using multiple-band co-excitation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C8RA02503G.].

Three primary color emissions from single multilayered nanocrystals.

The achievement of three-primary-color luminescence in a single material will lead to revolutionary developments of many advanced applications such as dynamic display with ultra-high resolution, and complex anti-counterfeiting. Here we report the realization of steady-state three-primary-color emission in single multilayered NaYF4 upconversion (UC) nanoparticles. In this core-shell structure, a novel design of a tri-sensitizer, i.

Luminescence property tuning of Yb-Er doped oxysulfide using multiple-band co-excitation.

Lanthanide ions have abundant excited-state channels which result in a radiation relaxation process generally accompanied by a non-radiation relaxation process. However, non-radiation relaxation processes will consume the activation energy and reduce the luminescence efficiency of the phosphor. Two lasers with an excitation energy which matched the ground state absorption and excited state absorption of ions were used to excite the phosphors to avoid the non-radiation relaxation process.

Simultaneous enantioselective determination of six pesticides in aqueous environmental samples by chiral liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

A robust and sensitive method was developed for the enantiomeric analysis of six chiral pesticides (including metalaxyl, epoxiconazole, myclobutanil, hexaconazole, napropamide, and isocarbophos) in aquatic environmental samples. The optimized chromatographic conditions for the quantification of all the 12 enantiomers were performed with Chiralcel OD-RH column using mobile phase consisting of 0.1% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile operated under reversed-phase conditions and then analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Investigation on the thermal effects of NaYF:Er under 1550 nm irradiation.

The thermal effects of NaYF:Er microcrystals under 1550 nm laser diode irradiation were investigated using an infrared thermal imaging method. The results revealed that the temperature of the LD irradiation beam area was non-uniform. The NaYF:Er sample exhibits a rapid temperature increase within 5-10 s, and the heating process reaches its steady state after 60 s of irradiation when exposed to 1550 nm LD.