The antagonistic role of an E3 ligase pair in regulating plant NLR-mediated autoimmunity and fungal pathogen resistance.

Plant immune homeostasis is achieved through a balanced immune activation and suppression, enabling effective defense while averting autoimmunity. In Arabidopsis, disrupting a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade triggers nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) SUPPRESSOR OF mkk1/2 2 (SUMM2)-mediated autoimmunity. Through an RNAi screen, we identify PUB5, a putative plant U-box E3 ligase, as a critical regulator of SUMM2-mediated autoimmunity.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of Mating Types of .

Rice false smut (RFS), caused by , is an important fungal disease in panicles of rice. is a heterothallic ascomycete controlled by two opposite idiomorphs, MAT1-1 and MAT1-2. Previous study showed that sexual reproduction of plays an important role in the epidemic of RFS.

Pyricularia sp. jiangsuensis, a new cryptic rice panicle blast pathogen from rice fields in Jiangsu Province, China.

Pyricularia oryzae is a multi-host pathogen causing cereal disease, including the devastating rice blast. Panicle blast is a serious stage, leading to severe yield loss. Thirty-one isolates (average 4.

, a Mating Type Gene in the , Is Required for Fruiting Bodies and Sclerotia Formation, Asexual Development and Pathogenicity.

is the prevalent causative pathogen of rice false smut, a destructive rice disease. Mating-type genes play a vital role in the evolution of mating systems in fungi. Some fungi have lost , one of the mating-type genes, during evolution, whereas others still retain .

Two mating-type genes MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-1-2 with significant functions in conidiation, stress response, sexual development, and pathogenicity of rice false smut fungus Villosiclava virens.

Rice false smut caused by Villosiclava virens is one of the destructive diseases on panicles of rice. Sexual development of V. virens, controlled by mating-type locus, plays an important role in the prevalence of rice false smut and genetic diversity of the pathogen.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the GATA transcription factor gene family in .

In filamentous fungi, the conserved transcription factors play important roles in multiple cellular and developmental processes. The GATA proteins, a family of GATA-binding zinc finger transcription factors, play diverse functions in fungi. is an economically important pathogen-causing rice false smut worldwide.

A Homeobox Transcription Factor UvHOX2 Regulates Chlamydospore Formation, Conidiogenesis, and Pathogenicity in .

Rice false smut fungus (teleomorph: ; anamorph: ) can generate chlamydospores and survive winter under field conditions. The chlamydospore is considered as an important infection source of the disease. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of the chlamydospore production.

Cytological studies on the infection of rice root by Ustilaginoidea virens.

In recent years, false smut disease of rice has been one of the most important diseases of cultivated rice in China. Ustilaginoidea virens is an ascomycete fungal pathogen that causes false smut in rice. There is always controversy about whether the pathogen can infect the rice root and cause the occurrence of false smut, mainly due to lack direct cytological evidence.

Villosiclava virens infects specifically rice and barley stamen filaments due to the unique host cell walls.

Rice false smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Villosiclava virens, is one of the most important rice diseases in the world. Previous studies reported that the pathogen has less number of cell wall-degraded genes and attacks dominantly rice stamen filaments and extends intercellularly. To reveal why the fungus infects plant stamen filaments, inoculation test on barley was carried out with the similar protocol to rice.

Wheat gene TaS3 contributes to powdery mildew susceptibility.

Identification of TaS3 as a potential susceptibility gene encoding a protein homologous to ULP1 protease in wheat, which may regulate SUMO function facilitating powdery mildew attack. Some plant genes that are required for susceptibilities to certain pathogens are known as susceptibility genes or susceptibility factors, whose loss-of-function mutations can confer the plants resistances. To identify potential susceptibility genes to powdery mildew in wheat, differentially expressed genes in compatible and incompatible interactions between wheat and powdery mildew were examined by the cDNA chip assay.