Hybrid DQN-Based Low-Computational Reinforcement Learning Object Detection With Adaptive Dynamic Reward Function and ROI Align-Based Bounding Box Regression.

Deep reinforcement learning-based object detection approaches center around a pivotal concept: hierarchically scaling image segments that harbor more intricate details. Compared with the traditional object detection approaches, this approach significantly curbs the quantity of region proposals. This reduction holds paramount significance in curtailing the computational overhead.

What motivates individuals to share information with governments when adopting health technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Background: While digital governance has been adopted by governments around the world to assist in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic, the effectiveness of its implementation relies on the collection and use of personal information. This study examines the willingness of individuals to engage in information-sharing with governments when adopting health technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 4,800 individuals drawn from 16 cities in China in 2021.

A Spatial-Temporal Variational Graph Attention Autoencoder Using Interactive Information for Fault Detection in Complex Industrial Processes.

Modern industry processes are typically composed of multiple operating units with reaction interaction and energy-mass coupling, which result in a mixed time-varying and spatial-temporal coupling of process variables. It is challenging to develop a comprehensive and precise fault detection model for the multiple interconnected units by simple superposition of the individual unit models. In this study, the fault detection problem is formulated as a spatial-temporal fault detection problem utilizing process data of multiple interconnected unit processes.

Plant-specific BLISTER interacts with kinase BIN2 and BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 during skotomorphogenesis.

Brassinosteroids play an essential role in promoting skotomorphogenesis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we report that a plant-specific BLISTER (BLI) protein functions as a positive regulator of both BR signaling and skotomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We found that the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)-like kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 interacts with and phosphorylates BLI at 4 phosphorylation sites (Ser70, Ser146, Thr256, and Ser267) for degradation; in turn, BR inhibits degradation of BLI.

Co-existence of polyethylene microplastics and tetracycline on soil microbial community and ARGs.

Microplastics are plastic particles with particle size less than 5 mm in the environment. As an emerging organic pollutant, the presence of microplastics in the soil environment has been widely noticed. Also, due to the overuse of antibiotics, a large amount of antibiotics that cannot be fully absorbed by humans and livestock enter the soil environment in the form of urine or manure, making the soils suffer from serious antibiotic contamination problems.

N/S element transformation modulating lithospheric microbial communities by single-species manipulation.

Background: The lithospheric microbiome plays a vital role in global biogeochemical cycling, yet their mutual modulation mechanisms remain largely uncharted. Petroleum reservoirs are important lithosphere ecosystems that provide desirable resources for understanding microbial roles in element cycling. However, the strategy and mechanism of modulating indigenous microbial communities for the optimization of community structures and functions are underexplored, despite its significance in energy recovery and environmental remediation.

A Dynamics-Learning Multirate Estimation Approach for the Feeding Condition Perception of Complex Industry Processes.

In this study, we propose a dynamics-learning multirate estimation approach to perceive the quality-related indices (QRIs) of the feeding solution of a unit process. A quality-related index for estimation is an intermediate technical indicator between a unit process and a proceeding unit process; hence, the estimation problem is formulated as a two-stage estimation problem utilizing the production data of both unit processes. Dynamics-learning bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) with different inputs for the forward and backward layers is proposed to manage the input data from the different unit processes.

A Genome-Wide Association Study to Identify Novel Candidate Genes Related to Low-Nitrogen Tolerance in Cucumber ( L.).

Cucumber is one of the most important vegetables, and nitrogen is essential for the growth and fruit production of cucumbers. It is crucial to develop cultivars with nitrogen limitation tolerance or high nitrogen efficiency for green and efficient development in cucumber industry. To reveal the genetic basis of cucumber response to nitrogen starvation, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on a collection of a genetically diverse population of cucumber ( L.

Research on the influence mechanism of privacy invasion experiences with privacy protection intentions in social media contexts: Regulatory focus as the moderator.

Introduction: In recent years, there have been numerous online privacy violation incidents caused by the leakage of personal information of social media users, yet there seems to be a tendency for users to burn out when it comes to privacy protection, which leads to more privacy invasions and forms a vicious circle. Few studies have examined the impact of social media users' privacy invasion experiences on their privacy protection intention. Protection motivation theory has often been applied to privacy protection research.

Effects of heavy metals on the adsorption of ciprofloxacin on polyethylene microplastics: Mechanism and toxicity evaluation.

Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 mm in diameter and are widely present in water environments. Their unique surface structures can adsorb coexisting pollutants in the surrounding environment, such as antibiotics and metal ions, leading to compound pollution. The adsorption of ciprofloxacin on polyethylene microplastics under different environmental conditions (pH and salinity) was investigated.

Full-length chloroplast genome of Dongxiang wild rice reveals small single-copy region switching.

Background: Plant chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) typically has a circular structure, including a large single-copy region (LSC), a small single-copy region (SSC) and two inverted repeats (IR1 and IR2). The organization of these four elementary regions LSC-IR1-SSC-IR2 is highly conserved across all plant cpDNAs. Very few structural variations (SVs) occurring at the elementary-region level have been reported.

Recent advances on the effects of microplastics on elements cycling in the environment.

Microplastics (<5 mm) are an emerging pollutant which have received increasing concern in recent years. Microplastics pose a serious hazard and potential risk to the environment due to their migration, transformation, adsorption and degradation properties. The effects of different types of microplastics on the elemental cycles (carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles) in ecosystems were comprehensively summarized.

Recent advances in the breakdown of microplastics: strategies and future prospectives.

Microplastics pollution is becoming a major environmental issue, and exposure to microplastics has been associated with numerous adverse results to both the ecological system and humans. This work summarized the state-of-the-art developments in the breakdown of microplastics, including natural weathering, catalysts-assisted breakdown and biodegradation. Characterization techniques for microplastic breakdown involve scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, etc.

Current status of microplastics pollution in the aquatic environment, interaction with other pollutants, and effects on aquatic organisms.

Microplastics, as emerging pollutants, have received great attention in the past few decades due to its adverse effects on the environment. Microplastics are ubiquitous in the atmosphere, soil, and water bodies, and mostly reported in aqueous environment. This paper summarizes the abundance and types of microplastics in different aqueous environments and discusses the interactions of microplastics with other contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), antibiotics, and heavy metals.

Recent advances on ecological effects of microplastics on soil environment.

The mass production and wide application of plastics and their derivatives have led to the release of a large number of discarded plastic products into the natural environment, where they continue to accumulate due to their low recycling rate and long durability. These large pieces of plastic will gradually break into microplastics (<5 mm), which are highly persistent organic pollutants and attract worldwide attention due to their small particle size and potential threats to the ecosystem. Compared with the aquatic system, terrestrial systems such as soils, as sinks for microplastics, are more susceptible to plastic pollution.

The miR172/IDS1 signaling module confers salt tolerance through maintaining ROS homeostasis in cereal crops.

Salt stress triggers the overdose accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in crop plants, leading to severe oxidative damage to living tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as master regulators orchestrating the stress responsive regulatory networks as well as salt tolerance. However, the fundamental roles of miRNAs in modulating salt tolerance in cereal crops, especially in salt-triggered ROS scavenging remain largely unknown.

Production and Identification of Wheat-Agropyron cristatum 2P Translocation Lines.

Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. (2n = 28, PPPP), a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many potentially valuable traits that can be transferred to common wheat through breeding programs.