Pestiorosins A-F, New Papulacandins Isolated from the Fungus Pestalotiopsis rosea YNJ21.

Six previously unreported papulacandins, namely pestiorosins A-F (1-6), were isolated from the fermentation products of the fungus Pestalotiopsis rosea YNJ21 isolated from the fruitbody of Amanita exitialis. The structures of these compounds, along with a known compound called pestiocandin (7), were determined using MS, NMR data, and modified Mosher's method. All compounds exhibited significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans, with MIC values ranging from 0.

OsLHY is involved in regulating flowering through the Hd1- and Ehd1- mediated pathways in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Flowering time (or heading date in crops) is a critical agronomic trait for rice reproduction and adaptation. The circadian clock is an endogenous oscillator that is involved in controlling photoperiodic flowering. The rice LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (OsLHY), the core oscillator component of circadian clock, is a homolog of the LHY/CCA1 in Arabidopsis.

Extensively Current Activity of Transposable Elements in Natural Rice Accessions Revealed by Singleton Insertions.

Active transposable elements (TEs) have drawn more attention as they continue to create new insertions and contribute to genetic diversity of the genome. However, only a few have been discovered in rice up to now, and their activities are mostly induced by artificial treatments (e.g.

Comparative Studies of Effects of Vapor- and Liquid-Phase AsO on Catalytic Behaviors of VO-WO/TiO Catalysts for NH-SCR.

The role of vapor- and liquid-phase AsO in deactivating commercial VO-WO/TiO catalyst during the NH-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process was explored and compared. AsO was loaded via vapor deposition (As(vap)) and the wet impregnation (As(imp)) method, respectively. Results demonstrated that the poisoning extent of vapor arsenic was much stronger than in the liquid state.

Identification, characterization, and functional prediction of circular RNAs in maize.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new type of intracellular regulator that have been widely identified in animals and plants by high-throughput sequencing. However, there are still few functional studies on circRNAs in plants. To better understand maize circRNAs and their potential functions, we identified 1199 circRNAs in maize from RiboMinus RNA-Seq transcriptome data, and found distinct features of splicing site selection bias, longer flanking introns, and miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) insertions in flanking introns in maize circRNAs compared to other plant circRNAs.

Transcriptome analysis of the thermosensitive genic male-sterile line provides new insights into fertility alteration in rice (Oryza sativa).

Thermosensitive genic male-sterile (TGMS) lines have been widely used for rice breeding to produce hybrid rice. Here, RNA-Seq was performed to investigate the expression profiles of young panicle from rice TGMS line at the microspore mother cell and meiosis stages under sterile and fertile conditions. A total of 1070 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, which were enriched in protein folding, protein binding, regulation of transcription, transcription factor activity and metabolic related processes.

Scutellarein suppresses Aβ-induced memory impairment via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and .

The flavonoid compound scutellarin (Scu) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat a variety of diseases; however, the use of scutellarein (Scue), the hydrolysate of Scu, and its mechanisms of action in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the effects of Scue on amyloid β (Aβ)-induced AD-like pathology were investigated. An model of inflammation and an aged rat model were used to confirm the effects of Scue.

Angelica polysaccharides inhibit the growth and promote the apoptosis of U251 glioma cells in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Angelica sinensis (Oliv) Diels (Apiaceae) is a traditional medicine that has been used for more than 2000 years in China. It exhibits various therapeutic effects including neuroprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. Angelica polysaccharides (APs), bioactive constituents of Angelica have been shown to be responsible for these effects; however, the utility of APs for the treatment of glioma and their mechanism of action remain to be elucidated.

Deoxyschizandrin suppresses dss-induced ulcerative colitis in mice.

Background/aims: Deoxyschizandrin as one of the most important component of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill plays an immunomodulatory role in a variety of diseases, yet its role in ulcerative colitis remains to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate the role of deoxyschizandrin in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice.

Investigation of the anti-glioma activity of Oviductus ranae protein hydrolysate.

Oviductus Ranae is the dry oviducts of Rana temporaria chensinensis, and it has been reported to have a range of biological activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Oviductus Ranae protein hydrolysate (ORPH) on human glioma C6 cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Following in vitro treatment, cell viability and colony formation assays showed that ORPH inhibited C6 cell proliferation.

Angelica sinensis reduced Aβ-induced memory impairment in rats.

Background: Studies have shown that Angelica sinensis (JiLin AoDong Medicine Industry Groups Co., Ltd., Jilin, China) root (AS) ameliorates various diseases, although its effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been elucidated.

Preparation of bleomycin A2-PLGA microspheres and related in vitro and in vivo studies.

The goals of these studies were to prepare bleomycin (BLM) A(2)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres and to investigate their in vitro release, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicology of this product. Long-acting BLM A(2)-PLGA microspheres were prepared using multiple emulsion solvent evaporation, and the related characteristics of the microspheres were investigated. The prepared microspheres were administered to dogs via intramuscular injection.