Species-specific circular RNA circDS-1 enhances adaptive evolution in Talaromyces marneffei through regulation of dimorphic transition.

Thermal adaptability is a crucial characteristic for mammalian pathogenic fungi that originally inhabit natural ecosystems. Thermally dimorphic fungi have evolved a unique ability to respond to host body temperature by shifting from mycelia to yeast. The high similarity of protein-coding genes between these fungi and their relatives suggests the indispensable but often overlooked roles of non-coding elements in fungal thermal adaptation.

Camera-based Gait Kinematic Features Analysis and Recognition of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The atypical development in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may cause varying degrees of gait deficits, characterized by uncoordinated and peculiar postures. However, these symptoms are often ignored due to their subtlety. This study aimed to quantify the atypical gait pattern in ASD and explore the feasibility of a gait-based method for ASD recognition.

The Jahn-Teller Effect: A Significant Influence on Single-atom Sites Catalysts for CO2 Photoreduction.

The pursuit of efficient photocatalytic materials has gained momentum because of increasing concerns over climate change and the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions. The Jahn-Teller effect is a fundamental phenomenon prevalent in metal complexes and exerts a significant influence on the design and performance of catalytic systems. It affects the redistribution of d-orbital electrons, thus impacting electron transfer efficiency, the stability of reaction intermediates, and the adsorption energies of reactants, ultimately resulting in enhanced catalytic efficiency.

Early intervention with pericyte Fli-1 post-TBI attenuates hippocampal BBB disruption and subsequent neuroinflammation with neurological deficits.

The ETS transcription factor Fli-1, known for regulating the vitality of pericyte in mice, has not been thoroughly investigated in traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, we used a mouse TBI model to demonstrate that Fli-1 expression in pericyte within the ipsilateral hippocampus is significantly increased following TBI and is associated with pericyte loss. Interfering with Fli-1 expression in pericyte disrupted their interactions with microglia, which in turn inhibited the transformation of microglia to a pro-inflammatory phenotype.

Individuals with high autistic traits exhibit altered interhemispheric brain functional connectivity patterns.

Individuals with high autistic traits (AT) encounter challenges in social interaction, similar to autistic persons. Precise screening and focused interventions positively contribute to improving this situation. Functional connectivity analyses can measure information transmission and integration between brain regions, providing neurophysiological insights into these challenges.

Nicorandil restores endothelial cell Kir6.2 expression to alleviate neuropathic pain in mice after chronic constriction injury.

The clinical management of neuropathic pain (NP) remains a significant challenge, as current pharmacological treatments do not fully meet clinical needs. Nicorandil, a potassium ATP channel agonist widely used in cardiovascular medicine, has recently been shown to have significant potential for analgesia. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of nicorandil in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) mouse model.

Bottom-up construction of chiral metal-peptide assemblies from metal cluster motifs.

The exploration of artificial metal-peptide assemblies (MPAs) is one of the most exciting fields because of their great potential for simulating the dynamics and functionality of natural proteins. However, unfavorable enthalpy changes make forming discrete complexes with large and adaptable cavities from flexible peptide ligands challenging. Here, we present a strategy integrating metal-cluster building blocks and peptides to create chiral metal-peptide assemblies and get a family of enantiopure [R-/S-NiL] (n = 2, 3, 6) MPAs, including the R-/S-NiL capsule, the S-NiL trigonal prism, and the R-/S-NiL octahedron cage.

Balancing Edge Defects and Graphitization in a Pt-Fe/Carbon Electrocatalyst for High-Power-Density and Durable Flow Seawater-Al/Acid Hybrid Fuel Cells and Zn-Air Batteries.

Overcoming the trade-off between the graphitization of the carbon substrate and enhanced electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) and intrinsic activity of Pt-C catalysts remains a major challenge for ensuring the durable operation of energy conversion devices. This article presents a hybrid catalyst consisting of PtFe nanoparticles and single Pt and Fe atoms supported on N-doped carbon (PtFe@PtFe-N-C), which exhibits improved activities in hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions (HER and ORR, respectively) and has excellent durability owing to the high graphitization, rich edge defects, and porosity of the carbon in PtFe@PtFe-N-C, as well as strong EMSI between the PtFe nanoparticles and edge-defective carbon embedded with Pt and Fe atoms. According to theoretical calculations, the strong EMSI optimizes the H* adsorption-desorption and facilitates the adsorption OOH*, accelerating the HER and ORR processes.

Tandem Protocol for Diversified Deuteration of Secondary Aliphatic Amines under Mild Conditions.

Deuteration of amine compounds has been widely of concern because of its practical role in organic reaction mechanisms and drug research; however, only limited deuteration label methods are accessible with DO as a deuterium source. Herein, we propose a convenient deuteration protocol, including preparing D by the AlGa activation method, using PtRu nanowires as catalysts, and utilizing the elementary step in the couple reaction involving an imine unit, to realize the rapid preparation of a secondary amine with a diversified deuteration label. The self-coupling between nitriles not only provides a symmetric secondary amine with four α-D atoms but also produces high-valued ND in an atomic-economic way.

RAGE mediates hippocampal pericyte responses and neurovascular unit lesions after TBI.

Traumatic brain injury impairs brain function through various mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that alterations in pericytes in various diseases affect neurovascular function, but the effects of TBI on hippocampal pericytes remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of RAGE activation on pericytes after TBI using male C57BL/6 J mice.

Zwitterionic Thiolate-Protected Ag(0/I) and Ag(I) Clusters: Assembly, Structural Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity.

Zwitterionic thiolate ligands have the potential to introduce novel assembly modes and functions for noble metal clusters. However, their utilization in the synthesis of silver clusters remains understudied, particularly for the clusters containing reductive Ag(0) species. In this article, we report the first synthesis of a mixed-valence silver(0/I) cluster protected by zwitterionic Tab as thiolate ligands (Tab = 4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate), denoted as [Ag(Tab)](PF)·16CHOH·6EtO (·16CHOH·6EtO), alongside an Ag(I) cluster [Ag(Tab)(PhCOO)(MeCN)(HO)](PF)·11MeCN (·11MeCN).

Engineering Single-Atom Sites with the Irving-Williams Series for the Simultaneous Co-photocatalytic CO Reduction and CHCHO Oxidation.

The bonding effects between 3d transition-metal single sites and supports originate from crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE). The 3d transition-metal atoms of the spontaneous geometrical distortions, that is the Jahn-Teller effect, can alter CFSE, thereby leading to the Irving-Williams series. However, engineering single-atom sites (SASs) using the Irving-Williams series as an ideal guideline has not been reported to date.

Polyhedral {Ag} and {Ag} Clusters: Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties.

Two polyhedral silver-thiolate clusters, [S@Ag(Tab)(MeCN)](PF) (Ag) and [Ag(Tab)(DMF)](PF) (Ag), were synthesized by using electroneutral Tab species as protective ligands (Tab=4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate, DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide, MeCN=acetonitrile). Ag has a decahedral shape composed of eight pentagon {Ag} units and two square {Ag} units. The structure of Ag is a cuboctahedron, a classical Archimedean structure composed of six triangular faces and eight square faces.

Unraveling the dynamic transcriptomic changes during the dimorphic transition of through time-course analysis.

Introduction: Systemic dimorphic fungi pose a significant public health challenge, causing over one million new infections annually. The dimorphic transition between saprophytic mycelia and pathogenic yeasts is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of dimorphic fungi. However, despite the dynamic nature of dimorphic transition, the current omics studies focused on dimorphic transition primarily employ static strategies, partly due to the lack of suitable dynamic analytical methods.

Self-Assembly of Cluster-Mediated 3D Catenanes with Size-Specific Recognition Behavior.

Although interlocked three-dimensional molecules display unique properties associated with their spatial structures, their synthesis and study of their host-guest properties remain challenging. We report the formation of a novel [2]catenane, [EtN]@[(Tp*WSCuCl)(-bpype)](OTf) ([EtN][](OTf)), by self-assembly of the cluster node [Tp*WSCuCl] and the organic linker ()-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-bis(4-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)ethene (-bpype). Single-crystal X-ray and NMR analyses established that [] is formed by the interpenetration of two cluster-organic cages.

Exploration and Insights on Topology Adjustment of Giant Heterometallic Cages Featuring Inorganic Skeletons Assisted by Machine Learning.

Inorganic molecular cages are emerging multifunctional molecular-based platforms with the unique merits of rigid skeletons and inherited properties from constituent metal ions. However, the sensitive coordination bonds and vast synthetic space have limited their systematic exploration. Herein, two giant cage-like clusters featuring the organic ligand-directed inorganic skeletons of Ni[LaNi(IDA)(OH)(CO)(HO)]·(NO)·(HO) (, 5 × 5 × 3 - CO) and [LaNi(IDA)(OH)(CO)(NO)(HO)]·(NO)·(HO) (, 5 × 5 × 5 - CO) were discovered by a high-throughput synthetic search.

From Helices to Crystals: Multiscale Representation of Chirality in Double-Helix Structures.

Single crystals with chiral shapes aroused the interest of chemists due to their fascinating polarization rotation properties. Although the formation of large-scale spiral structures is considered to be a potential factor in chiral crystals, the precise mechanism behind their formation remains elusive. Herein, we present a rare phenomenon involving the multitransfer and expression of chirality at micro-, meso-, and macroscopic levels, starting from chiral carbon atoms and extending to the double-helical secondary structure, ultimately resulting in the chiral geometry of crystals.

Circularly polarized luminescence and performance modulation of chiral europium-titanium (EuTi)-oxo clusters.

The designed synthesis of chiral luminescent molecules with excellent circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) performance and high quantum yield (QY) levels has attracted great interest but remains very challenging. Herein, we report three pairs of chiral europium-titanium-oxo clusters featuring both modest CPL characteristics and high QY levels (up to 79%), which can be regulated by switching between different ligand substituents.

Depression recognition using a proposed speech chain model fusing speech production and perception features.

Background: Increasing depression patients puts great pressure on clinical diagnosis. Audio-based diagnosis is a helpful auxiliary tool for early mass screening. However, current methods consider only speech perception features, ignoring patients' vocal tract changes, which may partly result in the poor recognition.

Interplay between anisotropy and magnetic exchange to modulate the magnetic relaxation behaviours of phenoxo bridged Dy dimers with axial β-diketonate co-ligands.

A series of Schiff base LH (()-2-((pyridin-2-ylmethylene)amino)phenol) supported phenoxo bridged symmetric [Dy(L)(hfac)] (1), [Dy(L)(tfac)] (2) and asymmetric [Dy(L)(thd)(NO)]·1.5HO (3) binuclear complexes were isolated using differently substituted β-diketonate co-ligands (Hhfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate, Htfac = trifluoroacetylacetonate, and Hthd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione). In all the three complexes 1-3, the two LH ligands provide phenoxo bridging and N-donor atoms.

The landscape of hervRNAs transcribed from human endogenous retroviruses across human body sites.

Background: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), the remnants of ancient retroviruses, account for 8% of the human genome, but most have lost their transcriptional abilities under physiological conditions. However, mounting evidence shows that several expressed HERVs do exert biological functions. Here, we systematically characterize physiologically expressed HERVs and examine whether they may give insight into the molecular fundamentals of human development and disease.