Epithelial cell diversity and immune remodeling in bladder cancer progression: insights from single-cell transcriptomics.

Background: The progression of bladder cancer (BC) from non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) significantly increases disease severity. Although the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in this process, the heterogeneity of tumor cells and TME components remains underexplored.

Methods: We characterized the transcriptomes of single cells from 11 BC samples, including 4 NMIBC, 4 MIBC, and 3 adjacent normal tissues.

IGF2BP2 Shapes the Tumor Microenvironment by Regulating Monocyte and Macrophage Recruitment in Bladder Cancer.

Background: Immunotherapy has shown promise for bladder cancer (BC) treatment but is effective only in a subset of patients. Understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its regulators, such as the expression of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators, may improve therapeutic outcomes. This study focuses on the role of IGF2BP2, an m6A reader, in modulating the BC TME.

Enhanced Tumor-Targeted Delivery of Arginine-Rich Peptides via a Positive Feedback Loop Orchestrated by Piezo1/integrin β1 Signaling Axis.

Peptide-based drugs hold great potential for cancer treatment, and their effectiveness is driven by mechanisms on how peptides target cancer cells and escape from potential lysosomal entrapment post-endocytosis. Yet, the mechanisms remain elusive, which hinder the design of peptide-based drugs. Here hendeca-arginine peptides (R11) are synthesized for targeted delivery in bladder carcinoma (BC), investigated the targeting efficiency and elucidated the mechanism of peptide-based delivery, with the aim of refining the design and efficacy of peptide-based therapeutics.

Association between oxidative balance score and kidney stones: data from the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES).

Purpose: Some studies have found that the pathological formation of kidney stones is closely related to injury and inflammatory response. Behaviors such as dietary composition, physical activity, obesity and smoking can all affect the body's oxidative stress levels. In order to evaluate the effects of various diets and lifestyles on the body's oxidative and antioxidant systems, an oxidative balance score was developed.

Enhanced interfacial effect via acid theory with boosted photocatalytic performance of nitenpyram removal.

Surface reaction is a prominent aspect that affects the efficiency of photocatalysis. In this work, acid theory was employed to facilitate the reaction dynamics and enhance the interfacial effect between photocatalysts and target molecules. The photocatalytic removal efficiency of NTP was 66 % for bare CdS in 50 min with apparent rate constants of 0.

Inhibition of autophagy can promote the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells induced by SC66 through the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.

Bladder cancer is among the ten most prevalent cancer types worldwide, and its prognosis has not improved significantly in the past three decades because of cognitive limitations in the molecular mechanisms that drive the malignant progression of bladder cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic drugs or molecular targets to improve the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. SC66, a novel allosteric inhibitor of AKT, has recently been reported to exert potent anticancer effects on various cancer cells.

In Situ Fabrication of CdS/Cd(OH) for Effective Visible Light-Driven Photocatalysis.

Photocatalytic hydrogen production is a promising technology that can generate renewable energy. However, light absorption and fast electron transfer are two main challenges that restrict the practical application of photocatalysis. Moreover, most of the composite photocatalysts that possess better photocatalytic performance are fabricated by various methods, many of which are complicated and in which, the key conditions are hard to control.

PAQR5 inhibits the growth and metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by suppressing the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a high degree of malignancy and poor overall prognosis in advanced and metastatic patients. Therefore, it is of great significance to find new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ccRCC. The expression of progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 5 (PAQR5) is significantly downregulated in ccRCC compared with normal tissues, but its specific mechanism and potential biological function in ccRCC remain unclear.

Biological Properties of Arginine-rich Peptides and their Application in Cargo Delivery to Cancer.

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) comprise short peptides of fewer than 30 amino acids, which are rich in arginine (Arg) or lysine (Lys). CPPs have attracted interest in the delivery of various cargos, such as drugs, nucleic acids, and other macromolecules over the last 30 years. Among all types of CPPs, arginine-rich CPPs exhibit higher transmembrane efficiency due to bidentate bonding between their guanidinium groups and negatively charged cellular components.

A novel 450-nm laser-mediated sinoporphyrin sodium-based photodynamic therapy induces autophagic cell death in gastric cancer through regulation of the ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become an ideal and promising therapeutic method for fighting cancer, but its common application in clinical practice is prevented by the limitations of expensive devices in light sources and phototoxicity in photosensitizers. The aim of this study was to explore the antitumor efficiency of the novel 450-nm blue laser (BL) combined with sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS)-mediated PDT against human gastric cancer (GC) in vitro and in vivo, focusing on autophagy pathway.

Methods: Cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays in HGC27, MGC803, AGS, and GES-1 cells.

Identification of a six-gene prognostic signature for bladder cancer associated macrophage.

As major components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an exceedingly complicated role in tumor progression and tumorigenesis. However, few studies have reported the specific TAM gene signature in bladder cancer. Herein, this study focused on developing a TAM-related prognostic model in bladder cancer patients based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.

Combined Self-Assembled Hendeca-Arginine Nanocarriers for Effective Targeted Gene Delivery to Bladder Cancer.

Introduction: Bladder cancer (BCa) is among the most prevalent cancers worldwide. However, the effectiveness of intravesical therapy for BCa is limited due to the short dwell time and the presence of the permeation barrier.

Methods: Nanocomplexes were self-assembled between DNA and hendeca-arginine peptide (R11).

Substratification of patients with highest-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer helps to identify the candidates for immediate radical cystectomy: A two-center study.

Objectives: Performing immediate radical cystectomy in all patients with the highest-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer results in overtreatment. We confirm whether the substratification of highest-risk patients can more effectively select suitable patients for radical cystectomy.

Methods: Patients with primary T1 high grade bladder cancer from two centers were included and roughly stratified into high-risk or highest-risk.

Identification of CCL4 as an Immune-Related Prognostic Biomarker Associated With Tumor Proliferation and the Tumor Microenvironment in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

The last decade has witnessed revolutionary advances taken in immunotherapy for various malignant tumors. However, immune-related molecules and their characteristics in the prediction of clinical outcomes and immunotherapy response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain largely unclear. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 4 (CCL4) was extracted from the intersection analysis of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of four microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and immune-related gene lists in the ImmPort database using Cytoscape plug-ins and univariate Cox regression analysis.

Identification of a Six-Gene Prognostic Signature Characterized by Tumor Microenvironment Immune Profiles in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is widely acknowledged to be extremely sensitive to immunotherapy, emphasizing the tremendous impacts on which the tumor microenvironment (TME) has shown. However, the molecular subgroups characterized by the TME features scarcely serve as the risk stratification guides in clinical practice for survival outcomes and immunotherapy response prediction. This study generated fresh insights into a novel TME-related prognostic signature derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas database using integrated bioinformatics analyses.

ITPR3 facilitates tumor growth, metastasis and stemness by inducing the NF-ĸB/CD44 pathway in urinary bladder carcinoma.

Background: Bladder carcinoma is one of the most common urological cancers. ITPR3, as a ubiquitous endoplasmic reticulum calcium channel protein, was reported to be involved in the development and progression of various types of cancer. However, the potential roles and molecular mechanism of ITPR3 in bladder cancer are still unclear.

The miR-218/GAB2 axis regulates proliferation, invasion and EMT via the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway in prostate cancer.

Altered expression of microRNA (miRNA) is associated with the occurrence and metastasis of various tumors. We previously found that miR-218 inhibits tumor angiogenesis through the RICTOR/VEGFA axis in prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we determined that miR-218 also had a negative effect on cell growth, migration, and invasion ability in PCa.

Thymoquinone suppresses invasion and metastasis in bladder cancer cells by reversing EMT through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Epithelial mesenchymal transformation plays a crucial role in the metastasis of bladder cancer, which makes bladder cancer difficult to cure. Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary system, and distant metastasis is the leading cause of death. Therefore, finding a bioactive drug that can specifically inhibit epithelial mesenchymal transformation may be a new direction for bladder cancer treatment in the future.

Abundance and distribution of immature mosquitoes in urban rivers proximate to their larval habitats.

Whether ecological restoration of polluted urban rivers would provide suitable breeding habitats for some mosquitoes was not clear yet. It was therefore important to determine how altered river conditions influence mosquito ecology. Monthly data on water quality and larval density were obtained to determine the effects of river systems on the distribution and abundance of immature mosquitoes in two coastal cities in Eastern China.

[Sorption characteristics of tea waste modified by hydrated ferric oxide toward Pb(II) in water].

Hydrated ferric oxide was successfully impregnated onto tea waste by precipitation to obtain a new sorbent named HFO-TW, the adsorption characteristics of which toward Pb(II) in aqueous solution was investigated by evaluating the effects of pH value, contact time, coexisting ion, temperature, and initial concentration of Pb(II). The Pb(II) sorption onto HFO-TW was pH- dependent, and the higher pH value was more helpful for Pb(II) adsorption onto HFO-TW in the pH range of 2.5-7.

Kinetics of p-nitrophenol adsorption by layered double oxides during its hydration.

Kinetics of p-nitrophenol (PNP) adsorption onto layered double oxides (LDO) during its hydration into layered double hydroxides (LDH) was studied. Results indicate that the adsorption of PNP onto LDO is a spontaneous endothermic process. The adsorption isotherms correlate well with the Freundlich type model.