Effect of slope position on the spatial distribution of soil preferential flow paths based on point pattern analysis.

The mechanisms of soil preferential flow occurrence and development are influenced by topographic and geomorphological factors. However, the complex distribution patterns of soil preferential flow paths on different slopes remain unclear. Therefore, taking the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area of Simian Mountain as the study area, this study conducted a quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics and spatial association of soil preferential flow at different slope positions (slope shoulder (SS), mid-slope (SM) and slope foot (SF)) using field staining tracer tests and spatial point pattern analysis.

Interleukin-6 deficiency reduces neuroinflammation by inhibiting the STAT3-cGAS-STING pathway in Alzheimer's disease mice.

Background: The Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, along with the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, are critical contributors to neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although previous research outside the context of AD has indicated that the IL-6-STAT3 pathway may regulate the cGAS-STING pathway, the exact molecular mechanisms through which IL-6-STAT3 influences cGAS-STING in AD are still not well understood.

Methods: The activation of the IL-6-STAT3 and cGAS-STING pathways in the hippocampus of 5×FAD and WT mice was analyzed using WB and qRT-PCR.

Empiric embolization by vasospasm therapy for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a preliminary report.

To report the preliminary result of empiric embolization for angiographycally-negative lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) by using the pharmaco-induced vasospasm technique with or without the adjunctive use of intra-arterial multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). 23 LGIB patients with positive MDCT findings but negative angiographic results underwent empiric pharmaco-induced vasospasm therapy. The presumed bleeding artery was semi-selectively catheterized, and a segment of bowel was temporarily spasmed with bolus injection of epinephrine and immediately followed by 4-h' vasopressin infusion.

Prognostic Evaluation of Conversion Therapy following Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy or Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced or Transarterial Chemoembolization Unsuitable Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Patients with advanced-stage or intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) unsuitable for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) had poor prognoses. Recent advancements in hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated higher tumor response rates, which improved overall survival (OS). HAIC achieves an OS rate of approximately 14.

Organoids-On-a-Chip for Personalized Precision Medicine.

The development of personalized precision medicine has become a pivotal focus in modern healthcare. Organoids-on-a-Chip (OoCs), a groundbreaking fusion of organoid culture and microfluidic chip technology, has emerged as a promising approach to advancing patient-specific treatment strategies. In this review, the diverse applications of OoCs are explored, particularly their pivotal role in personalized precision medicine, and their potential as a cutting-edge technology is highlighted.

DNA Nanostructures: Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy is a groundbreaking medical revolution and a paradigm shift from traditional cancer treatments, harnessing the power of the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. In recent years, DNA nanostructures have emerged as prominent players in cancer immunotherapy, exhibiting immense potential due to their controllable structure, surface addressability, and biocompatibility. This review provides an overview of the various applications of DNA nanostructures, including scaffolded DNA, DNA hydrogels, tetrahedral DNA nanostructures, DNA origami, spherical nucleic acids, and other DNA-based nanostructures in cancer immunotherapy.

Aptamer-controlled stimuli-responsive drug release.

Aptamers have been widely researched and applied in nanomedicine due to their programmable, activatable, and switchable properties. However, there are few reviews on aptamer-controlled stimuli-responsive drug delivery. This article highlights the mechanisms and advantages of aptamers in the construction of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems.

Construction and validation of a SASP-related prognostic signature in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a common and highly aggressive haematological malignancy in adults. Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) plays important roles in tumorigenesis and progression of tumour. However, the prognostic value of SASP in patients with AML has not been clarified.

Percutaneous Endovascular Creation of a Neo-arteriovenous Fistula in Dysfunctional Hemodialysis Fistulas.

Purpose: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) is the preferred type of hemodialysis access, but when an arteriovenous anastomosis (AVA) calcifies, surgical revision of the AVF may be required. We report a technique to create percutaneous artery-to-vein intervascular neo-fistulas for re-anastomosis of AVA and evaluate its safety and efficacy.

Materials And Methods: 9 patients who failed either guidewire navigation or conventional balloon dilation for calcified AVA stenosis/occlusion underwent a salvage procedure of their dialysis shunt by the percutaneous creation of a new arteriovenous fistula.

Development of an animal model of hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy in Wistar rats.

Background: Hypothyroxinemia is a subclinical thyroid hormone deficiency in which the mother has inadequate levels of T during pregnancy. The fetus relies entirely on the mother's T hormone level for early neurodevelopment. Isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia (IMH) in the first trimester of pregnancy can lead to lower intelligence, lower motor scores, and a higher risk of mental illness in descendants.

Apolipoprotein E4 interferes with lipid metabolism to exacerbate depression-like behaviors in 5xFAD mice.

Background: Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease, and it can aggravate depressive symptoms in non-AD patients. However, the impact of ApoE4 on AD-associated depression-like behaviors and its underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: This study developed a 5xFAD mouse model overexpressing human ApoE4 (E4FAD).

Research on a Framework for Chinese Argot Recognition and Interpretation by Integrating Improved MECT Models.

In underground industries, practitioners frequently employ argots to communicate discreetly and evade surveillance by investigative agencies. Proposing an innovative approach using word vectors and large language models, we aim to decipher and understand the myriad of argots in these industries, providing crucial technical support for law enforcement to detect and combat illicit activities. Specifically, positional differences in semantic space distinguish argots, and pre-trained language models' corpora are crucial for interpreting them.

Fluorescence and Lifetime Imaging of Endoplasmic Reticulum Polarity Change During Ferroptosis.

As a new form of regulated cell death, ferroptosis is closely related to various diseases. Tracing ferroptosis related biological behavior is helpful to better understand this process and its related biology. Considering that ferroptosis is featured with remarkable lipid peroxidation which can easily change the membranes' compositions and structures, it is potential to detect intracellular environmental changes for direct assessment of ferroptosis.

A novel MICA/B-targeted chimeric antigen receptor augments the cytotoxicity of NK cells against tumor cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified immune cells have emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment, but single-target CAR therapy in solid tumors is limited by immune escape caused by tumor antigen heterogeneity and shedding. Natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) is an activating receptor expressed in human NK cells, and its ligands, such as MICA and MICB (MICA/B), are widely expressed in malignant cells and typically absent from healthy tissue. NKG2D plays an important role in anti-tumor immunity, recognizing tumor cells and initiating an anti-tumor response.

: improved software for simulation and inverse problem solving for X-ray reflectivity.

This work introduces (), an open-source software package designed to simulate X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and address the inverse problem of reconstructing film structures on the basis of measured XRR curves. features a user-friendly graphical interface that facilitates interactive simulation and reconstruction. The software employs a recursive approach based on the Fresnel equations to calculate XRR and incorporates specialized tools for modeling periodic multilayer structures.

In-Depth Review of Loeffler Endocarditis: What Have We Learned?

Loeffler endocarditis, eosinophilic endocarditis or eosinophilic endomyocardial disease are conditions associated with hypereosinophilia and they affect the heart function. Loeffler endocarditis is a rare endomyocardial disorder thought to be caused by eosinophilic damage. The disorder is characterized by inflammatory infiltration, formation of thrombus within cardiovascular system, and ultimately fibrosis of the afflicted area.

Developing an Approach for Calculating Theoretical Minimum Hydrogen Consumption during Catalytic Hydrotreating of Diesel.

Identifying the unnecessary H consumption existing in diesel hydrotreating process and calculating theoretical minimum H consumption are extremely critical for reducing H consumption in consideration of carbon reduction and resource utilization improvement. In this work, chemical reactions happened during diesel hydrotreating were categorized into hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), saturation of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs), saturation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hydrogenation of olefins (HGO) and hydrocracking reactions (HCR). Then, in order to gain insights into where and how much H can be reduced, the ideal molecular compositions of the products were analyzed when theoretical minimum H was achieved for each type of reactions, which can give a genuine value of average relative molecular weight and average number of moles of H consumed per mole of reactants, leading to the establishment of method for calculating theoretical minimum H consumption.

VEGF-C prophylaxis favors lymphatic drainage and modulates neuroinflammation in a stroke model.

Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) promote tissue clearance and immune surveillance in the central nervous system (CNS). Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) regulates MLV development and maintenance and has therapeutic potential for treating neurological disorders. Herein, we investigated the effects of VEGF-C overexpression on brain fluid drainage and ischemic stroke outcomes in mice.

Enhancing CO catalytic oxidation performance over Cu-doping manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves catalyst.

The CO oxidation catalytic activity of catalysts is strongly influenced by the oxygen vacancy defects (OVDs) concentration and the valence state of active metal. Herein, a defect engineering approach was implemented to enhance the oxygen vacancy defects and to modify the valence of metal ions in manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS-2) by the introduction of copper (Cu). The characterization and theoretical calculation results reveal that the incorporation of Cu ion into the OMS-2 structure led to a rise in specific surface area and pore volume, weakening of Mn-O bonds, higher proportion of the low-coordinated oxygen species adsorbed in oxygen vacancies (O) and an increase in the average oxidation state of manganese.

Combining physical & cognitive training with iPSC-derived dopaminergic neuron transplantation promotes graft integration & better functional outcome in parkinsonian marmosets.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a relentlessly progressive and currently incurable neurodegenerative disease with significant unmet medical needs. Since PD stems from the degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons in a defined brain location, PD patients are considered optimal candidates for cell replacement therapy. Clinical trials for cell transplantation in PD are beginning to re-emerge worldwide with a new focus on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a source of DA neurons since they can be derived from adult somatic cells and produced in large quantities under current good manufacturing practices.

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with major portal vein invasion: Therapeutic outcomes of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy vs concurrent radiotherapy.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with major portal vein invasion (MPVI) presents very poor outcomes. Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and radiation therapy (RT) have both been found to be effective for advanced HCC. In this retrospective study, we compared the therapeutic outcomes of our "new" HAIC regimen with and without concurrent RT, before and after propensity score matching (PSM) in treating HCC patients with MPVI.

circRARS synergises with IGF2BP3 to regulate RNA methylation recognition to promote tumour progression in renal cell carcinoma.

As the most prominent RNA modification, N6-methyladenosine (m A) participates in the regulation of tumour initiation and progression. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) also play crucial roles in ubiquitous life processes. Whether circRNAs are required for m A regulation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear.

Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis and the Risk of Developing Incidental Tuberculosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

: Treatment for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) must deal with immunosuppression, as well as infections associated with a compromised immune system, such as tuberculosis (TB). Our aim was to examine the risk of incidental TB after diagnosis of AAV. : This retrospective population-based cohort study was based on the data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan.

Molecular programs of regional specification and neural stem cell fate progression in macaque telencephalon.

During early telencephalic development, intricate processes of regional patterning and neural stem cell (NSC) fate specification take place. However, our understanding of these processes in primates, including both conserved and species-specific features, remains limited. Here, we profiled 761,529 single-cell transcriptomes from multiple regions of the prenatal macaque telencephalon.