Artificial switches induce the bespoke production of functional compounds in marine microalgae Chlorella by neutralizing CO.

To improve the CO tolerance of a marine microalga Chlorella sp. of which the production capacity has been demonstrated industrially, a mutant library was created and a strain hct53 was screened. Compared to the parental strain, hct53 shows a high CO capture capacity, while starch biosynthesis is compromised, with increases in health beneficial metabolites and antioxidant capacity.

Risk factors for stroke in a population of central China: A cross-sectional study.

The incidence and mortality rates of stroke in China are higher than the world average, seriously endangering the public's health and quality of life. It is important to predict the incidence of stroke, identify the high-risk factors in the region, and raise the risk awareness of high-risk groups. This study sought to investigate and analyze the distribution of stroke population and the main risk factors for stroke occurrence in a Chinese population, and to predict the probability of stroke occurrence in high-risk groups with risk factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of stroke.

Microalgal photoautotrophic growth induces pH decrease in the aquatic environment by acidic metabolites secretion.

Background: Microalgae can absorb CO during photosynthesis, which causes the aquatic environmental pH to rise. However, the pH is reduced when microalga Euglena gracilis (EG) is cultivated under photoautotrophic conditions. The mechanism behind this unique phenomenon is not yet elucidated.

Euendolithic Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria Together Contribute to Trigger Bioerosion in Aquatic Environments.

Shellfish, mussels, snails, and other aquatic animals, which assimilate limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO) to build shells and skeletons, are effective carbon sinks that help mitigate the greenhouse effect. However, bioerosion, the dissolution of calcium carbonate and the release of carbon dioxide, hinders carbon sequestration process. The bioerosion of aquatic environments remains to be elucidated.

Ultrahigh-cell-density heterotrophic cultivation of the unicellular green alga Chlorella sorokiniana for biomass production.

Heterotrophic cultivation of Chlorella has achieved commercial success, but the application of Chlorella biomass is still limited due to the high cost of biomass production. In this study, an effective and industrially scalable heterotrphic cultivation technology has been developed for a production strain Chlorella sorokiniana GT-1. Under the optimized culturing conditions, the ultrahigh biomass concentration of 271 and 247 g L was achieved in 7.

Trophic Transition Enhanced Biomass and Lipid Production of the Unicellular Green Alga .

Microalgal heterotrophic cultivation is an emerging technology that can enable producing high cell-density algal cell cultures, which can be coupled with photoautotrophic cultivation for valuable chemicals such as lipids manufacturing. However, how the heterotrophically grown algal cells respond to the lipid-inducing conditions has not been fully elucidated so far. In this study, when the heterotrophically grown cells were subjected to the high light (HL) and nitrogen-limited (NL) conditions, both the biomass and lipid productivity were enhanced as compared to that of the photoautotrophically grown counterparts.

Water reuse and growth inhibition mechanisms for cultivation of microalga Euglena gracilis.

Background: Microalgae can contribute to more than 40% of global primary biomass production and are suitable candidates for various biotechnology applications such as food, feed products, drugs, fuels, and wastewater treatment. However, the primary limitation for large-scale algae production is the fact that algae requires large amounts of fresh water for cultivation. To address this issue, scientists around the world are working on ways to reuse the water to grow microalgae so that it can be grown in successive cycles without the need for fresh water.

Immune activation of murine RAW264.7 macrophages by sonicated and alkalized paramylon from Euglena gracilis.

Background: Euglena is a new super health food resource that is rich in the natural polysaccharide paramylon, a linear β-1,3-glucan with various biological activities including activity on the immune system in different cell lines and animals. Despite these reports, the immune regulation mechanism of paramylon is still unclear.

Results: We investigate the signaling pathways paramylon impacts in immune macrophages.

Pre-concentration of microalga by alkalescent pH treatment and flocculation mechanism of Ca(PO), Mg(PO), and derivatives.

Background: Microalgae are widely be used in carbon sequestration, food supplements, natural pigments, polyunsaturated fatty acids, biofuel applications, and wastewater treatment. However, the difficulties incurred in algae cell separation and harvesting, and the exorbitant cost required to overcome these challenges, are the primary limitations to large-scale industrial application of microalgae technology.

Results: Herein, we explore the potential of inducing flocculation by adjusting the pH for pre-concentrating .

Surgical treatment of 42 patients with cerebral schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum.

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of surgical treatment for cerebral schistosomiasis.

Methods: The clinical data of 42 patients with cerebral schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum undergoing surgical therapy were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: There were 25 cases undergoing total resection of schistosomal granulomas and 17 cases undergoing partial resection of the lesions involving the functional areas or more than 2 lobes, and none died of the surgery.

[Preliminary study on establishing an animal model of neuroschistosomiasis by direct injection of Schistosoma japonicum eggs through skull].

Objective: To establish an experimental model of neuroschistosomiasis and investigate the model establishment factors.

Methods: Rabbits were used for the animal model and Schistosoma japonicum eggs (1 mg/ml) were directly injected into the brain by two ways of a bone drill or needle. The symptoms were observed and in the first and second week and later, the rabbits' brains were removed for pathological examinations.

Microsurgery Resection of Intrinsic Insular Tumors via Transsylvian Surgical Approach in 12 Cases.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, operative methods, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the resection of intrinsic insular gliomas via transsylvian approach.

Methods: From June 2008 to June 2010, 12 patients with intrinsic insular gliomas were treated via transsylvian microsurgical approach, with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging (MR DTI) evaluation. The data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Clinical and imaging characteristics of cerebral schistosomiasis.

In recent years, there has been a trend for increased incidence of cerebral schistosomiasis. It is often misdiagnosed because of the diversity of clinical symptoms. We wished to explore clinical characteristics and imaging findings in cerebral schistosomiasis.

Establishment of a cerebral schistosomiasis experimental model in rabbits.

Objective: The present study aimed to establish a cerebral schistosomiasis model in rabbits, to provide a valuable tool for morphological analysis, clinical manifestation observation, as well as investigations into immunological reactions and pathogenesis of focal inflammatory reaction in neuroschistosomiasis (NS).

Methods: Sixty New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned into operation, sham-operation and normal groups. Rabbits in the operation group received direct injection of dead schistosome eggs into the brain, while their counterparts in the sham-operation group received saline injection.

Research development of the pathogenesis pathways for neuroschistosomiasis.

The infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by schistosome may or may not have clinical manifestations. When symptomatic, neuroschistosomiasis (NS) is one of the most severe presentations of schistosome infection. Among the NS symptoms, cerebral invasion is mostly caused by Schistosoma japonicum (S.

[Surgical treatment of patients with cerebral schistosomiasis].

Clinical data from 48 cases with cerebral schistosomiasis, who received surgery, were analyzed retrospectively. Surgical treatment was performed when the patient had the following conditions: mass focus confirmed by CT scanning, cranial hypertension, or ineffective drug therapy, or indistinguishable from glioma by iconographic diagnosis. Treatment of praziquantel was given when the patients got improved.

Rapid natural resolution of intracranial hematoma.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of intracranial hematoma and the mechanism involved in its rapid natural resolution.

Methods: Seventeen cases of intracranial hematoma with typical clinical and CT manifestations were retrospectively studied.

Results: Intracranial hematoma was found obviously decreased in size within 72 h after its occurrence in 8 cases.