Promoted oxygen adsorption on porous CeO cubes with abundant oxygen vacancies for efficient gaseous formaldehyde removal.

Photocatalytic degradation stands as a promising method for eliminating gas-phase pollutants, with the efficiency largely hinging on the capture of photogenerated electrons by oxygen. In this work, we synthesized a porous CeO single crystal cube with abundant oxygen vacancies as photocatalyst, employing urea as a pore-forming agent and for gas-phase formaldehyde degradation. Compared with the CeO cubes without pores, the porous ones were superior in specific surface area, akin to conventional CeO nanoparticles.

Optoelectrical Regulation of CuBiO Photocathode via Photonic Crystal Structure for Solar-Fuel Conversion.

Metal oxide semiconductors have been regarded as ideal candidates for photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO reduction if the contradiction between photon harvesting and photocarrier collection can be resolved. The novel three-dimensional structure provides an available approach to balancing the above-mentioned contradiction. In this work, CuBiO photonic crystal photocathodes with different feature sizes were developed to realize the regulation of optoelectrical properties.

Electrostatic Field Enhanced Photocatalytic CO Conversion on BiVO Nanowires.

The recombination loss of photo-carriers in photocatalytic systems fatally determines the energy conversion efficiency of photocatalysts. In this work, an electrostatic field was used to inhibit the recombination of photo-carriers in photocatalysts by separating photo-holes and photo-electrons in space. As a model structure, (010) facet-exposed BiVO nanowires were grown on PDMS-insulated piezo-substrate of piezoelectric transducer (PZT).

Construction of TiO-MnO 0D-2D nanostructured heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production.

The low transfer efficiency and high recombination loss of photo-induced carriers in TiO2 are significant issues that hinder its photocatalytic activity. Herein, TiO2 nanoparticles (∼5 nm) were loaded on MnO2 nanosheets (40-60 nm) to form TiO2-MnO2 nanostructured heterojunction (0D-2D nanostructure unit), possessing a high specific surface area. The separation/transfer efficiency of photocarriers and the solar absorptivity of TiO2-MnO2 were improved, thus enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency.

Inhibition of Sn(ii) oxidation in Z-scheme BiVO-QD@SnO for overall water splitting.

In this work, it is verified that the preferred oxidation of Sn in SnO during photocatalysis is the main cause for inefficient oxygen evolution. This could be inhibited by depositing BiVO-QDs attributed to Z-scheme charge transfer. This inhibition, along with promoted charge separation, leads to the achievement of overall water-splitting.

Ultrafine SnO/010 Facet-Exposed BiVO Nanocomposites as Efficient Photoanodes for Controllable Conversion of 2,4-Dichlorophenol via a Preferential Dechlorination Path.

It is a great challenge for achieving efficiently controllable conversion of chlorinated organics through BiVO-based photoelectrochemical methods by improving the selective adsorption of such organics and charge separation. Herein, we have successfully fabricated SnO/010 facet-exposed BiVO nanocomposites by a series of hydrothermal processes and further used as efficient photoanodes. The resulting photoanode exhibits about 6.

O-GlcNAcylation in immunity and inflammation: An intricate system (Review).

Chronic, low‑grade inflammation associated with obesity and diabetes result from the infiltration of adipose and vascular tissue by immune cells and contributes to cardiovascular complications. Despite an incomplete understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of immune cell differentiation and inflammation, O‑GlcNAcylation, the addition of O‑linked N‑acetylglucosamine (O‑GlcNAc) to cytoplasmic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins by the two cycling enzymes, the O‑linked N‑acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and the O‑GlcNAcase (OGA), may contribute to fine‑tune immunity and inflammation in both physiological and pathological conditions. Early studies have indicated that O‑GlcNAcylation of proteins play a pro‑inflammatory role in diabetes and insulin resistance, whereas subsequent studies have demonstrated that this post‑translational modification could also be protective against acute injuries.

A novel "turn-on" fluorometric and magnetic bi-functional strategy for ascorbic acid sensing and in vivo imaging via carbon dots-MnO nanosheet nanoprobe.

Ascorbic acid (AA) is an essential vitamin and plays an irreplaceable role in humans' daily life. Therefore, it is of profound significance to develop effective strategies for AA sensing. Herein, a novel bi-functional sensing strategy was developed by using carbon dots (CDs) and MnO nanosheet as the fluorometric/magnetic signal source.

[Comparison of laparoscopic exploration and exploratory laparotomy in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal open trauma].

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopic exploration in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal open trauma.

Methods: Patients with abdominal open trauma admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from August to December in 2018 were enrolled. According to different exploration methods, 11 patients undergoing laparoscopic exploration were grouped into laparoscopy group and 20 patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy were grouped into laparotomy group.

Fabrication of Silver Decorated Graphene Oxide Composite for Photocatalytic Inactivation of .

In this study, silver decorated graphene oxide (Ag/GO) composite was fabricated through a reduction process in the presence of potassium borohydride solution. Subsequently, physicochemical properties of the resulting Ag/GO composite were studied by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum. Results indicated that Ag species existed in the form of Ag0, which greatly facilitated the visible light absorbance ability.

Significantly improved charge collection and interface injection in 3D BiVO based multilayered core-shell nanowire photocatalysts.

It is challenging to design a photocatalyst with high-efficiency light absorption, charge separation and even high-efficiency charge transfer. Here, we report a demonstration by utilizing a three-dimensional multilayered core-shell nanowire array (rGO-ITO@BiVO) as the composite photocatalyst. The core-shell structure can shorten the length of charge transfer and enhance light absorption through multireflection.

Synthesis of silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite and its enhanced visible light photocatalytic mechanism and degradation pathways of tetrabromobisphenol A.

In the present study, silver phosphate/graphene oxide (AgPO/GO) composite was synthesized by ultrasound-precipitation processes. Afterwards, physicochemical properties of the resulting samples were studied through scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, N adsorption/desorption, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface photovoltage spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical measurements. Results indicated that spherical AgPO displayed an average diameter of 150 nm and body-centered cubic crystal phase, which was integrated with GO.

Changes in the Interstitial Cells of Cajal and Immunity in Chronic Psychological Stress Rats and Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture at the Zusanli Point (ST36).

Now, chronic psychological stress (CPS) related diseases are increasing. Many CPS patients have gastrointestinal complaints, immune suppression, and immune imbalance. Increasing evidence is indicating that acupuncture (AP) at the Zusanli point (ST36) can alleviate functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), immune suppression, and immune imbalance.

Interventional effects of da-cheng-qi decoction on enteric nerve system in a rat model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

In this study, we investigate the morphologic changes of enteric nerve system (ENS) and the expression of neurotransmitters, acetylcholine (ACh), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), in small bowel of rats undergoing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Undergoing MODS, fluorescence integral optical density (IOD) value of enteric nerve fibers were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the network structure of ENS was destroyed.

[Apoptosis of interstitial cells of Cajal in deep muscular layer of small intestine in rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome].

Objective: To observe the apoptosis of interstitial cells of Cajal in deep muscular layer (ICC-DMP) of small intestine in rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) as a result of bacterial peritonitis, and the expression of c-kit (an ICC phenotype marker) and Bax/Bcl-2, in order to investigate the mechanism of gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in MODS.

Methods: According to the random number table, 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n=20) and MODS group (n=20). The MODS model in rats was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of 8×10(8) cfu/mL Escherichia coli suspension 1 mL, and the control group was given the same amount of normal saline.

Effects of Dachengqi Decoction () on morphological changes in enteric nerve system of rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Objective: To observe the morphological changes in enteric nerve system (ENS) of rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) treated by Dachengqi Decoction (, DCQD).

Methods: Fifty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the control group, MODS model group and DCQD treated group. The rats in MODS model group and DCQD treated group were injected Escherichia coli (E.

[Mitigation of the damage of intestinal smooth muscle of rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome by Dachengqi decoction through mitochondrial pathway].

Objective: To discuss the mechanism of promotion of gastrointestinal motility during multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) by Dachengqi decoction, by examining the expression of Bcl-2, Bax of mitochondrial pathway, and nuclear factor-ΚB (NF-ΚB) in smooth muscle of the small intestinal in rats.

Methods: According to the random number table, 100 healthy adult Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group with 20 rats, model group with 40 rats, and Dachengqi decoction group with 40 rats. Rat model of MODS was reproduced by bacterial peritonitis induced by an injection of 1 mL Escherichia coli suspension (8×10(8) cfu/mL) into peritoneal cavity.

Improved photoactivity of TiO2-Fe2O3 nanocomposites for visible-light water splitting after phosphate bridging and its mechanism.

In this work, we have successfully constructed phosphate bridges in a TiO2-Fe2O3 nanocomposite using wet-chemical processes. Based on FTIR, XPS and TEM measurements it is confirmed that phosphate groups form bridges that effectively connect TiO2 and α-Fe2O3. From steady-state surface photovoltage spectra (SS-SPS) and transient-state surface photovoltage (TS-SPV) measurements in N2, it is clearly demonstrated that the separation and lifetime of the photogenerated charge carriers in the TiO2-Fe2O3 nanocomposite are greatly enhanced by the introduction of the phosphate bridges.

The promotion effect of surface negative electrostatic field on the photogenerated charge separation of BiVO4 and its contribution to the enhanced PEC water oxidation.

The increased surface-carried negative charge of BiVO4 after phosphate modification prolongs the photogenerated charge carrier lifetime and improves the separation by inducing the holes to transfer to the surface, leading to the obvious enhancement of visible light activities for PEC water oxidation.

Effect of da-cheng-qi decoction on the repair of the injured enteric nerve-interstitial cells of cajal-smooth muscle cells network in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) group, and Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) group. The network of enteric nerves-interstitial cells of Cajal- (ICC-) smooth muscle cells (SMC) in small intestine was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the numbers of cholinergic/nitriergic nerves, and the deep muscular plexus of ICC (ICC-DMP) and connexin43 (Cx43) in small intestine with MODS were significantly decreased.

Effective visible-excited charge separation in silicate-bridged ZnO/BiVO4 nanocomposite and its contribution to enhanced photocatalytic activity.

It is highly desired to enhance the visible-excited charge separation of nanosized BiVO4 for utilization in photocatalysis. Here ZnO/BiVO4 nanocomposites in different molar-ratios are fabricated by simple wet-chemical processes, after synthesis of nanosized BiVO4 and ZnO by hydrothermal methods. It is shown by means of atmosphere-controlled steady-state surface photovoltage spectra and transient-state surface photovoltage responses that the photogenerated charges of resulting nanocomposite shows longer lifetime and higher separation than that of BiVO4 alone.

Effective charge separation in the rutile TiO2 nanorod-coupled α-Fe2O3 with exceptionally high visible activities.

Herein, we have fabricated rutile TiO2 nanorod-coupled α-Fe2O3 by a wet-chemical process. It is demonstrated that the visible activities for photoelectrochemical water oxidation and for degrading pollutant of α-Fe2O3 are greatly enhanced after coupling a proper amount of rutile nanorods. The enhanced activity is attributed to the prolonged lifetime and improved separation of photogenerated charges mainly by the transient surface photovoltage responses.

[Intervention effect of Dachengqi Granule on apoptosis of small intestine smooth muscle cells in rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome].

Objective: To observe the intervention of Dachengqi Granule (DG) on the apoptosis of small intestine smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and its mechanisms.

Methods: Healthy 100 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group (n =20), the MODS model group (n =40), and the DG group (n =40).E.

Synthesis of efficient N-containing TiO2 photocatalysts with high anatase thermal stability and the effects of the nitrogen residue on the photoinduced charge separation.

Efficient N-containing TiO(2) nanoparticles with high anatase thermal stability were synthesized via a hexamethylenetetramine (HMT)-modified sol-hydrothermal process. The results showed that modification with proper amounts of HMT is effective in increasing the onset temperature of the phase transformation of TiO(2) from anatase to rutile. The enhancement of the anatase thermal stability of the modified TiO(2) was attributed to ammonia produced slowly by hydrolysis of the HMT molecules in the sol-hydrothermal process and, additionally, to the residual nitrogen species after the thermal treatment at high temperatures, as indicated by the XPS examination.

Synthesis of nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 by one-pot two-phase separated hydrolysis-solvothermal processes and its high activity for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B.

Si-doped and un-doped nanocrystalline TiO(2) samples have been synthesized by simple one-pot water-organic two-phase separated hydrolysis-solvothermal (HST) processes, and characterized by XRD, BET, TEM, FT-IR, DRS and surface photovoltage techniques. The effects of the solvothermal temperature and Si doping on the anatase thermal stability, and on the photocatalytic activity for degrading rhodamine B were investigated in detail. The results show that, as the solvothermal temperature rises, the crystallinity and thermal stability of the resulting nano-sized anatase TiO(2) gradually increase.