PhPO-Modulated Kdo Glycosidation for Stereoselective Synthesis of β-Kdo-Containing Disaccharides.

A PhPO-modulated β-selective Kdo glycosidation approach is developed for the stereoselective synthesis of β-Kdo glycosides. With the readily available per--acetylated Kdo ynenoate as the donor, the glycosylation with a series of alcohols in the presence of PhPAuOTf and PhPO in toluene at low temperatures afforded the desired Kdo glycosides with good to excellent β-selectivities. Furthermore, the PhPO-modulated approach was effectively applied to the synthesis of β-(2→4)- and β-(2→8)-linked Kdo-Kdo disaccharides for further biological studies.

Discovery of a glyphosate oxidase in nature.

Glyphosate is the most used herbicide on Earth. After a half-century of use we know only two biodegradative pathways, each of which appears to degrade glyphosate incidentally. One pathway begins with oxidation of glyphosate catalysed by glycine oxidase (GO).

Constructing a Transient Ischemia Attack Model Utilizing Flexible Spatial Targeting Photothrombosis with Real-Time Blood Flow Imaging Feedback.

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is an early warning sign of stroke and death, necessitating suitable animal models due to the associated clinical diagnostic challenges. In this study, we developed a TIA model using flexible spatially targeted photothrombosis combined with real-time blood flow imaging feedback. By modulating the excitation light using wavefront technology, we precisely created a square light spot (50 × 250 µm), targeted at the distal middle cerebral artery (dMCA).

Higher serum carotenoid concentrations were associated with the lower risk of cancer-related death: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The study focuses on the association between serum carotenoids and cancer-related death. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2006 and 2017-2018), the study encompasses 10,277 participants older than age 20 years, with recorded baseline characteristics and serum carotenoid concentrations (including α-carotene, trans-β-carotene, cis-β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, trans-lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin). We hypothesized that serum carotenoid concentrations were negatively associated with cancer-related death.

A prognostic nomogram based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression in patients with pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. Despite its rarity, it is important to gain a better understanding of the epidemiological, clinical, and prognostic features of pulmonary LCNEC. The purpose of this study was to design, construct, and validate a new nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with pulmonary LCNEC.

Dual-exposure temporal laser speckle imaging for simultaneously accessing microvascular blood perfusion and angiography.

Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) has gained significant attention in the biomedical field for its ability to map the spatio-temporal dynamics of blood perfusion in vivo. However, LSCI faces difficulties in accurately resolving blood perfusion in microvessels. Although the transmissive detecting geometry can improve the spatial resolution of tissue imaging, ballistic photons directly transmitting forward through tissue without scattering will cause misestimating in the flow speed by LSCI because of the lack of a quantitative theoretical model of transmissvie LSCI.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of lung cancer screening and associated factors among high-risk population in Lanzhou, China: A cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of high-risk populations toward lung cancer screening in Lanzhou, China. Using convenience sampling, this cross-sectional study enrolled outpatients at high-risk for lung cancer at Lanzhou University Second Hospital between November 2022 and March 2023. An anonymous, self-administered online questionnaire was distributed to each participant via the Sojump website (https://www.

Integration of bulk RNA sequencing to reveal protein arginine methylation regulators have a good prognostic value in immunotherapy to treat lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Given the differential expression and biological functions of protein arginine methylation (PAM) regulators in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), it may be of great value in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of LUAD. However, the expression and function of PAM regulators in LUAD and its relationship with prognosis are unclear.

Methods: 8 datasets including 1798 LUAD patients were selected.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing to investigate infectious keratitis by : a case report.

In this report, the case of a 65-year-old immunosuppressed female who presented with recurring redness and irritation in her right eye for 2 months is described. Ocular examination revealed conjunctival congestion, feather-like greyish-white corneal deep stromal infiltrate, white, floccular material sprawling from the anterior chamber angle and hypopyon. The confocal microscopy (IVCM) instantly confirmed fungal keratitis, and empirical antifungal therapy was thus administered.

Study on a performance matching method of wind rotor and generator based on energy transfer.

Wind power systems are a promising form of energy supply. At present, most of the studies focuses on the performance of individual components such as wind rotors or generators, and the overall output effect of wind power system is determined by the characteristics of wind rotor and generator and their combined characteristics. However, the evaluation of the overall output characteristics of the system is rarely considered.

"Domino" cascade reactor based on DNA hydrogel for synergistic treatment of malignant tumor.

The action pathways of starvation therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) do not exist in isolation and are usually related to tumor cell metabolism and immune regulation, which are of great significance in the treatment of malignant tumors. Here, a cancer-targeted "domino" cascade reactor is constructed for synergistic starvation therapy and amplifies photodynamic therapy by assembling hemin and glucose oxidase (GOx) into DNA hydrogel load with hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6). The cascade reactor has excellent biocompatibility and tumor targeting, which promotes PDT by reducing HIF-1α.

Drug-Induced Self-Assembly Cascade Nanoreactor for Synergistic Tumor Therapy.

The construction of completely biocompatible and biodegradable tumor suppressors by a simple and reliable method is essential for the clinical application of cancer-targeted drugs. Herein, by inserting glucose oxidase (GOx), catalase (CAT), and chlorin e6 (Ce6) into human serum albumin (HSA) assembly molecules, we constructed a cancer-targeted cascade bioreactor for synergistic starvation and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The modification of HSA could block the GOx activity and reduce the cytotoxicity of normal cells and organs.

Repurposing nitazoxanide as a novel anti-atherosclerotic drug based on mitochondrial uncoupling mechanisms.

Background And Purpose: The anthelmintic drug nitazoxanide has a mitochondrial uncoupling effect. Mitochondrial uncouplers have been proven to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation of macrophages and improve dyslipidaemia. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate that nitazoxanide would protect against atherosclerosis.

Correction to "Novel long non-coding RNA LINC02532 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ".

[This corrects the article on p. 91 in vol. 11, PMID: 30788037.

Porous geopolymer with controllable interconnected pores-a viable permeable reactive barrier filler for lead pollutant removal.

Most of the commonly used traditional permeable reactive barrier (PRB) fillers have many drawbacks, such as poor retention of hydraulic conductivity, high cost, and a complex preparation process. Porous geopolymers (PGPs) with controllable pore structures could circumvent these drawbacks owing to their high adsorption capacity, cost-effective synthesis, and good chemical stability. In this study, based on our previous research, the "foaming-liquid film" balance control method was proposed and used to fabricate three PGPs with gradient pore connectivity.

Apoptosis-Related Gene-Mediated Cell Death Pattern Induces Immunosuppression and Immunotherapy Resistance in Gastric Cancer.

Apoptosis is a type of cell death, which can produce abundant mediators to modify the tumor microenvironment. However, relationships between apoptosis, immunosuppression, and immunotherapy resistance of gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Gene expression data and matching clinical information were extracted from TCGA-STAD, GSE84437, GSE34942, GSE15459, GSE57303, ACRG/GSE62254, GSE29272, GSE26253, and IMvigor210 datasets.

A novel 8-genome instability-associated lncRNAs signature predicting prognosis and drug sensitivity in gastric cancer.

Background: Genome instability lncRNA (GILnc) is prevalently related with gastric cancer (GC) pathophysiology. However, the study on the relationship GILnc and prognosis and drug sensitivity of GC remains scarce.

Method: We extracted expression data of 375 GC patients from TCGA cohort and 205 GC patients from GSE26942 cohort.

Anthelmintics nitazoxanide protects against experimental hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis in hamsters and mice.

Lipid metabolism disorders contribute to hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis. It is ideal to develop drugs simultaneous improving both hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis. Nitazoxanide is an FDA-approved oral antiprotozoal drug with excellent pharmacokinetic and safety profile.

Temporal trends of heavy metals in the sediments of Bohai Bay in China.

The status and trend of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in the sediment of Bohai Bay from 1978 to 2017 were evaluated. The results indicated that the sediment status in 2017 was good. The contents of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, and As in all the monitoring stations were lower than category I.

Anthelmintic niclosamide attenuates pressure-overload induced heart failure in mice.

The heart is a high energy demand organ and enhancing mitochondrial function is proposed as the next-generation therapeutics for heart failure. Our previous study found that anthelmintic drug niclosamide enhanced mitochondrial respiration and increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in cardiomyocytes, therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of niclosamide on heart failure in mice and the potential molecular mechanisms. The heart failure model was induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice.

Improvement of long-term risks of cardiovascular events associated with community-based disease management in Chinese patients of the Xinjiang autonomous region of China.

Background: A recent community-based disease management (CBDM) pilot study reported a 20.5% prevalence of hypertension and a 0.5 and 3.

CHIR-99021 regulates mitochondrial remodelling via β-catenin signalling and miRNA expression during endodermal differentiation.

Mitochondrial remodelling is a central feature of stem cell differentiation. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms during these processes. Previously, we found that a pharmacological inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3α and -3β, CHIR-99021, initiates human adipose stem cell differentiation into human definitive endodermal progenitor cells (hEPCs), which were directed to differentiate synchronously into hepatocyte-like cells after further treatment with combinations of soluble factors.

Conformation Search Across Multiple-Level Potential-Energy Surfaces (CSAMP): A Strategy for Accurate Prediction of Protein-Ligand Binding Structures.

Accurate protein binding structure determination presents a great challenge to both experiment and theory. Here, in this work, we propose a new DOX protocol which combines the ensemble molecular Docking as the coarse-level, structure Optimization with the semiempirical quantum mechanics methods as the medium level, and the eXtended ONIOM ( XO) calculations as the fine level. The fundamental of the DOX protocol relies on the Conformation Search Across Multiple-level Potential-energy surfaces (CSAMP) strategy, where the conformation spaces of a funnel-like structure are searched from the coarse level with hundreds of candidates to the medium level with around 10 top candidates to the fine level with the final top 1 or 2 binding modes.

MiR-1236-3p serves as a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer.

Background: The microRNA plays an important role in tumor progression. MiR-1236-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in various malignancies.

Objective: The aim of present study was to explore the expression of miR-1236-3p in gastric cancer (GC) and its correlation with clinicopathological features, and evaluate the feasibility of using it as a prognostic biomarker in GC.