Associations between NIHSS sub-item scores and prognosis and intracranial hemorrhage after endovascular therapy for acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Purpose: The relationship between sub-item scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and prognosis and intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) has been insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between NIHSS sub-item scores, prognosis, and intracranial hemorrhage.

Methods: This study included patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke undergoing EVT between February 2019 and April 2022.

Peripheral blood amyloid-β involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease via impacting on peripheral innate immune cells.

A key pathological factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of age-related dementia in the world, is excessive β-amyloid protein (Aβ) in extracellular aggregation in the brain. And in the peripheral blood, a large amount of Aβ is derived from platelets. So far, the causality between the levels of peripheral blood Aβ and its aggregation in the brain, particularly the role of the peripheral blood Aβ in the pathology of AD, is still unclear.

Rescue Strategy for Hemorrhagic Complication During Mechanical Thrombectomy and the Clinical Outcome.

Purpose: Hemorrhagic complications occasionally occur during mechanical thrombectomy and may lead to catastrophic outcomes. Therefore, remedial strategies require careful investigation. Herein, we aimed to evaluate a cohort of patients who experienced hemorrhage during endovascular procedures, the rescue methods used, and outcomes observed.

Comprehensive classifications for the endovascular recanalization of vertebral artery stump syndrome.

Background: and purpose: To share our single-center vertebral artery stump syndrome (VASS) treatment experience and assess the role of comprehensive classification based on anatomic development, proximal conditions, and distal conditions (PAD).

Materials And Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) at the Stroke Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University between January 2016 and December 2021. Among patients with acute ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation, those with acute occlusion of the intracranial arteries and occlusion at the origin of the vertebral artery confirmed by digital subtraction angiography were selected.

Discrepancy in clinical and laboratory profiles of NMOSD patients between AQP4 antibody positive and negative: can NMOSD be diagnosed without AQP4 antibody?

AQP4-IgG has been considered as the pathogenic factor leading to NMOSD. However, about 20-30% of patients lack AQP4-IgG. So far, all therapeutic medicines are ineffective for NMOSD patients without AQP4 IgG.

Progress in treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD): Novel insights into therapeutic possibilities in NMOSD.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), which is a severely disabling disorder leading to devastating sequelae or even death. Repeated acute attacks and the presence of aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) antibody are the typical characteristics of NMOSD. Recently, the phase III trials of the newly developed biologicals therapies have shown their effectiveness and good tolerance to a certain extent when compared with the traditional therapy with the first- and second-line drugs.

Basilar artery on computed tomography angiography score and clinical outcomes in acute basilar artery occlusion.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) based on the baseline Basilar Artery on Computed Tomography Angiography (BATMAN) score.

Methods: We selected patients from the BASILAR study and analyzed the effects and safety of standard medical therapy (SMT) and MT for patients with documented BATMAN scores. The patients were subgrouped according to their BATMAN score (0-3, 4-6, and 7-10).

A Case Series and Literature Review of Vertebral Artery Stump Syndrome.

Purpose: Stump syndrome refers to cerebral ischaemic symptoms caused by an embolus from a previously occluded ipsilateral artery that occludes a down-stream artery. It can be divided into two types: carotid stump syndrome and vertebral artery stump syndrome (VASS). At present, there is limited clinical experience with VASS.

Successful treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis by balloon venoplasty: a case report.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a special cerebrovascular disease affecting young adult and middle-aged people. The clinical manifestations of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis are diverse and nonspecific; thus, imaging plays an important role in early diagnosis. Anticoagulation with heparin is the preferred treatment for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Progressive Stroke Caused by Neurosyphilis With Concentric Enhancement in the Internal Cerebral Artery on High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Case Report.

Neurosyphilis can initially present as a stroke. However, the general management strategy for stroke may not be effective for this condition. Intracranial vessel wall imaging indicating arteritis can help differentiate neurosyphilis from other causes of stroke.

Comparisons of clinical phenotype, radiological and laboratory features, and therapy of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder by regions: update and challenges.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) associated with autoantibody (ab) to aquaporin-4 (AQP4). There is obvious variation between regions and countries in the epidemiology, clinical features and management in NMOSD. Based on published population-based observation and cohort studies, the different clinical pattern of NMOSD has been seen in several geographical regions and some of these patients with NMOSD-like features do not fully meet the current diagnostic criteria, which is needed to consider the value of recently revised diagnostic criteria.

Can Control Infections Slow Down the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease? Talking About the Role of Infections in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease as the most common age-related dementia affects more than 40 million people in the world, representing a global public health priority. However, the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is complex, and it remains unclear. Over the past decades, all efforts made in the treatments of AD, with targeting the pathogenic amyloid β (Aβ), neurofibrillary tangles, and misfolded tau protein, were failed.

Which glucose parameter best predicts poor outcome after mechanical thrombectomy for acute large vessel occlusion stroke?

Background: Hyperglycaemia is related to adverse outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

Aims: To compare the predictive ability of admission blood glucose (ABG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with acute large vessel occlusion (ALVO) stroke undergoing MT.

Methods: The study retrospectively analysed the data of 329 consecutive acute stroke patients treated with MT.

Stenting for Symptomatic Intracranial Vertebrobasilar Artery Stenosis in Northeast of China: A Single-Center Study.

We described the incidence of surgery-related complications to evaluate the safety of endovascular therapy for severe symptomatic intracranial vertebral basilar artery stenosis (IVBS) in our stroke center in Northeast of China. Consecutive patients with symptomatic IVBS caused by 70-99% stenosis despite standard medical treatment of antiplatelet agents plus statin were enrolled. Either balloon-mounted stent or balloon predilation plus self-expanding stent was performed.

Role of Adaptive Immune and Impacts of Risk Factors on Adaptive Immune in Alzheimer's Disease: Are Immunotherapies Effective or Off-Target?

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is complex. Still it remains unclear, which resulted in all efforts for AD treatments with targeting the pathogenic factors unsuccessful over past decades. It has been evidenced that the innate immune is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of AD.

Cervical artery dissection-an easily neglected cause of stroke: a case report.

Background: In recent years, the incidence of stroke has gradually increased in young people. There are many reasons causing stroke, including atherosclerosis, artery embolization, and cervical artery dissection and so on. However, cervical artery dissection is a major cause of stroke in young people.

The Therapeutic Effects of Endovascular Therapy with mTICI2b and 3 Recanalization for Acute Anterior Circulation Stroke Patients.

Background And Purpose: Modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI)2b/3 has been considered the criterion for successful reperfusion in endovascular treatment. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic safety and efficacy of mTICI2b and mTICI3 recanalization, and to analyze the factors related to outcomes in everyday clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: This is a single-center retrospective analysis of 224 patients who underwent successful thrombectomy (achieving a mTICI score ≥2b).

Venous sinus stenting improves cerebral autoregulation in a patient with venous sinus stenosis: a case report.

Background: Venous sinus stenosis (VSS) is a type of cerebral venous vascular disease. Cerebral autoregulation is an indicator of cerebral arterial function. The cerebral circulatory system is composed of the venous system and arterial system.

Different EPHX1 methylation levels in promoter area between carbamazepine-resistant epilepsy group and carbamazepine-sensitive epilepsy group in Chinese population.

Background: Epigenetics underlying refractory epilepsy is poorly understood. DNA methylation may affect gene expression in epilepsy patients without affecting DNA sequences. Herein, we investigated the association between Carbamazepine-resistant (CBZ-resistant) epilepsy and EPHX1 methylation in a northern Han Chinese population, and conducted an analysis of clinical risk factors for CBZ-resistant epilepsy.

The Detection of the Negative Effects of Interictal Epileptiform Discharges on Cognition: An Event-Related Potential Study.

Evidence from a neuropsychological test revealed that interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) may have significant impact on cognitive performance. Sometimes, neuropsychological tests may not be sensitive to detection of mild cognitive changes. We applied P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) to detect mild cognitive changes caused by small amount of IEDs.

Gut Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Current Applications and Future Perspectives.

The gut environment and gut microbiome dysbiosis have been demonstrated to significantly influence a range of disorders in humans, including obesity, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The etiology of MS is not clear, and it should involve both genetic and extrinsic factors.

Occipital epilepsy versus progressive myoclonic epilepsy in a patient with continuous occipital spikes and photosensitivity in electroencephalogram: A case report.

Introduction: Progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) is rare epilepsy syndrome. Although EEG is a useful neurophysiological technique in the evaluation of epilepsy, few EEG abnormalities have been described in PME. So, how to use EEG hints to establish the suspected diagnosis of PME as soon as possible should be addressed.