Cyclobutane-Containing Meroditerpenoids, (+)-Isoscopariusins B and C: Structure Elucidation and Biomimetic Synthesis.

(+)-Isoscopariusins B () and C (), two meroditerpenoids containing a 6/6/4 tricyclic carbon skeleton and seven continuous stereocenters, were identified from . The structures were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and concise biomimetic syntheses from readily available alkene in seven and six steps, respectively. An intermolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition with cooperative catalysis of a Lewis acid and an Ir photocatalyst was used to construct a cyclobutane core with four stereogenic centers.

Repellent, larvicidal and adulticidal activities of essential oil from Dai medicinal plant against .

is an important plant used in traditional medicine and as a natural mosquito repellent. However, the compounds responsible for the repellent activity of the plant are still unknown. The aim of the study is to identify the components of essential oil that show repellent activity against .

The best choices: the diversity and functions of the plants in the home gardens of the Tsang-la (Motuo Menba) communities in Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon, Southwest China.

Background: Home garden is identified as a kind of small-scale land-use system which is used to manage and cultivate useful plants by local people, and home gardens can provide various plant products and services. Investigating home gardens was regarded as an effective way to understand the biodiversity-related local knowledge and culture of native people in Ethnobiology and Ethnoecology. Home garden is important in less developed and remote areas.

New Sweet-Tasting C21 Pregnane Glycosides from the Roots of Myriopteron extensum.

To investigate the sweet-tasting components in the roots of Myriopteron extensum, the phytochemical study of its roots was conducted, which led to the discovery of 12 new C21 pregnane glycosides (extensumside M-X, 1-12) and two known ones (extensumside C and extensumside E, 13-14). Their chemical structure elucidation was accomplished by means of spectroscopic methods: IR, UV, ESI-MS, and NMR (H NMR, C NMR, HSQC, H-H COSY, HMBC, HSQC-TOCSY, and ROESY), as well as the chemical evidence. Sensory analysis of these compounds revealed that nine of them (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, and 14) are highly sweet-tasting compounds.

Separation of oxidized variants of a monoclonal antibody by anion-exchange.

Monoclonal antibodies are subject to a variety of degradation mechanisms, therefore orthogonal techniques are required to demonstrate product quality. In this study, the three individual antibodies comprising a multi-antibody drug product, XOMA 3AB were evaluated by both cation-exchange (CEX) and anion-exchange chromatography (AEX). In contrast to CEX analysis which showed only a single, broad peak for the force-oxidized antibodies, AEX analysis of Ab-A (pI=7.

[Arrhythmia after a positive head-up tilt table test].

Objective: to study the characteristics of arrhythmia after a positive head-up tilt table test (HUTT).

Methods: head-up tilt table test (BHUT) or sublingual nitroglycerin-provocation head-up tilt table test (SNHUT) were performed in 1374 patients at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from March of 2001 to August of 2009. Arrhythmias were recorded in 169 patients after a positive HUTT [57 male, age 6 - 65 years, 86 children < 18 years, mean age (23.

[Clinical analysis of vasovagal syncope in children].

Objective: To study the changes in clinical features of vasovagal syncope (VVS) in children.

Methods: From January 2000 to September 2009, 841 children with unexplained syncope or prodromata were enrolled. They were assigned to two groups according to the period of visiting hospital: group A (from January 2000 to December 2004, n=129) and group B (from January 2005 to September 2009, n=712).

[Efficacy of midodrine hydrochloride in the treatment of children with vasovagal syncope].

Objective: To explore the efficacy of midodrine hydrochloride in the treatment of vasovagal syncope (VVS) in children.

Methods: Forty-eight children with unexplained syncope and prodromata (21 males, 27 females, aged 6 -17 years, mean 11 years +/- 3 years) were randomly assigned into 3 groups. They were health education group, cresol group and midodrine hydrochloride group respectively.

[Clinical characteristics in adults and children with vasovagal syncope].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics in adults and children with vasovagal syncope (VVS).

Methods: Clinical data including head-up tilt table (HUTT) results were analyzed and compared in 136 children (mean age 12.3 +/- 2.