FimH as a mucosal adjuvant enhances persistent antibody response and protective efficacy of the anti-caries vaccine.

Objective: To investigate whether the recombinant FimH-S.T protein could modulate immune response to anti-caries vaccine in vitro and in vivo.

Design: Recombinant FimH protein derived from Salmonella was constructed and purified.

Self-assembling anticaries mucosal vaccine containing ferritin cage nanostructure and glucan-binding region of S. mutans glucosyltransferase effectively prevents caries formation in rodents.

Anticaries protein vaccines that induce a mucosal immune response are not effective. Therefore, development of effective and convenient anticaries vaccines is a priority of dental research. Here we generated self-assembling nanoparticles by linking the glucan-binding region of Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferase (GLU) to the N-terminal domain of ferritin to determine whether these novel nanoparticles enhanced the immunogenicity of an anticaries protein vaccine against GLU in rodents.

Inhibitory effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D on Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammation and bone resorption in vivo.

Objective: To investigate whether intragastric administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D) could inhibit the bone resorption and inflammation in a mouse calvarial model infected by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis).

Design: Live P.

Effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D on Macrophage Cytokine Secretion Stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Vitamin D is known to be closely associated with periodontitis; however, its exact mechanisms remain to be clarified. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D) on Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg)-stimulated cytokine production and the involved signaling pathways in macrophages. The main observation was that 1,25(OH)D inhibited Pg-induced interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine expression but up-regulated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.

Frequency of remnants of sealants left behind in pits and fissures of occlusal surfaces after 2 and 3 years.

Objectives: The null-hypothesis tested was that there was no difference in the frequency of remnants of high-viscosity glass-ionomer sealants left behind in pits and fissures of occlusal surfaces of first permanent molars and that of resin composite and glass-carbomer sealants.

Materials And Methods: Based on the results of a sealant trial, a sample of sealed teeth from which the material had apparently completely disappeared from at least one of the three sections into which the occlusal surface was divided, assessed through visible clinical examination, was also assessed from images of colour photographs and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) as the reference image. The sample size consisted of 112 and 120 teeth from 59 and 98 children at evaluation years 2 and 3 respectively.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a case-control study in Wuhan, China.

High risk forms of the human papilloma virus (HPV) are generally accepted as necessary causative agents for cervical cancer. Recently, a possible relation between HPV and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has also been noticed. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in OSCCs in Wuhan city.

Intranasal co-delivery of IL-6 gene enhances the immunogenicity of anti-caries DNA vaccine.

Aim: To investigate the effects of co-delivering IL-6 expressing plasmid pCI-IL-6 on the immunogenicity of the anti-caries DNA vaccine pCIA-P, which encodes the surface protein antigen PAc of Streptococcus mutans.

Methods: Plasmid pCI-IL-6 was constructed by inserting the murine IL-6 gene into the pCI vector. Expression of IL-6 in vitro was assessed using Western blot analysis.

Comparison between visual clinical examination and the replica method for assessments of sealant retention over a 2-year period.

To compare the levels of agreement and the survival rates of sealant retention for different sealing materials over a 2-year period assessed using the visual clinical examination and replica methods, sealant retention data were obtained by visual clinical examination and from replicas of the same sealed tooth at baseline and at 0.5-, 1- and 2-year evaluation points in 407 children and were compared for agreement using kappa coefficients. Survival curves of retained sealants on occlusal surfaces were created using modified categorisation (fully retained sealants and those having all pits and fissures partly covered with the sealant material versus completely lost sealants that included pit and fissure systems that had ≥1 pit re-exposed) according to the Kaplan-Meier method.

Do light cured ART conventional high-viscosity glass-ionomer sealants perform better than resin-composite sealants: a 4-year randomized clinical trial.

Objective: The hypotheses tested were: the cumulative survival rates of dentin caries lesion-free pits and fissures of ART conventional high-viscosity glass-ionomer sealants with light-curing (high-intensity LED) and glass-carbomer sealants are higher than those of conventional ART sealants and resin-composite sealants after 4 years.

Methods: The randomized controlled clinical trial covered 405 children (mean age 8-years). Three dentists placed sealants in pits and fissures of high caries-risk children.

Push-out bond strength of self-adhesive methacrylate resin-based sealers to root dentin.

This study examined the adhesive strength of two self-adhesive methacrylate resin-based sealers (MetaSEAL and RealSeal SE) to root dentin and compared them with RealSeal and AH Plus in properties. A total of 48 extracted human single-rooted teeth were used to prepare the 0.9-mm thick longitudinal tooth slice (each per tooth).

Association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of human papillomavirus-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.

This study aimed to investigate the association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by conducting meta-analysis. The PubMed database was searched for relevant studies until May 30, 2013. Relevant studies were selected and data were extracted by two independent authors.

Co-delivery of ccl19 gene enhances anti-caries DNA vaccine pCIA-P immunogenicity in mice by increasing dendritic cell migration to secondary lymphoid tissues.

Aim: To investigate how co-delivery of the gene encoding C-C chemokine ligand-19 (CCL-19) affected the systemic immune responses to an anti-caries DNA vaccine pCIA-P in mice.

Methods: Plasmid encoding CCL19-GFP fusion protein (pCCL19/GFP) was constructed by inserting murine ccl19 gene into GFP-expressing vector pAcGFP1-N1. Chemotactic effect of the fusion protein on murine dendritic cells (DCs) was assessed in vitro and in vivo using transwell and flow cytometric analysis, respectively.

Anti-caries DNA vaccine-induced secretory immunoglobulin A antibodies inhibit formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilms in vitro.

Aim: To investigate the effects of anti-caries DNA vaccine-induced salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) antibodies on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) adherence and biofilms formation in vitro.

Methods: Adult female Wistar rats were intranasally immunized with the anti-caries DNA vaccine pGJA-P/VAX.

[Study on the fermentation conditions of recombinant Streptococcus mutans surface protein].

Purpose: To develop the best fermentation process on pET20b(+)-AP/BL21(DE3)plysS expressing recombinant Streptococcus mutans surface protein(rPAc).

Methods: The strains were activated and then cultured in orbital shakers. Pilot test of flask shaking culture was done to get optimized culture conditions, including pH value for culture, type of culture medium, range of culture volume and type of feeding medium.

[Effects of interleukin-1β on mineralization potential of dental pulp stem cells].

Objective: To investigate the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on mineralization potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC).

Methods: Rat DPSC were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into three groups, IL-1β (10 µg/L), osteogenic inductive medium and non-osteogenic inductive medium. After 3, 7, and 12 days of treatment, the cultures were evaluated for cell proliferation and calcium deposit.

The effect of antigen size on the immunogenicity of antigen presenting cell targeted DNA vaccine.

Directing antigens to antigen presenting cells (APCs) has been demonstrated to be an efficient strategy to enhance immune responses induced by DNA vaccination. Fusion of antigens to cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), a ligand of B7 molecules on the surfaces of APCs with strong binding affinity, enhanced the immunogenicities of antigens in various degrees. To investigate the relationship between antigen size and the immunogenicity of CTLA4 fusion DNA vaccine, we constructed CTLA4 targeted fusion anti-caries DNA vaccines containing different size of antigens.

[Long-term results of dual anti-collagen membrane in guided tissue regeneration].

Objective: To evaluate the long-term clinical effect of dual anti-collagen membranes in guided tissue regeneration (GTR).

Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 26 teeth in 24 patients, presenting a total of 31 lesions consisting of intrabony defects and furcation defects. Twenty-six teeth were divided into two groups and treated by GTR with dual anti-collagen membranes and atelocollagen membranes, respectively.

Human papillomavirus as an independent predictor in oral squamous cell cancer.

Aim: There is an increasing evidence for the role of high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relevance of HPV infection to the survival and prognosis of OSCC.

Methodology: Fifty-two patients with OSCC were followed from 4 to 88 months with a median of 50.

Immunogenic characterization and protection against Streptococcus mutans infection induced by intranasal DNA prime-protein boost immunization.

Mucosal immune responses act as the first line of defense against dental caries. In this study, an optimal vaccination strategy was developed to enhance anti-caries mucosal immune responses. Mice and rats were vaccinated intranasally firstly with plasmid pCIA-P encoding PAc antigen of Streptococcus mutans and then with rPAc, or with pCIA-P for twice, or with rPAc protein for twice, respectively.

Optimal use of silver nitrate and marginal leakage at the sealant-enamel interface using micro-CT.

Purpose: To investigate the optimal silver nitrate concentration and tooth immersion period for assessing marginal leakage at the sealant-enamel interface, using micro-CT.

Methods: Two experiments were conducted, using eight teeth sealed with a resin composite without etching, in dried but not desiccated, pits and fissures. Five teeth were immersed in 50% silver nitrate for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours and scanned, using micro-CT, and two evaluators using a newly developed index assessed marginal leakage at the sealant-enamel interface (Experiment A).

[Protective efficacy of a new fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine encoding antigens of both Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus].

Objective: To construct a new fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine pGJGAC/VAX encoding antigens of both S. mutans and S. sobrinus so as to enhance the protective effect of DNA vaccine against S.

Good Manufacturing Practices production and analysis of a DNA vaccine against dental caries.

Aim: To prepare a clinical-grade anti-caries DNA vaccine pGJA-P/VAX and explore its immune effect and protective efficacy against a cariogenic bacterial challenge.

Methods: A large-scale industrial production process was developed under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) by combining and optimizing common unit operations such as alkaline lysis, precipitation, endotoxin removal and column chromatography. Quality controls of the purified bulk and final lyophilized vaccine were conducted according to authoritative guidelines.

The adverse effect of self-etching adhesive systems on dental pulp after direct pulp capping.

Objectives: To evaluate the histopathological changes in mechanically exposed dog pulps capped with three self-etching adhesive systems.

Material And Methods: Seventy-two Class V cavities were prepared under rubber dam isolation in dogs. The pulps were exposed and capped with Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), Imperva FluoroBond (Shofu), Prompt L-Pop (3M ESPE), and Dycal (Dentsply; control capping agent), respectively.