Melatonin inhibits atrazine-induced mitochondrial impairment in cerebellum of mice: Modulation of cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis-dependent cell pyroptosis.

The global prevalence of Neurological disorders has increased alarmingly in response to environmental and lifestyle changes. Atrazine (ATZ) is a difficult to degrade soil and water pollutant with well-known neurotoxicity. Melatonin (MT), an antioxidant with chemoprotective properties, has a potential therapeutic effect on cerebellar damage caused by ATZ exposure.

Short-term and mid-term effects of radiofrequency ablation in mitral valve surgery in patients with different left atrial sizes.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of atrial fibrillation radiofrequency ablation (AFRA) in patients with chronic valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) with different left atrial sizes [left atrial diameter (LAD) >45 or ≤45 mm].

Methods: Between May 2016 and January 2019, 264 patients who underwent cardiac operations with modified bipolar AFRA in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, were enrolled. The clinical data of the patients were analysed, and inclusion and exclusion criteria were implemented.

Repeated sleep restriction in adolescent rats altered sleep patterns and impaired spatial learning/memory ability.

Study Objectives: To investigate possible differences in the effect of repeated sleep restriction (RSR) during adolescence and adulthood on sleep homeostasis and spatial learning and memory ability.

Design: The authors examined electroencephalograms of rats as they were subjected to 4-h daily sleep deprivation that continued for 7 consecutive days and assessed the spatial learning and memory by Morris water maze test (WMT).

Participants: Adolescent and adult rats.

[Effects of triptolide-medicated serum on secretion function of adrenocortical cells isolated from rats].

Objective: To study the effects of triptolide-medicated serum on secretory function of adrenocortical cells isolated from rats.

Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, prednisone group, and low-, medium- and high-dose triptolide groups. Rats were administered with normal saline, prednisone and low-, medium- and high-dose triptolide respectively by gastrogavage to prepare sera containing drugs.

Erythropoietin inhibits gamma-irradiation-induced apoptosis by upregulation of Bcl-2 and decreasing the activation of caspase 3 in human UT-7/erythropoietin cell line.

1. Erythropoietin (EPO) can reverse radiotherapy-induced anaemia by stimulating bone marrow cells to produce erythrocytes. However, there are limited studies that address the mechanisms by which EPO exerts its beneficial effects in radiotherapy-induced anaemia.

Chromium picolinate inhibits resistin secretion in insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes via activation of amp-activated protein kinase.

1. Chromium picolinate (CrPic) has been recommended as an alternative therapeutic regimen for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the action of CrPic is poorly understood.

Effects of chromium picolinate on glucose uptake in insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes involve activation of p38 MAPK.

Chromium picolinate (CrPic) has been discovered as a supplemental or alternative medication for type 2 diabetes, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible anti-diabetic mechanisms of CrPic in insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes; the insulin resistance was induced by treatment with high glucose and insulin for 24 h. The effects of CrPic on glucose metabolism and the glucose uptake-inducing activity of CrPic were investigated.

[Antitumor activities of kushen flavonoids in vivo and in vitro].

Objective: To explore the antitumor activities of kushen (Sophora flavescens) flavonoids (KS-Fs) in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: Cell proliferation was assayed by using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method. H22 hepatocellular carcinoma and S180 sarcoma were induced in ICR mice.

Extracellular histamine level in the frontal cortex is positively correlated with the amount of wakefulness in rats.

Histaminergic neurons have been strongly implicated in the regulation of wakefulness by activating cortical neurons. However, little is known about histamine release in the cortex during sleep-wake stages. In this study, we monitored the extracellular histamine level in the frontal cortex by in vivo microdialysis coupled with electroencephalogram and electromyogram recordings in freely moving rats.

Effects of paclitaxel on proliferation and apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells.

Aim: To investigate the regulatory effect of paclitaxel on proliferation and apoptosis in human acute leukemia HL-60 cells.

Methods: HL-60 cell growth was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tertrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay. Cell cycle kinetics and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry and microscopic examination.

Effects of GM-CSF, IL-3, and GM-CSF/IL-3 fusion protein on apoptosis of human myeloid leukemic cell line Tf-1 induced by irradiation.

Aim: To observe the effects of three cytokines on the apoptosis of Tf-1 cells induced by gamma irradiation and investigate the relationship between apoptosis and caspase-3 activity.

Methods: Different cytokines GM-CSF, IL-3 and GM-CS/IL-3 fusion protein were added into the irradiated Tf-1 cells. MTT assay, morphology, flow cytometry, and DNA fragmentation assay were used to observe the effects of cytokines on apoptosis.

Effects of lercanidipine on coronary reactivity and myocardial remodeling in transition to heart failure in cardiomyopathic hamsters.

Aim: Lercanidipine is a new vasoselective dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with a short plasma half-life, long duration of action, and demonstrated cardioprotective properties. We hypothesized that it might be effective at attenuating the adverse impact observed on the coronary compartment and myocardium in the transition phase to heart failure in the UM-X7.1 cardiomyopathic (CM) hamster.