Erratum: Burden of disease attributable to high body mass index: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

Global burden of disease attributable to metabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39, 1990-2021.

Background: Metabolic risk factors are a significant cause of global burden among adolescents and young adults, but there is a lack of attention to the burden attributable to these metabolic risk factors globally.

Aims: This study aims to provide comprehensive estimates of five important metabolic risk factors and the attributable disease burden in people aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database.

Methods: Global total deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden attributable to five common metabolic risk factors, including high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high body mass index (BMI), and kidney dysfunction, in adolescents and young adults.

Non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis/idiopathic portal hypertension: APASL recommendations for diagnosis and management.

Since the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) published guidelines on non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis/idiopathic portal hypertension in 2007, there has been a surge in new information, especially with the introduction of the term porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder (PSVD). Non-cirrhotic intra-hepatic causes of portal hypertension include disorders with a clearly identifiable etiology, such as schistosomiasis, as well as disorders with an unclear etiology such as non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF), also termed idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH). This entity is being increasingly recognized as being associated with systemic disease and drug therapy, especially cancer therapy.

Comparative associations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with risk of incident chronic kidney disease: a cohort study.

Background: We examined the comparative associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) definitions with risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and abnormal albuminuria.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study of 214,145 Korean adults with normal kidney function at baseline who underwent liver ultrasonography. Participants were further subdivided into no steatotic liver disease (no-SLD), NAFLD-only, MASLD-only, both NAFLD and MASLD, and SLD not categorized as NAFLD or MASLD groups.

Integrative multiomic analysis identifies distinct molecular subtypes of NAFLD in a Chinese population.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a common health care burden worldwide. The high heterogeneity of NAFLD remains elusive and impairs outcomes of clinical diagnosis and pharmacotherapy. Several NAFLD classifications have been proposed on the basis of clinical, genetic, alcoholic, or serum metabolic analyses.

Non-invasive lipid panel of MASLD fibrosis transition underscores the role of lipoprotein sulfatides in hepatic immunomodulation.

There exists a pressing need for a non-invasive panel that differentiates mild fibrosis from non-fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In this work, we applied quantitative lipidomics and sterolomics on sera from the PERSONS cohort with biopsy-based histological assessment of liver pathology. We trained a lasso regression model using quantitative omics data and clinical variables, deriving a combinatorial panel of lipids and clinical indices that differentiates mild fibrosis (>F1, n = 324) from non-fibrosis (F0, n = 195), with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) at 0.

A blood-based biomarker panel for non-invasive diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

The current diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its severe form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), is suboptimal. Here, we recruited 700 individuals, including 184 from Hong Kong as a discovery cohort and 516 from San Diego, Wenzhou, and Hong Kong as three validation cohorts. A panel of 3 parameters (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 [CXCL10], cytokeratin 18 fragments M30 [CK-18], and adjusted body mass index [BMI]) was formulated (termed N3-MASH), which discriminated patients with MASLD from healthy controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.

Body posture can modulate liver stiffness measured by transient elastography: a prospective observational study.

Background: Non-invasive measurement of liver stiffness (LS), traditionally performed in the supine position, has been established to assess liver fibrosis. However, fibrosis degree is not the sole determinant of LS, necessitating the identification of relevant confounders. One often-overlooked factor is body posture, and it remains unclear whether normal daily postures interfere with LS irrespective of fibrosis.

Liver cancer in 2021: Global burden of disease study.

Background & Aims: The epidemiology of adult primary liver cancer continues to evolve, owing to the increasing prevalence of metabolic disease, rising alcohol consumption, advances in vaccination for HBV, and antiviral therapy for HCV. Disparities in care and the burden of liver cancer between populations persist. We assess trends in the burden of liver cancer and contributions by various etiologies across 204 countries and territories from 2010 to 2021.

Comparative efficacy of THR-β agonists, FGF-21 analogues, GLP-1R agonists, GLP-1-based polyagonists, and Pan-PPAR agonists for MASLD: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Aims: To compare the efficacy of thyroid hormone receptor beta (THR-β) agonists, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) analogues, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), GLP-1-based polyagonists, and pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (Pan-PPAR) agonists in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods: A database search for relevant randomized double-blind controlled trials published until July 11, 2024, was conducted. Primary outcomes were the relative change in hepatic fat fraction (HFF) and liver stiffness assessed non-invasively by magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction and elastography.

Improvement of MASLD and MASH by suppression of hepatic N-acetyltransferase 10.

Objective: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are characterized by excessive triglyceride accumulation in the liver. However, due to an incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis, more efforts are needed to identify specific and effective treatments. N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is a newly discovered RNA modification to regulate mRNA.

Associations between cuprotosis-related genes and the spectrum of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An exploratory study.

Aims: To explore the associations between cuprotosis-related genes (CRGs) across different stages of liver disease in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: We analysed several bulk RNA sequencing datasets from patients with MAFLD (n = 331) and MAFLD-related HCC (n = 271) and two MAFLD single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. To investigate the associations between CRGs and MAFLD, we performed differential correlation, logistic regression and functional enrichment analyses.

Causal relationship between key genes and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease risk mediated by immune cells: A Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.

Aim: Non-invasive diagnostics for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remain challenging. We aimed to identify novel key genes as non-invasive biomarkers for MAFLD, elucidate causal relationships between biomarkers and MAFLD and determine the role of immune cells as potential mediators.

Materials And Methods: Utilizing published transcriptome data of patients with biopsy-proven MAFLD, we applied linear models for microarray data, least absolute shrinkage and selector operation (LASSO) regressions and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses to identify and validate biomarkers for MAFLD.

Global burden of metabolic diseases, 1990-2021.

Background: Common metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), have become a global health burden in the last three decades. The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) data enables the first insights into the trends and burdens of these metabolic diseases from 1990 to 2021, highlighting regional, temporal and differences by sex.

Methods: Global estimates of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths from GBD 2021 were analyzed for common metabolic diseases (T2DM, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and MASLD).

Amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting the deubiquitylating enzyme RPN11.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including its more severe manifestation nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a global public health challenge. Here, we explore the role of deubiquitinating enzyme RPN11 in NAFLD and NASH. Hepatocyte-specific RPN11 knockout mice are protected from diet-induced liver steatosis, insulin resistance, and steatohepatitis.

Integrative clinical and preclinical studies identify FerroTerminator1 as a potent therapeutic drug for MASH.

The complex etiological factors associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), including perturbed iron homeostasis, and the unclear nature by which they contribute to disease progression have resulted in a limited number of effective therapeutic interventions. Here, we report that patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a pathological subtype of MAFLD, exhibit excess hepatic iron and that it has a strong positive correlation with disease progression. FerroTerminator1 (FOT1) effectively reverses liver injury across multiple MASH models without notable toxic side effects compared with clinically approved iron chelators.

Associations of the EAT-Lancet reference diet with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and its severity: A multicohort study.

Background And Aims: The EAT-Lancet Commission devised a globally sustainable dietary pattern to jointly promote human health and sustainability. However, the extent to which this diet supports metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has not yet been assessed. This study aimed to investigate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and the risk of MASLD and its severity.