Soil water content and nitrogen differentially correlate with multidimensional leaf traits of two temperate broadleaf species.

The variation and correlation of leaf economics and vein traits are crucial for predicting plant ecological strategies under different environmental changes. However, correlations between these two suites of traits and abiotic factors such as soil water and nitrogen content remain ambiguous. We measured leaf economics and vein traits as well as soil water and nitrogen content for two different shade-tolerant species ( and ) in four mixed broadleaved-Korean pine () forests along a latitudinal gradient in Northeast China.

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 7 expression is regulated by the E3 ligase UBE4A in diabetic nephropathy.

Mesangial cells played a central role in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our goal was to evaluate the molecular mechanism that regulates loss of BMP7 protein expression in DN. The mRNA and protein levels of BMP7 or UBE4A were detected using qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively.

Proteasome subunit-α type-6 protein is post-transcriptionally repressed by the microRNA-4490 in diabetic nephropathy.

A common complication of both type I and type II diabetes is nephropathy, characterized by accumulation of extracellular matrix in the glomerular mesangium. This indicates a central role of mesangial cells in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. Using the proteomic approach, it was earlier elucidated in a rat model that the proteasome subunit-α type-6 protein (PSMA6) is suppressed in the renal cortex in nephropathic kidney.